Mood Disorders

Learning Objectives- 12, 13, 14 and 15

Read pgs. 658-669

Mood Disorder

Prolonged and emotional state that affects: thoughts, feelings and behaviors

Statistics for Thought

Mood DisordersApproximately 20.9 million American

adults, or about 9.5 percent of the U.S. population age 18 and older in a given year, have a mood disorder.

The median age of onset for mood disorders is 30 years.

Depressive disorders often co-occur with anxiety disorders and substance abuse.

Major Depressive Disorder

Depression vs.

(paper-cut)Has been describe

as:“A crushing and paralyzing time of endless darkness.”

Dysthemic disorder

Major Depression

(open-heart surgery)

Statistics for Thought

Major Depressive DisorderMajor depressive disorder affects

approximately 14.8 million American adults, or about 6.7 percent of the U.S. population age 18 and older in a given year.

While major depressive disorder can develop at any age, the median age at onset is 32.

After being followed for 18 months, among those who had originally recovered, 70% relapsed.

Bipolar Disorder

Alternate between the extreme lows of major depression and highs of mania. Mania- over talkative, inspired, reckless,

overly optimistic

Statistics for Thought

Bipolar DisorderBipolar disorder affects approximately

5.7 million American adults, or about 2.6 percent of the U.S. population age 18 and older in a given year.

The median age of onset for bipolar disorders is 25 years.

Approximately 10-30% cannot be helped with current drugs, and 30-70% initially improve but later relapse

Suicide

People with bipolar disorder have a higher risk because their condition can cause them to go through depressive states as well manic states. Both can affect and distort their mood, outlook, and judgment.

Statistics for ThoughtSuicideIn 2006, 33,300 (approximately 11 per

100,000) people died by suicide in the U.S.

More than 90% of people who kill themselves have a diagnosable mental disorder, most commonly a depressive disorder or a substance abuse disorder.

Four times as many men as women die by suicide; however, women attempt suicide two to three times as often as men.

Biological Perspectives

Genetics- chances increase with parent or sibling diagnosed (major depression- 1:2; bipolar- 7:10).

Brain- serotonin and norepinephrine levels are different.

Lower levels of omega 3 fatty acids-possiblefactor.

Social-Cognitive Perspective

Negative thoughts and moods interact- learned helplessness.

Self-defeating beliefs, negative attributions and self-blame are correlated with major depression.

Event (breakup

)

Stable

Global

Internal

Depression

Event (breakup

)

Temporary

Specific

External

Successful coping