moocs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

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MOOCs and Avatars A pedagogical approach for the 21 st century Yves Epelboin Professor Emeritus UPMC-Sorbonne-Universités, Paris [email protected]

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Page 1: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

MOOCs and AvatarsA pedagogical

approach for the 21st centuryYves Epelboin

Professor Emeritus UPMC-Sorbonne-Universités, [email protected]

Page 2: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Agenda A very slow tsunamiMOOC: some approachesBuilding a MOOC

MOOCs for Europe Business models Driving students to success

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 3: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

US context: students debt

Tuition fees at an inacceptable level: Up to 10 000 $ in

public universities 40 000 – 60 000 $ in

private universitiesLe Monde 26/04/2015

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 4: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

A digital approach as the solution?

Increasing the Higher Education efficiency: Decreasing the labor costs

Possibility to sell and reuse the courses Possibility to use less qualified teachers

Increasing the students/teachers ratio Increasing the « teaching » efficiency

Flipped learning approach

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

?

Page 5: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

A very slow tsunamiMOOC is not a technology;It is a means to teach and to learn using established technologies.

Thus it is moving at the same path as pedagogy

On line course

MOOC

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 6: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Massive Open Online Courses

Open: No prerequisite but must register Not Open Source

Online More than contents: self contained Documents + assessments + exchange

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 7: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Massive Open Online Courses

Massive: large number of participants Definition of large?

Depending on the subject Lurkers and true participants Need to find an alternative to face-to-face

interaction Certification

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 8: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

MOOC and student retention Success as not

the same meaning in a MOOC than in a classP. Hill e-Literate, March 2013

http://mfeldstein.com/emerging-student-patterns-in-moocs-a-revised-graphical-view/

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 9: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

MOOCSome approaches

Page 10: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

MOOC in the university Two approaches:

Pure distance learning Blended learning

Distance learning as alternative to the amphitheater

Part face-to-face: SPOC Pedagogic approach: flipped learning

Audience restricted or not to the studentsPeda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 11: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

A new approach to Learning

Students on their own to learn No face-to-face interaction (MOOC) or

reduced interaction (SPOC) Web social alternative requested Assessments and tests to be

rethoughtPeda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

• A new culture of working

• The most efficient way of learning

Page 12: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

A new approach to teaching

New ways of teaching Modules lengths and week timing

rethought Flipped pedagogy Group work Enhanced tutoring Courses fully prepared in

advance

Pedagogy and course preparation to be fully rethought

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 13: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Different approaches SPOC: University of Central Florida

Some courses available as SPOC for a minor additionnal money

Online courses: Georgia Tech: master in computing for 200 selected students

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 14: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Different approachesArizona State University (ASU) Universities consortium First year through MOOCs for less than

6000$ Payment at the end Participation of edXPeda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 15: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Different approachesUrbana Champaign university eMBA for 20 000$

1. First, selected Coursera specializations2. Agreement of curriculum by Urbana3. Finish as official MBA degree

Decision to be taken after success to MOOCs

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 16: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

The MIT Model

https://formation.unpidf.fr/fr/mediatheque/media-51

Free MOOCs can only be a by-product of SPOCs and blended learning

Communication C. De Oliveira MITPeda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 17: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Building your MOOC or

SPOC

Page 18: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

A new approach to teaching

Course scenario mandatory Documents to be fully rebuild New approach to video: massive use of shorts

videos (5-15mn) Use of OER? New skills requested: video, graphics and teaching

designers… A team projectPeda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 19: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Human resourcesMOOC contents:

Teachers Community managers

MOOC development: Video specialists Web integrator and graphic artist Pedagogic designer Project manager

A MOOC is a project with many people, which needs a project manager

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 20: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Workload to build a MOOC

Example: 6-8 weeks course: Course with Math equations, graphics and

pictures Course being used 3 times Three categories of human resources:

teachers, academic and technical supportPeda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 21: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

WorkloadMission Cours

e 1Course 2

Course 3

Total

Teachers 310 h 105 h 105 h 520hPedagogic Support

160 h 32 h 32 h 225h*

Technical support

340 h 70 h 70 h 480h

Total 1245h*Rounded

Pomerol, Epelboin & Thoury MOOCs, Design, uses and Business models, Wiley 2015

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 22: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

CostMission Cours

e 1Course 2

Course 3

Total Euros

Teachers 15 000 5 200 5 200 25 400Pedagogic support 6 000 1 200 1 200 8 400

Technical support 10 000 2 000 2 000 14 000

Salaries ≈ 48 000 €

Base: Teachers: 75 k€/y, support teachers: 60 k€/y, tech: 47 k€/y

Pomerol, Epelboin & Thoury MOOCs, Design, Use and Business Models, Wiley 2015

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 23: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Total cost 6-8 weeks MOOC:

30 000 € - 120 000 € (external support) UC San Diego: 150 000 $

Not included: Delivery Environment for teachers and staff

See: Pomerol, Epelboin & Thoury MOOCs, Design, Use and Business Models, Wiley 2015

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 24: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Cost comparizon

Students

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 10000

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

160000

ClassicMOOCSPOC

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 25: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

MOOC economy Less expensive solution:

Below 200 – 300 students: classic approach Above 500 students blended approach

versus classic approach MOOC valid only above 200-300

students Staff environment not taken into

account Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Most universities do not possess neither the manpower nor the budget to massivelyinvest in MOOCs and SPOCS

Page 26: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

MOOCEmerging Business

models

Page 27: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Facts Students and employers value credential

and diploma, delivered by universities Badges and certifications are of value for

life education Primary education approach differs from

long life learningDifferent objectives Different business modelsPeda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 28: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Primary education economy

Blended learning and distance learning for freshmen Cheaper way to handle large classes Efficient means to attract distant students A method to increase the participation of

minorities? MOOCs: less worse solution in Asia and

Africa where universities do not existPeda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 29: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Primary education economy

Economic approach valid only if courses used by large number of students

For European universities, this means: Creation of consortia in most cases to use

the same courses Common courses: Virtual Bavarian

University…

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 30: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

A university model A three-tiers system

MOOC designer

s

MOOC consorti

umUniversit

ies

Blended learning

MOOC

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 31: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Continuous education Certification instead of degrees Seriousness of certification?

Online Traditional

Certification and coherent education?

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 32: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Certification Basic

Offers by all MOOC providers Just proof of success to the online tests Simple non secure PDF

Value defined by teachers without specific rules

Poor valuePeda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 33: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Certification Verified

ID and environment checked Online or classic approach in exam centers

Secure PDF attestations Sharable (Linkedin)

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 34: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Coursera Certifications & Specializations«… we are hosting nearly 900 courses and I expect to have 1,000 courses on our platform by early 2015. In three years, we’ll have 5,000 courses, which is about the curriculum of your average medium to large university. »

Daphne Koller, Knowledge@Wharton 05/01/2015

Tomorrow: online university?

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 35: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

EPFL Free access to MOOCs Certification with Coursera ECTS with examination in an approved center: 30

€/ECTS, full cursus 8-12 ECTS Advanced study certificate with personal work (6-10

ECTS, 240/360 €) (Hybrid EPFL Training)« Post-graduate courses oriented towards the acquisition of high value-added professional skills »http://moocs.epfl.ch/page-118161-en.html

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 36: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Other examples Gestion de Projets (ECL Lille)

http://mooc.gestiondeprojet.pm/ Freemium with second part for one or two ECTS

by payment (50 – 150 €) with different levels of examinations and options

Various options for continuous education (490-690 €)

Futurelearn with Open University MiriadaX (Spain) Openclassrooms (France): agreement with

ministery of employmentThere is a huge space for online learning providers with MOOCs (Udacity, Iversity…)Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 37: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

A continuous education model

A four-tiers system

MOOC designe

rs

MOOC distribu

torMOOC broker

Company

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 38: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

MOOC providers? Unclear Business models? Will certification and course selling suffice? Shift of Udacity from Higher Education to

Continuous Education S. Thrun: “There is no money to make with HE” Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 39: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

A user-centric approach:

Driving students to success

Page 40: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Learning analytics High potential impact to improve students

success Definition of indicators still in progress

Limitations Lack of valid data from many systems Privacy of data Definition of predictive indicators

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 41: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Adaptive learningAdaptive learning is an educational method which uses computers […] to orchestrate the allocation of human and mediated resources according to the unique needs of each learner. Computers adapt the presentation of educational material according to students' learning needs, as indicated by their responses to questions, tasks and experiences. Wikipedia

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 42: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Driving students to success

Blended learning does not rise the rate of success: “Those who succeed succeed better”

Adaptive learning allows to best adapt learning to the capacities and feelings of each person

Learning analytics is the method to introduce individual mentoring at a time of mass educationPeda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 43: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Political decisions to be taken

The move towards a digital pedagogy is apolitical decision: Choices and priorities to be redefined Premises to be rethougt:

Fewer classrooms More commonplace exchange

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 44: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Transforming the universityThe university must become a student-centered place of encounter and exchange. Otherwise it may not survive.

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 45: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

We are all involved! The march towards the digital

education: Impacts all jobs Reshapes the campus Overturns the university timings

Modules structure Semesters Assessments…

Page 46: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

A challenge! An important challenge for the digital

university in the coming years: True blended learning must be generalized Tools and services will be more and more

user-centric The digital environment will be more and

more complex The learning spaces must be fully rethoughtWill the universities have the will and the resources?

Peda-Forum Helsinki August 20th 2015 Y.Epelboin

Page 47: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

[email protected]

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/yepelboin

Twitter: @yepelboin

Blogs: http://blog.educpros.fr/yves-epelboin/ (French)         http://www.eunis.org/blog/category/erai-2/blogs/ (English)

Slideshare: http://fr.slideshare.net/YvesEpelboin/

Page 48: MOOCs and avatars: a pedagogical approach for 21st century

Discussion