monomers and polymers - dpisd.org · monomers and polymers monomers are single units that can be...
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Monomers and Polymers
Monomers are single units that can be put together to form larger units called Polymers
Monomer --> Polymer VIDEO
Mono- ‘One’
Poly- ‘Multiple’
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Biomolecules
• Biomolecules are any molecules found in living organisms.
There are 4 major types of Biomolecules:
• Lipids
• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Nucleic Acids
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Biomolecules
• The 4 Biomolecules are considered polymers which are made up of multiple monomers, each type has its own monomers:
Biomolecule (Polymer) Building Block (Monomer)
Carbohydrates Monosaccharide
Lipids Glycerol and 3 Fatty Acids
Proteins Amino Acids
Nucleic Acids Nucleotides
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Carbohydrates
Monosaccharide + Monosaccharide Carbohydrates
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Lipids
Glycerol + Fatty Acids Lipid
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Proteins
Amino Acids + Amino Acids Proteins
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Nucleic Acids
Nucleotides + Nucleotides Nucleic Acids
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Forming Polymers
• Monomers are strung together using Dehydration Synthesis
• Dehydration synthesis is a process where 2 monomers are attached by removing 1 molecule of water
Dehydration: Lacking/losing water
Synthesis: Creating/building something
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Forming Polymers: Dehydration Synthesis
Glucose HO HO O Glucose OH H
1 water molecule is removed (dehydration)
A bond is formed between the two monomers
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Breaking Apart Polymers
• Polymers are broken apart using a Hydrolysis
• Hydrolysis is a process where 2 monomers are broken apart from each other by adding 1 molecule of water
Hydro- Water
Lysis- To break apart
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Breaking Apart Polymers: Hydrolysis
HO
Glucose HO O Glucose OH
H
1 water molecule is added
The bond between monomers breaks