monitoring earth’s climate system & planetary energy budget
Post on 21-Dec-2015
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MONITORING EARTH’S CLIMATE SYSTEM
&
PLANETARY ENERGY BUDGET
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Spatial and Temporal Scales of ClimateClimate Anomalies
Climate ObservationsIn Situ
Remote SensingSatellite Observations
Climate Models
Radiation LawsSolar Radiation-sun-Earth relationships
Atmospheric Effects on InsolationOzone Depletion
Greenhouse EffectNet Radiation, Equilibrium, Climate Change
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Anomaly: deviation from the mean
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VISIBLE IMAGE APRIL 12, 2010
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INFRARED IMAGE APRIL 12, 2010
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WATER VAPOR IMAGE 4/12/10
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http://climate.nasa.gov/Eyes/eyes.html
NASA’s Suite of Orbiting Earth Observing Satellites
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The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Figure 2.6
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Solar and Terrestrial Energy
Figure 2.7
Wien’s Law
Stefan-Boltzmann Law
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Equinox, Solstices
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Seasonal Observations
Figure 2.15
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Daylength vs. Latitude
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SOLAR CONSTANT
The rate at which solar radiation falls on a flat unit area perpendicular to the sun’s
rays at the top of the atmosphere.
1.97 cal/cm2/min
1368 W/m2
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ATMOSPHERIC EFFECTS ON SOLAR RADIATION,
TERRESTRIAL RADIATION
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REFLECTION
SCATTERING
ABSORPTION
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Albedo and Reflection
Figure 3.5
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Antarctic Ozone Hole
Figure FS 2.1.1
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Greenhouse effect
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Mauna Loa Carbon Dioxide Measurements
(the Keeling Curve)