moles are happy as homes go underground
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第六小组 郭林聪 晋志超 李回贵 商 鹏 闫 潮. Moles Are Happy As Homes Go Underground. Common underground buildings. Moles Are Happy As Homes Go Underground. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Moles Are Happy As Homes Go Underground
第六小组郭林聪晋志超李回贵商 鹏闫 潮
Common underground buildings
Moles Are Happy As Homes Go Underground
The first time anybody knew about Dutchman Frank Siegmund and his family was when workmen tramping through a field found a narrow steel chi-mney protruding through the grass. Closer inspe-ction revealed a chink of sky-light window among the thistles, and when amazed investigators moved down the side of the hill they came across a pine door complete with leaded diamond glass and a brass knocker set into an underground building. The siegmunds had managed to live undetected for six years outside the border town of Breda, in Holland. They are the latest in a clutch of individualistic homemakers who have burrowed underground in search of tranquility.
幸福家园转入地下当工人们第一次步行穿过一片田野，看到一个耸立在草丛中的狭长铁烟囱时，人们才第一次知道了荷兰人弗兰克西格蒙德和他的家。更仔细的观察后，人们发现蒺藜丛中隐约透出一线天窗。当惊讶的人们走到山的这一侧的时候，还意外地发现了一扇整个镶嵌着菱形玻璃的松木门，门上嵌着一个黄铜门环。这便是西格蒙德房子的入口了。西格蒙德一家成功的在荷兰的边陲小镇布雷达隐居了六年。他们当属于最早一批为了追求宁静而自行开辟隐秘住所的人。
Moles Are Happy As Homes Go Underground
Most, falling foul of strict building regulations, have been forced to dismantle their individual-istic homes and return to more conventional lifestyles. But subterranean suburbia, Dutch-style, is about to become respectable and chic. Seven luxury homes cosseted away inside a high earth-covered noise embankment next to the main Tilburg city road recently went on the market for $296,500 each. The foundations had yet to be dug, but customers queued up to buy the unusual part—submerged houses, whose back wall consists of a grassy mould and whose front is a long glass gallery.
幸福家园转入地下大多数违反了苛刻的建房规章的人，被强行拆除他们具有独特风格的房子，而回归到较为常规的建筑风格。但是在偏僻的郊区，这种荷兰风格的房子正在受到人们的追捧，并成为一种时髦。七套建在毗邻蒂尔堡市闹市区主干道旁边的深为人们喜爱的奢侈房，市面上的价格已经达到 296,500 美元一套了。房子的地基还没开始挖，顾客们已经开始排队购买这一批部分隐没于地下，后墙覆盖着青草，前面是玻璃长廊的的房子了。
Moles Are Happy As Homes Go Underground
The Dutch are not the only would-be moles. Growing numbers of Europeans are burrowing below ground to create houses, offices, discos and shopping malls. It is already proving a way of life in extreme climate; in winter months in Montreal, Canada, for instance, citizens can escape the cold in an underground complex complete with shops and even health clinics. In Tokyo builders are planning a massive under-ground city to be begun in the next decade, and underground shopping malls are already com-mon in Japan, where 90 percent of the populati-on is squeezed into 20 percent of the landscape.
幸福家园转入地下荷兰人不是唯一的想要成为在地下生活的人民。逐渐增加的欧洲人挖掘地下来建造房子、公司、迪斯科舞厅和大商场。这已经证明是一种在极端气候下的生活方式；例如，在加拿大蒙特利尔的冬天，市民可以在地下包含有商店甚至保健室的综合设施里来躲避寒冷；在东京，建筑师正计划在未来的十年内建造一座大规模的地下城市，在90%的人口拥挤在地下 20%的地方的日本，地下商店很普遍。
Moles Are Happy As Homes Go Underground
Building big commercial buildings underground can be a way to avoid disfiguring or threatening a beautiful or "environmentally sensitive" land-scape. Indeed many of the buildings which con-sume most land—such as cinemas, warehouses or libraries—have no need to be on the surface since they do not need windows.
幸福家园转入地下建造大型的地下商业建筑是一种避免损坏或是威胁到一个漂亮或是环境易受破坏的地方的方法。实际上很多消耗大量土地面积的建筑物，例如电影院、仓库、或者图书馆，没有必要建造在地表上，因为这些建筑不需要窗户。
Moles Are Happy As Homes Go Underground
There are big advantages, too, when it comes to private homes. A development of 194 houses which would take up 14 hectares of land above ground would occupy 2.7 hectares below it, while the number of roads would be halved. Under several metres of earth, noise is minimal and insulation is excellent. "We get 40 to 50 enquiries a week," says peter Carnenter, sec-retary of the British Earth Sheltering Association, which builds similar homes in Britain. "People see this as a way of building for the future." An underground dweller himself, Carpenter has never paid a heating bill, thanks to solar panels and natural insulation.
幸福家园转入地下当涉及到私人住宅时，这同样有很大的优势。一个拥有 194间房屋的住宅小区需要占用 14公顷的地表面积，而只需占用 2.7公顷的地下面积，与此同时公路的数量也将减半。在地下几米，噪音最低而且绝缘性也是极好的。一个星期有四五十个人向我们打听这件事，彼特卡彭特这样说。他是英国地面覆盖组织的秘书长，在英国建造了一座相似的家。人们把这个看作是将来的建筑样式。作为一个地下居民，由于有与地面的隔绝和太阳能电池板，卡彭特从没有付过暖气费。
Moles Are Happy As Homes Go Underground
In Europe ， the obstacle has been conservative local authorities to ensure quick sales with conventional mass produced housing. But the Dutch development was greeted with undis-guised relief by South Limburg planners bec-ause of Holland's chronic shortage of land. It was the Tilburg architect Jo HurkMans who hit on the idea of making use of noise embank-ments on main roads. His two- floored, four —
bedroomed, two — bathroomed detached homes are now taking shape.
幸福家园转入地下 在欧洲，地下建住房的障碍主要来自保守的地方政府和开发商，他们更喜欢建造大批量传统的房子来保证快速销售。因为长期土地的缺乏，南方 林堡计划毫不掩饰的迎接荷兰的发展救助计划。提尔堡建筑师乔 .汉格曼提出了在主要道路上利用噪声路堤的想法。他的住房有两层，包括四个卧室，两个浴室，现在初建规模。所有的光穿过前面的玻璃，通过二层的天花板到地面。不需要很多自然光的地区都在背面，日常起居生活都在前面，所以没有人注意后面是黑的。
Moles Are Happy As Homes Go Underground
"All the light will come through the glass front, which runs from the second floor ceiling to the ground. Areas which do not need much natural lighting are at the back. The living accommodation is to the front so nobody notices that the back is dark."
幸福家园转入地下“所有的光穿过前面的玻璃，通过二层的天花板到地面。不需要很多自然光的地区都在背面，日常起居生活都在前面，所以没有人注意后面是黑的。”
Moles Are Happy As Homes Go Underground
In the Us, where energy- efficient homes be-came popular after the oil crisis of 1973, 10,000 underground houses have been built. A terrace of five homes, Britains's first subterranean arch-itecture is the Olivetti residential centre in Ivrea. Commissioned by Roberto Olivetti in 1969, it comprises 82 one-bedroomed apartments and 12 maisonettes and forms a house/hotel for oliventti employees. It is built into a hill and little can be seen form outside except a glass facade. Patnzia Vallecchi, a resident since 1992, says it is little different from living in a conventional apartment.
幸福家园转入地下在美国， 1973年的石油危机之后，能源效率家庭开始普遍起来， 10000户地下房屋被建造。在英国的诺丁汉郡五个家庭阳台，是首次地下工作的发展。意大利最突出的地下建筑就是伊夫雷亚的住宅中心。它在 1969 年分配给了罗伯托好利，其中包括 82个单人间，还有 12 个小公寓，为好利的员工提供了充裕的空间。它建在一座山上，是传统的房屋不可见的。 Patnzia Vallecchi，一个从 1992 年开始的居民，说它和传统的公寓相比只有一点点不同。
Moles Are Happy As Homes Go Underground
Not everyone adapts so well, and in Japan scientist at the Shimizu Corporation have de-veloped "space creation" systems which mix light, sounds, breezes and scents to stimulate people who spend long periods below ground. Underground offices in Japan are being equipped with "virtual" windows and mirrors, while underground departments in the University of Minnesota have periscopes to reflect views and light.
幸福家园转入地下不是每个人都能接受它，在日本清水公司的科学家们开发了一种融合光，声，触觉，嗅觉空间创造系统以激励久居地下的人。在日本，地下办公楼也配备了虚拟的窗户和镜子，同时明尼苏达州大学也在地下公寓安有潜望镜用来反射光芒。
Moles Are Happy As Homes Go Underground
But Frank Siegmund and his family love their hobbit lifestyle. Their home evolved when he dug a cool room for his bakery business in a hill he had created. During a heat wave they took to sleeping there. "We felt at peace and so close to nature," he says. "Gradually I began adding to the rooms." It sounds strange but we are so close to the earth we draw strength form its vibrations. Our children love it; not every child can boast of being watched through their playroom windows by rabbits.
幸福家园转入地下但是法兰克西格蒙德和他的家人热爱他们的生活方式。当他在一个山丘上为自己的面包生意挖掘冷库时他们的房子发展起来了。后来在天气热的时候，他们睡到里面。 他说， “我感觉内心平静，并且能和自然亲密接触，慢慢的我喜欢沉溺于这间房子。我们从地球的颤抖中感觉到他的力量，这听起来很奇怪但是我们很接近它。我们的孩子喜爱它，并不是每个孩子能够以通过他们玩耍的空间看到兔子而自豪。
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