monitoring indoor air quality - university of california
TRANSCRIPT
Monitoring Indoor Air Quality
Manuel BarronUniversity of California, Santa Cruz
CEGA/DIME Measurement WorkshopBerkeley, August 19th, 2014
Why Monitor Indoor Air Pollution?
I Monitors not cheap ($500 - but used to cost $2-3K)I Field logistics: laptops, batteries, cables, software, etc.I (good luck with customs!)I Need to train personnel, put protocols in place, etc.I Visit households multiple times in same roundI So why do it?
UCB-PATS (Berkeley Air)
Why Monitor Indoor Air Pollution?
I Monitors not cheap ($500 - but used to cost $2-3K)I Field logistics: laptops, batteries, cables, software, etc.I (good luck with customs!)I Need to train personnel, put protocols in place, etc.I Visit households multiple times in same roundI So why do it?
UCB-PATS (Berkeley Air)
Why Monitor Indoor Air Pollution?
I Monitors not cheap ($500 - but used to cost $2-3K)I Field logistics: laptops, batteries, cables, software, etc.I (good luck with customs!)I Need to train personnel, put protocols in place, etc.I Visit households multiple times in same roundI So why do it?
UCB-PATS (Berkeley Air)
Why Monitor Indoor Air Pollution?
I Monitors not cheap ($500 - but used to cost $2-3K)I Field logistics: laptops, batteries, cables, software, etc.I (good luck with customs!)I Need to train personnel, put protocols in place, etc.I Visit households multiple times in same roundI So why do it?
UCB-PATS (Berkeley Air)
Why Monitor Indoor Air Pollution?
I Monitors not cheap ($500 - but used to cost $2-3K)I Field logistics: laptops, batteries, cables, software, etc.I (good luck with customs!)I Need to train personnel, put protocols in place, etc.I Visit households multiple times in same roundI So why do it?
UCB-PATS (Berkeley Air)
Why Monitor Indoor Air Pollution?I Measurements in the field typically diverge from lab tests
(behavioral reasons: e.g. adoption patterns)I Indoor air pollution is the third leading risk factor in the
burden of diseaseI Are we making progress in reducing it?I Lower costs by analyzing subsamples of population under
study (keeping an eye on power)
photo credit: globalgiving.org
Example: Household Electrification and Indoor AirPollution
I Joint work with Maximo Torero (IFPRI)I Is there a relevant relationship between kerosene use and
indoor air quality?I Emissions from biomass use may dwarf any improvements
arising from changes in kerosene useI We use UCB-PATS to monitor PM2.5 concentrationI Setting: El Salvador, grid extension program
Monitor Placement
Fine Particulate Matter Concentration - Sample Data
Kerosene Expenditure and Overnight PM2.5
Concentration (5pm-7am)
0
.2
.4
.6
PM
2.5
conc
entr
atio
n
0 2 4 6 8 10Monthly Expenditure in Kerosene (USD)
Electrification, Kerosene, and Overnight PM2.5
Concentration
-1
-.5
0
.5
z-sc
ore
2009 2010 2011 2012
(a) Monthly Expenditure in Kerosene, Indoor Air Pollution Subsample
-.5
0
.5
1
z-sc
ore
2009 2010 2011 2012
T2 T1 Control
(b) Fine PM Concentration, Indoor Air Pollution Subsample
iButton Temperature Sensors (a.k.a. SUMs)
I Measure kero lamp temperatureI attach them to lamp, log temperature every minuteI can infer if lamp was on or offI fairly inexpensive ($20-30)I Data currently under analysis
HEALTHEFFECT
National and Regional Fuel Use
Stove Usage
Emissions Sampling
Emissions Sampling + HH Characteristics
Micro-environmental Pollutant Concentrations
Micro-environmental + Time Activity
Personal Exposure
Personal Exposure + Time Activity
Biomarkers of Exposure
Biomarkers of E ect
Data-logging digital thermometer!!
Attached to combustion devices !to assess time of use!
!Lightweight, cheap, robust, reliable
Exposure to PM2.5 (mg/day)
I Exposure is the amount of pollutants going into a person’srespiratory tract
I Based on recall data
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
Females Males
5.68
3.20
3.93
1.43
No voucher
Voucher
Time Activity Monitoring System (TAMS)
I joint work with Nick Lam and Ajay Pillarisetti (UC Berkeley,Public Health), based on work by Tracey Allen
I funding from CEGAI receiver placed on pollution sourceI household members carry small radio transmitterI matchbox (⇒ wristband)I Data on whether the person was present in the room
(1-min resolution)I Rebound effect (AC is on - are people in the room?)I Risks: compliance, Hawthorne effect
Time Activity Monitoring System v2
Manuel Barron, Nick Lam, & Ajay Pillarisetti December 2013
TAMS
PM2.5 Concentration
PM2.5 Concentration + Presence
PM2.5 Concentration + Presence + Use
0
1
2
3
14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16Hour of Day
PM
2.5
(mg/
m3)
Assign the exposure based on the pollutant measurements and time in the kitchen!!0.065 mg/m3
PM2.5 ConcentrationPresence in KitchenStove in Use