Monday, December 15th 2014

Daily Objective: By the end of today, you should be able to…

•Describe the function of components of essential structures within cells

Entrance task:Please complete the following diagram in your notebook:

(Hint: Pg. 193-194)

Prokaryote Eukaryote

Cells: The basic unit of lifeProkaryotes• Smaller than Eukaryotes• Have membranes and

cytoplasm• Do have DNA• NO NUCLEUSEx. Bacteria – E. coli

Eukaryotes• Do have a nucleus• Have cell membranes and

cytoplasm• Do have DNA• Dozens of specialized

structures called organelles

Check for understanding:Do Bacteria have a nucleus? How do you know?

Cell Theory• All living things are composed of cells

• Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things

• New cells are produced from existing cells

The cell

Nucleus

Cytoskeleton

Cell Wall

Ribosomes

Mitochondria

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Ribosomes

Golgi Apparatus

Vacuoles

chloroplast

Cytoskeleton • Helps the cell maintain shape and allows the cell to move around

• Microtubules: Protein tubes that maintain the cells shape and act as tracks for organelles to move on

• Microfilaments: fibers for movement and support

The Cell Wall: Plant Cells Only

Provides support and protection for the cell

• Nucleus: Controls most cell processes and contains the hereditary info of DNA

• Nucleolus: assembles ribosomes

• Nuclear envelope: membrane around the nucleus

• Chromatin: DNA wrapped around proteins

• Chromosomes: condensed chromatin

Ribosomes: Where Proteins are Made!

• Ribosomes can be

found on the

rough e.r. and

floating freely in

the cytoplasm

The main job of a pancreas cell is to make proteins. Do you think a pancreas cell has a high number of ribosomes or a low number of ribosomes?

Endoplasmic Reticulum• Rough: Components

of the membrane are assembled and proteins are modified

Ex. Membrane proteins

• Smooth: not covered in ribosomes and performs specialized tasks such as synthesis of lipids (cell membrane)

Golgi Apparatus: Proteins from the Rough E.R. move here

• Attaches carbs. and lipids to the protein then sends it on its way to where it is going

Vacuoles• Storage: water, salts, proteins, and

carbohydrates• Smaller vacuoles are often called vesicles

Chloroplasts: use energy from sunlight to make glucose (photosynthesis)

Mitochondria: Use energy from food to make energy for the cell (ATP)

LYSOSOME

• Contains ENZYMES• Digests Macromolecules• Engulf other food

particles• Can digest old or broken

down organelles.

Centrioles

• Organize cell division

HOMEWORK TIIIIIIIIME!!!!

Tuesday, December 16th 2014

Daily Objective: By the end of today, you should be able to…

YOU DO NOT HAVE TO WRITE THIS TODAY

•Describe the function of components of essential structures within cells•Identify important organelles

Entrance task:Have out your study method

materials and explain your method to one other person. Also, have your book open to page 206 and 207 so that you can be ready and studying. TOMORROW’s QUIZ WILL BE ON CELL THEORY, PROKS and EUKS, and ORGANELLES

WHAT ARE WE DOING TODAY?

An assessment with training wheels…

FOR YOUR BENEFIT.

Your first assessment is TOMORROW

Your cards are due TOMORROW

Individual Study Project

• Project goals: Design and implement a method of personal study to help increase knowledge of chapter 7 concepts.

• Examples: Notecards, foldables, cell phone app, anything else that meets the requirements

• Requirements: • _______ The project must have some kind of prediction piece

to it• _______ Organelle name• _______ Organelle Function• _______ Drawn picture of the organelle• _______ COLORED picture of the organelle• _______ Analogy for each with explanation (ex: the vacuole

is like a storage locker because they both store excess things)

• Due date: ½ completed by Monday, All Due Tuesday, • There will be a quiz on identifying organelles, their

functions, proks and euks, and the cell theory on TUESDAY

Wednesday, December 17th 2014

Daily Objective: By the end of today, you should be able to…

Describe the structure and function of the plasma membrane

Entrance task:Have out your study cards TO

STUDY…Please do not be working on them if they are not finished.

You have 7 minutes of study time.

When you are finished…

Please READ and OUTLINE (my style) pages 203-205 on cell walls and boundaries.

Have out your organelle cards and be studying them please.

The cell membrane regulates what enters and leaves the cell

and provides protection and support

The cell takes in food and water and eliminates wastes through the

membrane

Cell Membrane

Name:Phosphate HEAD ---->

Lipid/fatty acid tail -->

To allow for charged, polar, or large molecules to pass through the membrane there must be a carrier protein that acts like a tunnel for the movement of these molecules into and out of a cell. They are called Protein Channels

Lipid Bilayer

Lipid bilayer is a double layered sheet of phospholipids. The phosphate heads point outward and while the fatty acid tails point inward. PG. 204

For the rest of class, I would like you to draw and label figure 7-13 on page 204. Be sure to include detail!

The long lipid tails are hydrophobic, so they only allow small hydrophobic molecules to diffuse through (like CO2 and O2).

They prevent large or polar or charged molecules from passing through.

To allow for charged, polar, or large molecules to pass through the membrane there must be a carrier protein that acts like a tunnel for the movement of these molecules into and out of a cell. They are called Protein Channels

H2O

H2O

To allow for charged, polar, or large molecules to pass through the membrane there must be a carrier protein that acts like a tunnel for the movement of these molecules into and out of a cell. They are called Protein Channels

Concentration of a solution is the mass of solute in a given volume of solution

Example: if you dissolve 12 grams of salt into 3 liters of water or 12g/3liters or 4g/1liter

DiffusionDiffusion causes many substances to move across a cell membrane but does not require the cell to use energy

See figure 7-15, Pg. 209

OsmosisOsmosis is the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Water molecules will move a cross the membrane until there is an even concentration on both sides. This is known as Equilibrium.

Osmotic Pressure

Osmotic PressureHypertonic Solutions – the concentration of

dissolved materials is greater in the solution around the cell. Water leaves the cell to dilute the surrounding water/solution.

Hypotonic Solutions – the concentration of dissolved materials is less in the solution then inside the cell. Water moves into the cell to dilute the concentration of cell.

Isotonic Solutions – A solution with a concentration of dissolved materials roughly equal to those in the cell

Friday, December 20th, 2013

Daily Objective: By the end of today, you should be able to:

•Describe the differences between passive and active membrane transport

Entrance task:Describe the difference between the words active and passive.

Diffusion the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Osmotic Pressure

Check your understanding:

Would a very large bulky molecule such as glucose be able to cross the membrane by diffusion?

Why or Why not?

What is a “concentration gradient?”

Facilitated DiffusionA process that uses a membrane protein

as a channel to allow molecules to move in and out of the cell

This process requires no extra energy from the cell but it is still diffusion so molecules still move from a high concentration to a low concentration

Monday, January 6th, 2014

Daily Objective: By the end of today, you should be able to:

•Describe the differences between passive and active membrane transport

Entrance task:Please have out your book open to page 208 and re read through the “Think about it” section

Items to addressHomeworkTestsFinals

Tuesday, January 7th, 2014

Daily Objective: By the end of today, you should be able to:

•Explain how mulitcellular organisms maintain homeostasis

Entrance task:Please have out your homework assignment packet and a red pen

Get together and share within your group…

Get together and share with your numbers…

1. ______ Diffusion

2. ______ Facilitated diffusion

3. ______ Endocytosis

4. ______ Exocytosis

5. ______ ATP

6. ______ Active Transport

7. ______ Osmosis

A. Natural spreading of particles through a liquid or gas (high concentration to low concentration)

B. Movement of large substances into the cell

C. Diffusion of larger or polar substances through a protein channel

D. High-energy molecule used by cells

E. Cell uses energy to move substances into the cell

F. Diffusion of water into or out of a cell

G. Movement of large substances out of the cell

Wednesday, January 8th, 2014

Daily Objective: By the end of today, you should be able to:You do not need to rewrite

•Explain how multicellular organisms maintain homeostasis

Entrance task:Describe what HOMEOSTASIS is, using your book. (page 214)

HOMEOSTASIS

Maintaining relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions

PROKARYOTES/EUKARYOTES/UNICELLULAR/MULTICELLULAR

ALL DO IT!!

How???

Organizing Cells

• A unicellular organism performs all of its life functions by itself.

• Can be prokaryotic or eukaryotic• Adaptable to environments

•In a multi-cellular organisms, the cells all depend on each other to help carry out the life functions of the organism.

DIFFERENT CELLS HAVE DIFFERENT ROLES

CELL

SPECIALIZATION

Tissues

• A group of cells which do the same sort of work.

• The cells in a tissue may look alike.• 4 main types of human tissue:

1. Connective (Blood, adipose, bone)2. Muscle3. Nervous4. Epithelial

Organ

•A structure made up of different types of tissue that work together to do a particular job.

•Examples: heart, lungs, skin, etc.

Monday, January 13th, 2014

Daily Objective: By the end of today, you should be able to…

•Identify strengths and weaknesses in Semester 1 content

Entrance task:Please write a short TRUTHFUL

statement about what you do to study for an exam in my class. Then write a few sentences about your study habits in general.

Finals??What finals do you have? Which finals do you need to ask your teachers

about?How will you prepare for them?

THIS WEEK:- a short lab- Notebook check- Independent review time- Class Review time

Test Corrections

Write out the whole questionWrite out the correct answerWrite out what page you can find the

correct answerWrite out what you learned/what you did

incorrectly

COMPLETE EVERY MISSED QUESTION

Come in and have a seat pleaseHave out your notebook, text book and

come up and grab a vocab sheet if you do not already have one.

Have out a highlighter if you have one

VOCAB35 words due by THURSDAYChronologicalPrioritize

MAY EITHER WORK ON TEST CORRECTIONS OR VOCAB TODAY

Tomorrow: Question practice