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Mon., Feb. 24, 1969 CORTLAND STANDARD Page 15

David R. Scott Will be Life Guard on Apollo 9 EDITOR'S XOTE—Three as.

tronauts are scheduled to be launched into space on Feb. 28 in another step toward the goal of landing U.S. spacemen on the moon by mid-1969. The Apollo 9 mission, probably the most complex of the manned flights yet. will test the lunar module which eventually will take as-tronauts to the moon's surface. The following third of three arti-cles tells of Lt. Col. David R. Scott's part in the historic mis-sion.

By PAUL RECER AP Aerospace Writer

SPACE CENTER, Houston (AP) — David R. Scott, car-rying a burden unlike any man before, will be the life, guard on Apollo 9, standing a lonely vigil of safety for his crew mates as they test the untried lunar mod-ule. ". Scott, a 36-year-old Air Force lieutenant colonel, remains in {he command and service mod-ule, CSM on Apollo 9 while Air Force Col. James A. McDivitt and Russell L. Schweickart board the lunar .module in space and fly up to 100 miles away

from the mother ship in a ren-dezvous manuever.

Should the lunar module, or LEM, malfunction, the lives of McDivitt and Schweickart will depend on the decisions Scott makes and on how well he is ahje to perform a complex res-cue.

"When we are separated," said McDivitt, speaking of the solo flight of LEM during the mission, "Dave has a lot more responsibility than anyone's probably ever had before . . . He has to be able to evaluate any critical situation which might arise in his spacecraft and weigh the risk of his life in rescuing us against tbe certain loss of our lives . . . He's placet! in a position that a lot of people don't really appreciate."

Scott is the command module pilot on Apollo 9, the 10-day space flight scheduled for launch Feb. 28. The mission is in earth orbit, but it's a major stepping stone to the moon be-cause it will verify the design of the lunar module.

Scott's job will be the least spectacular of the Apollo 9 trio. He has no extravehicular activi-

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ty, or space walk, as does Schweickart. Nor will he trans-fer to the LEM while its docked with the CSM, as wi.l both Schweickart and McDivitt.

But the success of the mission rests very heavily on Scott.

His first major job after Appl-lo 9 is launched into space is to separate the command module from the S4B, the third launch booster stage. He'll then fly the CSM out a few feet, turn around and return, nose first, to the booster stage.

Nestled in the end of the S4B is the LEM. Scott's job is to poke a probe on the nose of his command module into a 39-inch cone, called a drogue, covering a docking collar on the LEM.

If his marksmanship is good, the spacecrafts will lock togeth-er. Scott will "put it in reverse" and back away from the S4B, extracting the LEM now locked on the nose of the cone-shaped CSM.

This must be done properly before anything else in the flight is possible.

Then, 40 hours after the flight starts, Scott becomes the "gate keeper" for McDivitt and Schweickart. Scott will be in charge of removing and replac-ing the drogue, the probe and the CSM hatch. When he removes the heavy equipment, it opens a tunnel to the LEM. When he replaces them, the two spacrcraft become separate ve-hicles' again, although still locked together.

Scott will have to wrestle with this equipment six times during the next three days of the flight.

Just before the start of their fifth day into the mission, Mc-Divitt and Schweickart move over to the LEM through the tunnel for their fifth trip be-tween the two vehicles.

The pair power up the LEM, give Scott the green light, and the command module pilot re-tracts the probe and moves the CSM about 30 feet away from the LEM, now flying by itself for the-first time.

LEM's first solo is a rough simulation of the job it was de-signed to do—carry two men from a mother ship orbiting the moon down to the lunar surface, something this country hopes to do in June or July.

But in Apollo 9, LEM will be flying where it was not designed to fly. The lightweight craft was built for lunar orbit, not earth orbit, and it is not equipped to survive a re-entry into earth's atmosphere. If it gets in trouble in earth orbit, LEM must return to the CSM OP its crewmen per-ish.

Only Scott, flying the heavy command module designed for an earth landing, can prevent disaster if LEM falters.

Like most birds first leaving their nest, LEM tests its wings in easy stages.

"Mama bird", theCSM and Scott, makes the first move. Scott fires a small thrust toward the earth, causing the CSM to move ahead and below the LEM. This creates an"equiper-iod" orbital path, which means the spacecrafts would move back together automatically at the end of one orbit. Should LEM falter early, the "life guard" would be at hand within 90 minutes.

But if LEM is still healthy halfway through the orbit, Mc-Divitt will fire the descent en-gine. This burn moves the LEM orbit up to 12.6 miles from the CSM at the farthest point, but would still return it to within

NEWS NOTES MELBOURNE (AP) — Nobel

prize-winning scientist Sir MacFarlane Burnet said today Australia would become tne technological satellite of tnc United States and "in all proba-bility all science and intensive industries would be under American control from 1988 on-wards."

Burnet, who was discussing Australia's graduate training after 1980 said it was inevitable that men of very high techno-logical and managerial potential would be attracted from Austra-lia to the United States.

TAIPEI (AP) — A group that represents 500.000 Chinese Pro-testants on Formosa has ap-pealed to Italian and Canadian officials to try to dissuade their governments from recognizing Communist China.

Dr. Chen Wei-ping, chairman of the Churches Union, made the appeal in telegrams to Pre-mier Aldo Moro of Italy and Premier Ernest Manning of Canada's Alberta Province.

The cable said Chinese Chris-tians were "deeply grieved that your great country is consider-ing recognizing the evil, de-structive and anti-God govern-ment in Peking."

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3.2 miles of tie mother ship af-ter one orbit.

If all is well, then another de-scent engine burns places LEM in an orbit parallel to that of Scott and the CSM, but farther out in space.

Since the LEM is farther from earth, it will be orbiting more slowly and will fall behind the CSM at the rate of 71 miles an hour.

When the distance widens to 86 miles, McDivitt separates the ascent stage of the LEM from the descent stage, a manuever similar to that of astronauts flying from the surface of the moon. The ascent engine is fired, kicking LEM into an orbit 11.5 miles below the CSM and 86 miles behind.

Another burn puts LEM into a parallel orbit with the CSM, but this time between the mother ship and earth. This causes LEM to speed up and it begins to catch up with the CSM at the rate of 69 miles an tiour.

In less than an hour, LEM is only 23 miles behind and 11.5 miles below. At this point, Mc-Divitt fires the LEM reaction control thrusters and hurtles his flimsy craft on a collision course with the CSM. He slams

on the brakes, forward thrusting rockets, and drifts to within a few feet of the CSM. The ren-dezvous is completed and the LEM docks.

Scott, the life guard, the one link to safety, is not waiting idly for the young bird to return home during the six hours of rendezvous manuevering.

After the first separation burn, Scott plots manuevers which would be a "mirror im-age" to those planned by the LEM.

Should the LEM fail to fire any of its planned burns at the correct time, Scott has 60 sec-onds to fire a "mirror image" burn. This would leave the spacecraft in the planned rela-tive positions, and the LEM, if it has corrected its malfunction, could carry on with the rest of the rendezvous.

If the LEM is still disabled, Scott would do all of the rest of *he rendezvous burns bringing the spacecrafts together. This would enable him to rescue his teammates aboard the disabled LEM.

In effect, Scott will be doing everything that would be re-quired of the command module pilot if he were actually per-

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forming fee rendezvous himself ters unless the LEM is disabled. CSM, the most complicated The only difference is that he And at the same time, Scott flying machine ever made by will not light his rocket thrus- must control and monitor the man.

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