monitoring process
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Monitoring Process
ByDr.Shazia Zamir
NUML
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Monitoring ProcessMonitoring is ongoing assessment of
how activities and materials are being implemented by whom, for whom, with whom, how, when and where.
Two important approaches to program evaluation are process and outcome evaluation which can be further divided into process and outcome monitoring. Process monitoring falls under the overall evaluation of a program.
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Links between monitoring and evaluation
Dimension Monitoring Evaluation
Frequency Periodic, occurs regularly Episodic
Function tracking / oversight \Assessment
Purpose Improve efficiency, provide information forreprogramming to improve outcomes
Improve effectiveness, impact, value for money,future programming, strategy and policymaking
Methods Routine review of reports, registers, administrativedatabases, field observations
Scientific, rigorous research design, complex andintensive
Informationsource
Routine field observation,reports, progress reports, rapid assessment,program review meetings etc
Same sources used for monitoring, pluspopulation-based surveys, vital registration,special studies
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Links between monitoring and evaluation
Dimension Monitoring Evaluation
Cost Consistent, recurrent costs spread acrossimplementation period
Episodic, often focused at the midpoint and endof implementation period
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Who needs, uses M&E Information?
To Improve program implementation…
To Inform and improve future programs
Inform stakeholders
Managers
Donors Governments
Donors Governments Communities Beneficiaries
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Who conducts M&E….?
Program implementer
StakeholdersBeneficiary
Remember .. M&E Technical skills
Participatory process
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How to carry out M&E…? Key Features
1. Program Framework: Analyze and systematically lay out program elements
2. Identify key elements to monitor and evaluate.
3. Determine and describe the measures to be used for monitoring and evaluation
4. Develop M&E Framework and action plans, including data collection and analysis, reporting and dissemination of findings.
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Framework for successful Process Monitoring
Step 1 Determine Purpose and Uses
Step 2 Develop Measurable Objectives
Step 3 Develop Evaluation Questions
Step 4 Collect/Gather Credible Evidence
Step 5 Analyze Information & Develop Conclusions
Step 6 Report Findings
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Program Framework
What do you know about your program….?
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Step 1 - Determine Purpose and Uses for Your Process Monitoring
Purpose Uses
The main purpose of process monitoring is to improve how things get done by answering questions about program operations, implementation, and service deliver
➡ To improve program implementation➡ Context for understanding effectiveness➡ Accountability ➡ Quality management
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Program Framework
Systematic lay out of the program elements and path showing what the program plans to:
do ……………..achieve!
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Step 2 - Develop Measurable Process ObjectivesProcess objectives are statements that
describe the specific implementation activities of an intervention for a specified population within a given timeframe. Process objectives focus on “implementation activities”
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Step 3 - Develop Process Evaluation Questions
Once objectives are identified, you need to develop specific questions that you want your evaluation to answer. The focus of evaluation questions in process monitoring is describing the intervention activities including the human and other
resources needed to carry them out, the level of effort needed to accomplish each activity, and the time frames in which
the activities will be conducted.
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Step 4 - Collect/Gather Credible Evidence for Process Monitoring
Process data can be collected at two levels: student-level and program-level.
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Step 5 - Analyze Data & Justify Conclusions about Your Process MonitoringData Analysis – the process of
categorizing, ordering, manipulating, and summarizing data to obtain answers to evaluation questions.
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Step 6 - Report Findings about Your Process Monitoring
Often times process monitoring serves an accountability function. Specifically,
data from process measures can provide information about the quality of the program or services.
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Scope of Monitoring
From an accountability perspectiveFrom a management perspectiveFrom an evaluators perspective
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M&E Questions
Monitoring questions◦ What is being done?◦ By whom?◦ Target population?◦ When?◦ How much?◦ How often?◦ Additional outputs?◦ Resources used?
(Staff, funds, materials, etc.)