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Building Morphology Factors


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Building Construction process comprises with many stages.

They basically consist of two parts

Pre Construction

Post Construction

The Designing process of a building project belongs to the Pre

construction stage.

Considering about the Design Morphology Factors comes

under this Designing stage.


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Cost of Construction changes in a rapid manner due to many

reasons.

Therefore a proper analysis of Building Morphology Factors are

essential to reduce cost of Construction.

This presentation is aimed at understanding what the Design

Morphology Factors are.

This discusses about;What the Morphology Factors are.

A practical example on implementing Morphology Factors.

Analysis and Recommendations of alternatives Designs

using Morphology Factors.Impact of Morphology Factors on Cost of Construction.


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Main design Morphology Factors that are considered are;

Shape of the building

Orientation, Proximity and Similarity factors

Size of the building

Storey height

Total height of the building

Number of storey

Grouping Buildings

Orientation, Proximity and Similarity factors


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Shape and Size are interrelated factors.

Both relates with the floor space required by the client.

Research has showed that SQUARE shape is the most costeffective shape.

When designing the shape the ORIENTATION, PROXMITY

and SIMILARITY factors must be concerned.

If the new building is in a similar shape as the existing

buildings, placing the building in the correct orientation and

proximity becomes easy.


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Service integration must be concerned.

For example;

Air conditioning

Fire fighting system

Electrical lighting

Telecommunication systems

If storey height is not decided according to service integration

requirement;

Problems occur during installation

Service lines will be installed in an irregular manner.

Proper height must be selected during designing.


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Directly connects with the number of storey and storey height.

Higherthe building goes;

Stronger the structureshould be.

Workers, equipment,

material etc must be

transported continuously to

upper floors.

More scaffolding

requirement.

RESULT

More

Financial

Requirement


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Must design to the required number only.

Over designing could result in a stronger structure.

If designed correctly, can avoid expensive foundation types.


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Two methods can be used;Vertical Grouping

- Common Walls and Foundations

Horizontal Grouping

- Common Roofs

Can be used in Building complexes like Apartment buildings.

Another advantage is reduction of circulation spaces and

service cores.

When grouped buildings can share circulation spaces and

service cores.


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SHAPE and SIZE

Designed by UDA designers.

Shape Designed due to

Architectural Influence.

Office areas are located on

either side of the vertical

circulation area.


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Recommendation on SHAPE and SIZE

If built in square shape, spaces on either side of the vertical

circulation space could be used.

It increases the efficiency of land usage.

Land value is very high.

Design Efficiency Calculation

Floor area of H-shaped building = 2744.28 m2

Floor area if designed as a square shape = 3528.36 m2

Wastage of Floor Area = 784.08 m2


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If the building is built without changing the required floor area

land area could have been saved.

Design Efficiency Calculation

Perimeter of the H-shaped building = 1039.36 ft.

Perimeter if designed as a square shape =692.82 ft

Design efficiency = (1039.36 692.82) x 100 = 50.02%

692.82

Square shape is 50.02% more effective.


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The existing main building has a L shape.

If the new building is designed to have the same shape(similarity factor) orientation of the building could have beeneasy.

Since the shape is different the main parts of the building faceseast and west.

Therefore the heat gain through direct sun light is more anduncomfortable.


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HEIGHT of th e Bu i lding

Storey height is 3600 mm.

Ceiling to be a Lowered 600 mm from the soffit of the slab.

Each floor is designed to be constructed with a proper ducting

for A/C, and other services.

Comprising with 14 storeys.


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Recommendation on HEIGHT

The location has natural ventilation.

Natural ventilation method can be easily applied for upper floors.

Therefore A/C ducting is not required for upper floors.

So storey height can be reduced.

It is cost effective because;

Reduces Construction cost.

Reduces service installation cost.Reduces services maintenance cost.


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GROUPING BUILDINGS

New building is constructed few feet away from the existingmain building.

At the designing stage it was decided to group the buildings.

But later it was decided not to due to heavy demolition work ofthe existing building.

Recommendation on GROUPING BUILDINGS

Grouping buildings could have reduced the circulation space

needed for the new building.


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Design economics helps us to understand the best costeffective way proceed with the construction.

Discussion between construction professionals prior the

construction helps them to understand these cost effective way.

Each construction has its own cost effective ways.

To understand these ways Building Morphology Factors can beused.

Concerning about Morphology factors during designing stage isvery important.


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The designing stage of a building project is the best stage to

reduce unnecessary costs of the project.

Building Morphology Factors are the key to understand theways of reducing unnecessary costs.

Shape, Size, Storey height, Total height, Grouping factors can

be analyzed carefully to make a project cost effective.

Therefore a proper knowledge on Building Morphology is

necessary for construction professionals.


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