monday, december 2nd
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Monday, December 2nd. Welcome Back! 2 weeks until Finals Going over emotion and stress these next two weeks Starting emotion today . Emotional Intelligence Test. Theories of Emotion. Emotion. The experience of feelings - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Monday, December 2nd
Welcome Back! 2 weeks until Finals Going over emotion and stress these
next two weeks
Starting emotion today
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Emotional Intelligence Test
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Theories of Emotion
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Emotion
The experience of feelings Can activate and affect behavior but it is
more difficult to predict the behavior prompted by a motivation
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Basic Emotions
Fear Surprise Sadness Disgust
Anger Anticipation Joy Acceptance
• Plutchik proposed that there are eight basic emotions
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Plutchik’s Basic Emotions
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3 Steps: Emotions are a mix of…1) physiological activation, 2) expressive
behaviors, and 3) conscious experience.
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Theories
1. James-Lange Theory2. Cannon-Bard Theory3. Schachter-Singer Theory4. Opponent Process Theory5. Cognitive-Appraisal Theory
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James Lange Theory
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James-Lange Theory
The James-Lange Theory proposes that physiological
activity precedes the emotional
experience.
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2. James-Lange theory
Body = emotion
“Without the bodily states following on the perception, the latter would be purely cognitive in form; pale, colorless, destitute of emotional warmth. We might then see the bear, and judge it best to run... But we should not actually feel afraid.” (William James, 1890)
James, 1890, v. 2, p. 449 (Gleitman)
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2. James-Lange theory
Testing the theory: Hypothesis 1: You need the body in order
to feel emotions. Test: Interview people with high vs. low
spinal cord injuries
High spinal cord injury: “Sometimes I act angry... But it doesn’t have the
heat to it that it used to. It’s a mental kind of anger.”
Hohman, 1966, pp. 150-151 (Carlson)
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2. James-Lange theory
Situation bodily reaction emotion
FEAR
LOVE?
or
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Facial Feedback Theory
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Facial-Feedback
Stimuls invokes physiological arousal including movement of facial muscles
Brain interprets facial expression which gives rise to your emotion
Sequence Stimulus (See snake) Make a face (fearful) Brain reads face Emotion (fear)
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Cannon Bard Theory
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Cannon-Bard Theory
Proposed that an emotion-triggering stimulus and the
body's arousal take place
simultaneously.
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Cannon-Bard Theory
See snake, run and fear simultaneous Stimulus to thalamus -- sends simultaneous
messages to: Lymbic system (arousal) Cortex (fear)
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Two Factor Theory
Schechter-Singer Theory
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Schachter-Singer Theory Two-Factor Theory
suggests our physiology and
cognitions create emotions.
Emotions have two factors–
physical arousal and cognitive
label.
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3. The Schachter theory
Situation bodily reaction emotion
+ cognitive appraisal
FEAR
LOVE
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3. The Schachter theory
Testing the theory: Hypothesis: The same bodily reaction
will cause one emotion in one situation, and another emotion in a different situation. Give people a dose of adrenaline; Put them in different situations; What happens?
FEAR LOVE
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Opponent Process Theory
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Opponent Process Theory
Opponent process theory suggests that any given emotion also has an opposed emotion. (Fear/Relief or
Sadness/Happiness) Activation of one member of
the pair automatically suppresses the opposite emotion
But the opposing emotion can serve to diminish the intensity of the initial emotion.
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Opponent-Process Theory
For example, if you are frightened by a mean dog, the emotion of fear is expressed and relief is suppressed. If the fear-causing
stimulus continues to be present, after a while the fear decreases and the relief intensifies.
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Cognitive Appraisal Theory
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Cognitive-Appraisal Theory
For an emotion to occur, it is necessary to first think about the situation.
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Cognition Can Define EmotionAn arousal response to one event spills over into our response to the next event. Spill over effect
Arousal from a soccer match can fuel anger, which may lead to rioting.
Arousal fuels emotion, cognition channels it.
AP Photo/ N
ati Harnik
Reuters/ C
orbis
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Cognition and Emotion
What is the connection between how we think (cognition) and how we feel (emotion)?
Can we change our emotions by changing our thinking?
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Non-Verbal Communication
http://psychology.about.com/od/nonverbalcommunication/tp/nonverbaltips.htm
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Detecting Lies WS
Read and annotate the excerpt about Detecting Lies
Identify 5 involuntary and voluntary facial expressions