Monday, September 26

Warm-up: How did nature play a significant role in the religion of Native American tribes?a) Ancient religious writings encourage worshipb) Tribes held most of their religious ceremonies

outdoorsc) Ancient religious writings discouraged the

worship of idols or godsd) Tribes believed the spirits of people and the

earth were interconnectedExplorer NotesT-chart for Columbian Exchange

Tuesday, September 27

Warm-up: What was the main port of colonial North Carolina?a) Edentonb) Raleighc) Roanoked) Wilmington

Explorer NotesAnswer ?s – p.47 #1, 4, 5, 6; p.53 #1-3

Wednesday, September 28

Warm-up: What happened to the population of Native Americans as a result of the Columbian Exchange?a) Decreased as they migrated to other areasb) Decreased due to introduction of new diseasesc) Increased due to the new foods available to

themd) Increased due to access to more advanced

medicineAnswer ?s – p.47 #1, 4, 5, 6; p. 53 #1-3;

p.54 #11, 12, 14, 16, 19, 24

Thursday, September 29

Warm-up: How did the Columbian Exchange transform life in America, Asia, and Europe?a) Improved communication made travel more

cost-effectiveb) Domesticated plants and animals were

introduced to different regions of the worldc) Slavery was introduced to the 3 continentsd) The 3 continents started using a single

medium of exchange for tradeCharting the Explorers

Friday, September 30

Warm-up: Which event prompted large-scale contact between the eastern and western hemispheres?a) Vasco da Gama’s discovery of Indiab) Christopher Columbus’s voyage to

America in 1492c) Expeditions of Hernando de Sotod) Establishment of the first British colony

at Roanoke in 1586Test

ExplorersJohn Cabot

1497 – first to reach the continent of North America Sailed north into Canada and went home Purpose of his voyage was to find a NW passage to

Asia

Amerigo Vespucci (1497-1503) North and South America were name for him Claimed that North and South America were NOT

Asia

Astrolabe (term) Navigational tool used to help them know their

precise latitude Did NOT tell longitude

Explorers

Hernando Cortes 1519 Cortes traveled from Cuba to Mexico and

discovered the Aztec Empire Capital – Tenochtitlan

Aztecs controlled most of Mexico Tons of gold and silver Captives sacrificed to the gods.

Cortes Conquered the empire by 1521 Sent riches back to Spain Discouraged Aztec religion and human sacrifice

Explorers

Giovanni da Verrazano 1st European to land/visit in NC (March 1524) Mistook the NC sounds (Pamlico, Albemarle, etc.)

for the Pacific Ocean He sent many letters (primary source) to the king

about the resources, wildlife, and inhabitants of NC

Francisco Pizarro 1532 conquered the Incas of Peru Captured and killed emperor of Incas even after a

ransom was paid.

Explorers

Ponce de Leon (1513-1521) Searched for the “fountain of youth” (Native

American story) Landed in St. Augustine (oldest US city) Thought FL was an island Unsuccessful at starting a settlement or finding

“F.O.Y.” Spain claimed most of the land explored by Leon

Missionaries Originally catholic – goal was to convert Native

Americans Some were corrupt and in search of wealth

ExplorersConquistadors

Spanish for conquerors Sent out by Spain to explore and conquer new

lands and people

Vasquez de Ayllon (1526) Took 500 men, women, & children to Cape Fear

River area Tried to settle but is unsuccessful due to swamps

& bugs Move to present-day South Carolina Fever & starvation killed many (including Ayllon) 150 survivors sailed back to Spain

ExplorersThe Slave Trade

During the 1500s the Spanish & Portuguese began buying slaves

They needed the laborers to help with the work in the “new world.”

Most slaves were prisoners captured by other Africans.

The Columbian Exchange (p.44) Movement of plants, animals, and diseases between

the Eastern and Western hemispheres Positive effects were the sharing of new resources Negative effects were that more than 20 million

Native Americans in Mexico died and total population decreased by 90-95% from 1519-1619. (No immunity)

ExplorersHernando de Soto (1539-1541)

Was a soldier with Pizarro in Peru Led a search through the southern US to find more gold and

riches De Soto and 600 men landed in Tampa, FL with 200 horses

and hundreds of pigs for food They forced Native Americans to unload the ship and carry

supplies as they traveled. They wore full armor and clothing in the hot, southern

summer. They traveled from FL through GA, SC and into the NC

mountains. (p.51) While in the NC mountains, the Natives treated them with

hospitality. They traveled west, and became the first Europeans to see

the Mississippi River.

ExplorersJean Ribaut (1562-1563)

After De Soto didn’t find any “treasures” in the SE U.S., France saw this as their chance to take action.

French protestants (Huguenots) sailed towards the US under navigator, Jean Ribaut.

After landing in St. Augustine, they sailed northwards and built a fort around present-day Beaufort, SC or Parris Island

Ribaut returned to France for supplies, but the colony was failing.

Colonists made their own boat and sailed for home, but had to be rescued by English.

Columbian Exchange

Positive Negative

Tell what item brought by the exchange was a positive and a negative and who/what benefited or was hurt by it. Also, include a small drawing/picture to represent at least half of the items discussed. Should contain at least 7 positives and 3 negatives.

Potatoes – brought to Europe that helped save a starving population

ExplorersRene’ de Laudonniere (1564)

France decided to try another settlement in FL They created Fort Caroline, near Jacksonville, FL None of them knew how to hunt, fish, or farm. Failure as a colony!

Pedro Menendez (1565) Spain was upset by France’s settlement close to

Spain’s claimed land. Sent warships to destroy Fort Caroline Spain killed the Huguenots. Menendez led victory and set up St. Augustine –

successful!

ExplorersPedro de Coronas (1566)

Sent by Spain to protect area from French Intended to land near Chesapeake Bay in Virginia, but

hurricane beached them near Currituck Peninsula in NC.

Claimed land for Spain and continue north but had to stop in NC, again, and claimed that land for Spain, too.

Juan Pardo (1566) Sent to find a land route to Spain’s gold mines in

Mexico Landed off coast of SC Followed part of de Soto’s previous path, but

unsuccessful and headed back to SC.

Explorers

Spain gives up! In 1570, Spanish establish a mission in Chesapeake

Bay area, but a few months later, all are killed by Native Americans.

Spain decides to stop trying to spread Christianity and give up most of claimed land and outposts.

This gives the English a chance to make settlements and claim lands!