modulperfectscoresbpphysicsspm2014skema-141015073314-conversion-gate01.doc

8/20/2019 modulperfectscoresbpphysicsspm2014skema-141015073314-conversion-gate01.doc

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PERFECTSCOREMODULE

Sekolah

Berasrama

Penuh

Kementerian

PelajaranMalaysia

2!

" #$ME% &&&&&&&&&&''&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&'

SC(OOL&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&''

PHYSICS

Beyond


2/23

‘TOGETHER we must succeed, TOGETHER we will succeed‘

)P(*S+CS PERFECT SCORE, SEKOL$( BER$SR$M$ PE#U( 2014

A+

Page 2

TEACHERSEDITION


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MAKLUMAT MODUL

• Mo-ul ini men.an-un.i 2 /aha.ian% Section A -an Section B

• Section A 0 soalan aneka 1ilihan untuk men.uji 1en.uasaan konse1 1elajar men.ikut

to1ik'

• Section B 0 soalan konstruk keahaman -an 1enyelesaian masalah kuantitati se/a.ai

1en.ukuhan -an 1en.ayaan konse1 yan. -ikenal1asti lemah /er-asarkan ujian

1en.uasaan konse1 -alam Section A

• Section B 0 kemahiran asas matematik 3 sains

Keper!"n B"#"n

!' Mo-ul )Physi4s Pere4t S4ore Beyon- $5, 2!" 6men.uji 1en.uasaan konse1 -an

1emanta1an kemahiran7

2' Mo-ul )Physi4s Pere4t S4ore 2!8, 61en.ayaan7

8' )Fli1 /oar-,3,9hite /oar-, ke4il3 3kertas mahjon.

"' )Marker 1en,

:' La/el kum1ulan (cadangan: mengikut topik seagai ‘e!pe"t g"oup#$

;' $lat ra-as 6jika 1erlu7

CARTA ALIR PELAKSANAAN PRO$RAM 6Minimum !


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SECTION CONTENT P"%e

A Dia.nosti4 Test 0 $ns9er = $nalysis & ' (

B 1) For4e = Motion *

Page &

1 ", -0 ,.n./(pemili'an item adala'mengikut kelema'an

pelaa" dan dialankanseagai p"a uian$

1& ,.n./

2 ", 1& ,.n./

Minimum 6 jam (mengikut

kelemahan pelajar)

Ujian Dia.nostik 6Se4tion $7

Semak i-u

Per/in4an.an soalan Dia.nostik/ersama ?uru /er-asarkan to1ik yan. -ikenal1asti

lemah

Ber-asarkan Analisis Skor @ 1elajar men.enal1astitajuk yan. /elum -ikuasai

Pelajar -i/aha.ikan ke1a-a kum1ulan men.ikut to1ikyan. /elum -ikuasai

PEM$#T$P$#Per/in4an.an -i -alam kum1ulan soalan 1a-a

Se4tion B 6men.ikut to1ik 1alin. lemah yan.

-ikenal1asti melalui $nalisis Skor7

Sessi 1em/entan.an 3 Perkon.siankonse13kemahiran

Pen%"y""nLatihan men..unakan Mo-ul Pere4t S4ore 2!8

men.ikut kemahiran6men.ikut kesesuaian sekolah7


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Aner or

En#"n3e,e

n/ !e/.on

2) For4e an- Pressure 5

-) (eat 10

4) Li.ht 12

&) Aa>es 1&

6. Ele4tri4ity 1(

7. Ele4troma.netism 1*

8. Ele4troni4s 15

6) Ra-ioa4ti>ity 20

PHYSICS PER7ECT SCORE 2014 PANELS

#OR S$+D$( BT ($SS$# Kolej Tunku Kurshiah 6TKC76 (ea- o Panels 7

($SL+#$ BT +SM$+L SMS (ulu Selan.or 6SEM$S(UR7


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!e/.on

AnerN!,


7/23



!e/.on

AnerN!,


8/23



No Aner P#y.3 Con3ep/@Pr.n3.pe@L"

$t t s an- o/je4t is stationary at some1osition an- remains stationary until t 2s 9hen it /e.ins a44eleratin.' +ta44elerates in a 1ositi>e -ire4tion or 2se4on-s until t "s an- then tra>els at a4onstant >elo4ity or a urther 2 se4on-s.

2

a '2o

/

4 "':" #

8Constant s1ee-@ resultant or4e F " ; sin 2: F 28': #

2) 7or3e "nd Pre!re


! 6a7 $ir 1ressure in the sti4ker -e4rease' (a>e the -ierent /et9een 1ressure in the 1um1an- the air 1ressure surroun-in.'

$tmos1heri4 1ressureDieren4e in 1ressure

Page -


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The or4e is 1ro-u4e For4e G mirror 9ei.ht6/7 mirror 9ei.ht HI. 2': J ! 8 J !': J ': J '! J! !': #

2

!' S1innin. /all mo>in. in the o11osite -ire4tion9ith air o9 at the u11er sura4e !2' S1innin. /all mo>in. in the same -ire4tion 9ithair o9 at the lo9er sura4e !8' Lo9er sura4e s1ins more aster than the u11ersura4e o the /all !

Bernoulli,s 1rin4i1le

8

6a7 !' Column o mer4ury in Dia.ram 6/7 is lo9er 2' $t hi.her altitu-e@ num/er o air mole4ulesare smaller 8' Pressure eJerte- /y the air mole4ules issmaller

6/7 !' Mer4ury 4olumn /e4ome lo9er 2' ?as 1ressure insi-e the tu/e 1ush themer4ury

$tmos1heri4 1ressureSim1le mer4ury /arometre

"

6a7 !' Ru//er tu/e is lle- 9ith 9ater 2' Pla4e the en- tu/e N lo9er than P 8' Pressure at P /i..er than N

"' Aater o9s rom N /e4ause there is-ieren4e in 1ressure6/7 N is at same le>el 9ith P Or N hi.her than P

Dieren4e in 1ressure$tmos1heri4 1ressure

:

6a7!' Measure the mass o the ne4kla4e2' Measure the >olume o the ne4kla4e

8' Pla4e the ne4kla4e in the 9ater' Iolume o 9ater -is1la4e- is measure- /y measurin.4ylin-er

"' >olume o ne4kla4e >olume o 9ater

-is1la4e-:' Density o the ne4kla4e mass3>olume

6/7!' -ensity V

m

cm320

g265 !8'2: . 4m8

2' Per4enta.e 3.27

25.13 J ! "':

8' The ne4kla4e -iamon- is not .enuine

$r4hime-es, 1rin4i1le-ensity

;

!' The /est time is early mornin.2' The 4ool air is -enser8' More air mole4ules 4an /e -is1la4e-"' Pro-u4e- more /uoyant or4e

The /alloon 4an rise hi.her

Buoyant or4e-ensity

!' Ahen or4e is eJerte- on Piston $@ 1ressure is1ro-u4e- 6PF3$72' Pressure 9ill /e transmitte- uniormly an-eQually in all 1arts o the en4lose- oil8' +t o/eys Pas4al La9"' The same 1ressure eJerte- on /i..er area@Piston B 9ill 1ro-u4e /i..er or4e 6FP J $7

6/7

FB 6 F$ $B7 ÷ 6$$7

6: × !:7 ÷ 627 8: #

$$ × D$ $B× DB 2 × 2! !: × DB

Pas4al 1rin4i1leFor4e multi4ation

F!3$! F23$2

Page .


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DB 2 4m

!' Ahen the 4at4h is still in the 9ater@ the/uoyant or4e is /i..er2' Ahen the 4at4h is .ettin. out rom the 9ater@the >olume o o/je4t immerse is smaller8' The >olume o 9ater -is1la4e- also smaller@thus the 9ei.ht o 9ater -is1la4e- is .ettin.smaller"' The /uoyant or4e is eQual to the 9ei.ht o 9ater

-is1la4e-:' The /uoyant or4e is smaller an- the 4at4heels hea>ier

Relationshi1 /et9een Bouyantor4e an- -e1th o o/je4timmerse-

!' ?as o9s out throu.h the jet 9ith hi.h >elo4ity2' $44or-in. to Bernoulli,s Prin4i1le@ hi.h >elo4ity9ill1ro-u4e lo9 1ressure at the noles o the jet8' (i.her atmos1heri4 1ressure 1ushes the airinsi-e the 4ylin-er trou.h the ori4e"' The air 9ill miJ 9ith the .as an- 4om1lete4om/ustion 9ill o44ur

Bernoulli,s 1rin4i1le

-) He"/ 14 ' 24

Page /0


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No ANS:ER Con3ep/@Pr.n3.pe

!

!' Ahen tem1erature in4reases@ the a>era.e kineti4 ener.y

in4reases

2' Rate o 4ollision /et9een the air mole4ules an- 9all o the tire

also in4reases'

8' Rate o 4han.e o momentum in4reases

"' For4e eJerte- 1er unit are a in4rease@ so the air 1ressurein4reases'

Pressure La9

2

6a7 P.as : 5 2: ! 4m (.6/7 6i7 Ahen the .as is 4oole- -o9n@ the kineti4 ener.y o

the .as -e4reases@ re-u4in. the rate o 4ollision

/et9een the .as mole4ules an- the 4ontainer@

there or e 1ressure re-u4e-'6ii7 T! !2 5 28 8 K P! ! 4m (. P2 :

4m (. TO 8 J : : K !

6iii7 Pressure La9

Pressure La9

P! P2 T! T2

8 8!'2:oC

"$t lo9er lan@ the -ensity o air is hi.her'

(en4e it is more -i4ult to >a1orie

S1e4i4 (eat Ca1a4ity

:

6i7 !C6ii7 mHI 6!7 6!7 !.6iii7 '2 J 8 6 !T7 '! J "2 J 6T27 T 8 C

m! C! ! m2 C2 2

;

N m4θ

6a76i7

The rate o heat transer /et9een t9o /o-ies are The same

The tem1erature o the t9o /o-ies are the same6ii7 "C6iii7 Pre>ent heat loss to surroun-in.6/76i7

(eat su11lie- /y hot metal heat re4ei>e- /y 9aterm! C! ! m2 C2 2'" JC! J 6!"7 '2 J "2J 6" 0 27'" J C! J ; '2 J "2J !2 C! "2 < k.

!C!

6ii7 (eat release- /y 9ater is a/sor/ /y the metal 33no heat loss to surroun-in.

m! C! ! m2 C2 2

$ Boyle,sLa9

6a7 6i7 The -e.ree o hotness o an o/je4t6i7 ! J !8 6!' J ;7 ': 4 6 0 27

2'; J !:


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No ANS:ER Con3ep/@Pr.n3.pe

::';oC

!

The heat is transerre- rom hot 9ater to the -ente- 1in. 1on. /all' The air tem1erature in the -ente- 1in. 1on. /all in4rease-' The air 1ressure o -ente- 1in. 1on. in4rease-'

The air 1ressure 1ushe- the 9all o the /all /a4k to its ori.inal1osition'

4) L.%#/

Page /2


13/23



#um'

$ns9er Con4e1t

!'

!' Li.ht rays an- ree4tion2' EJtra1olate an- -ra9 the ima.e

8' +n4i-ent an.le ree4te- an.le O/je4t -istan4e ima.e-istan4e

"' Chara4teristi4s o ima.e% Iirtual@ in>erte-@ same sie

The la9 o ree4tionPlane mirror

2'

!' Brin. ea4h mirror one /y one 4lose to an o/je4t an- o/ser>e

the ima.e orme- in it'

2' + the ima.e is o the same sie as that o the o/je4t an-

u1ri.ht@ the mirror is a 1lane mirror'

8' + the ima.e is hi.hly -iminishe- an- u1ri.ht@ it is a 4on>eJ

mirror

"' + the ima.e is lar.e an- u1ri.ht@ it is a 4on4a>e mirror'

4hara4teristi4s o anima.e in a 4on>eJmirror

8'

!' $ 4on>eJ mirror al9ays orms an u1ri.ht ima.e o an o/je4t

2' +t also orms a -iminishe- ima.e

8' $s a result ima.es o lar.e num/er o o/je4ts 4an /e seen in

the mirror at the same time

4. The mirror 4an /e tilte- 33 use 1hotosensors mounte- in the

mirror to -ete4t li.ht an- -im the mirror

4hara4teristi4s o anima.e in a 4on>eJmirror

"'

Use n !3sin J to .et n (c"itical angle e1uation$Use n sin i 3 sin r to .et y

y 2'" o

Rera4ti>e in-eJCriti4al an.le

Page /%

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosensorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosensor


14/23



#um'

$ns9er Con4e1t

:'

• The layers o air nearer the roa- 9armer

• The -ensity o air -e4rease nearer to the roa- sura4e'

• The li.ht tra>el rom -enser to less -ense area'

• The li.ht rera4t a9ay rom the normal• Ahen the an.le o in4i-en4e eJ4ee- the 4riti4al an.le@ total

internal ree4tion o44urs

• To the o/ser>er@ li.ht is a11earin. to 4ome in a strai.ht line

4reatin. the orm o ima.e on the roa-'

The La9s O Rera4tion

;'

Situation B

• Li.ht tra>els in strai.ht line'

• +n $@ 9hen the 4u1 is em1ty@ the e-.e o the 4u1 sto1s

o/ser>er seein. the 4oin'

• Ahen the 9ater is 1oure- into the 4u1@ the li.ht tra>els rom

o1ti4al -enser me-ium 69ater7 to less -ense me-ium 6air7'

(diag"am$

• The li.ht rera4te- a9ay an- it /en-s o>er the e-.e so the

o/ser>er 4an see the 4oin' (diag"am$

Real De1th $n-$11arent De1th

'

• Ahen a 4oin is 1la4e- un-er an em1ty /eaker@ the li.ht tra>elsrom the air .lass air the 9all o the /eaker air@

/eore it enters the o/ser>er,s eye'

• Thereore@ makin. it 1ossi/le or the o/ser>er to see the 4oin'

("a diag"am$

• Ahen the 9ater is 1oure- in the /eaker@ the li.ht tra>els rom

the air .lass 9ater the 9all o the /eaker an- throu.h

the air to the eye'

• The in-eJ o rera4tion is too .reat the li.ht rera4te- an-

/en-s an- 4han.e in an.le@ so the o/ser>er 4annot /e a/le to

see the 4oin' ("a diag"am$

' The instru4tor + a11ear to /e at hi.her 1osition -ue to rera4tion

Li.ht rera4ts to9ar-s normal as it tra>els rom less -ens me-ium

6air7 to 9ater 6-enser me-ium7

Li.ht a11ears to tra>el in strai.ht line to the s4u/a -i>er

$rro9% rom instru4tor to the o/ser>er

Page /&


15/23



#um'

$ns9er Con4e1t

'

• +n4rease the an.le o in4i-en4e@ i@ then an.le o rera4tion@ r

9ill also in4rease

• Kee1 on in4reasin. the an.le o in4i-en4e until an.le o

rera4tion is

• The an.le o in4i-en4e is 4alle- 4riti4al an.le

• +n4rease the an.le o in4i-en4e more than the 4riti4al an.le

• The ray 9ill /e ree4te-'

Criti4al $n.le an- totalinternal ree4tion

!'

!' The 4on>eJ lens is aime-3o4use- to a -istant o/je4t 6innity7

2' The s4reen is a-juste- until a shar1 ima.e is orme- on the

s4reen

8'The -istan4e /et9een the s4reen an- the lens is measure-l

"'Fo4al len.th -istan4e /et9een the s4reen an- the lens

Fo4al Point $n- Fo4alLen.th O $ Lens

!!'

Real@ in>erte-@ -iminishe-

> !: 4m

m >3u m ':

Relationshi1 Bet9eenu@ > an- Lens eQuation

!2'

By usin. a 4on>eJ lens@ 2 4m

6ray -ia.ram7 The Use O Lenses +nO1ti4al De>i4es

!8'O/je4ti>e lens% * Eye1ie4e lens% V The Use O Lenses +n

O1ti4al De>i4es

Page /)


16/23



#um'

$ns9er Con4e1t

The -ia.ram sho9s the mi4ros4o1e in normal a-justment@ that is@

9ith the nal ima.e at the near 1oint 62: 4m rom the eye7

6-istan4e D rom the eye lens7' (T'is setting gi3es t'e ma!imum

angula" si4e o5 image wit'out ee st"ain6$

&) :">e

#um'

$ns9er Con4e1t

! 2 4m s!

2

Ahen the sin.er sin.s@ she 1ro-u4es a hi.h reQuen4y soun-

The reQuen4y o the .lass eQual 9ith the reQuen4y o the sin.er,s

soun-

Both systems are in resonan4e

So the .lass 9ill os4illates at its maJimum a1litu-e an- it /reaks'

8 ! mS = vt

2

"

Ahen the 1ron.s o the tunin. ork mo>e out9ar-@ it 1ro-u4e a

re.ion o 4om1ression

Ahen the 1ron.s o the tunin. ork mo>e in9ar-@ it 1ro-u4e a

Re.ion o rarea4tion

Can-le ame in ront o a lou- s1eaker that emits soun- 9a>e

Can-le ame >i/rates or9ar- an- /a4k9ar-

Page /+


17/23



#um'

$ns9er Con4e1t

:

6a7 Trans>erse 3 Plane 9a>es6/7 Sho9 the 1ath is not /en-e- 9hen enter the shallo9 area an-

is /en-e- a9ay rom the normal line 9hen enter the -ee1area

Sho9 the 9a>elen.th is -e4rease- in shallo9 area $n- is eQual in-ee1 area

647

λ "': m 6ans9er 9ith 4orre4t unit7

() Ee3/r.3

um $ns9er Con4e1t! 6i7 I2 " I

6ii7 + 5

4 ' $

6ii7 R 8.0

2 2': Ω

I +R

2 6a7 Total resistan4e in the 4ir4uit6/7 + one /ul/ is /lo9n the other still 4an /e use-Lo9er the total resistan4eMaintain the 1otential -ieren4e same as the su11ly throu.h

The househol- a11lian4es

647 6i7 Control the s1ee- o the an 6ii7 !3r !32 5 !3625!7 W !3r !32 5 !38 W !3r :3;W

Page /


18/23



r ;3:r !'2 X!3r !32 5 !32 W !3r 232 W !3r !3!r ! X

8 6a7 #ote % The ame atten an- s1rea- out more to9ar- ne.ati>e

1late

6/7 The heat o /urnin. 4an-le 1ro-u4es 1ositi>e an- ne.ati>eions'

2 The 1ositi>e ions 9hi4h are hea>ier is 1ulle- to9ar-sne.ati>e 1late 9ith a lar.e 1ro1ortion ame

*) Ee3/ro,"%ne/

#o $ns9ers

Physi4s

Con4e1t3Prin4i1le3La9!' $ -e>i4e that transers ele4tri4al ener.y into soun-

• The 9ire rom the am1lier 4arries an alternatin. 4urrent

• The intera4tion /et9een ma.neti4 el- o the 4urrent 4arryin.4on-u4tor an- the 1ermanent ma.net 1ro-u4es or4e

• The 4oil 9hi4h 4an sli-e /a4k9ar-s an- or9ar-s o>er the 4entral1ole o a 4ir4ular 1ermanent ma.net makes the 4oil 6an-the 1a1er4one7 mo>e /a4k9ar-s an- or9ar-s

• at the same reQuen4y as the 4han.in. 4urrent'

• The 1a1er 4one then mo>es

the air /a4k9ar-s an- or9ar-s 9hi4h 4reates the soun-2' • Ahen the s9it4h is on@ the 4urrent o9s throu.h the 4o11er 9ire

• The intera4tion /et9een ma.neti4 el- o the 4urrent 4arryin.

4on-u4tor an- the 1ermanent ma.net 1ro-u4es or4e• The 4ata1ult el- is 1ro-u4e- 6-ia.ram7

• the ma.neti4 lines o or4e are 4lose to.ether near the 9ire onthe let so or4in. it to the ri.ht'

Page /-

http://www.gcsescience.com/pen21-energy-transfer-devices.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pen1-energy-joules.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pen1-energy-joules.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pwav7.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pe31.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pe31.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pme5.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pme5.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pwav7.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pwav7.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pen21-energy-transfer-devices.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pen1-energy-joules.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pwav7.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pe31.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pme5.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pme5.htmhttp://www.gcsescience.com/pwav7.htm


19/23



8'

• The -ia1hra.m is atta4he- to the 4oil'

• Ahen the -ia1hra.m >i/rates in res1onse to in4omin. soun-9a>es@

• the 4oil mo>es /a4k9ar-s an- or9ar-s 1ast the ma.net'

• This 4reates an in-u4e- 4urrent in the 4oil 9hi4h is 4hannele-

rom the mi4ro1hone alon. 9ires"' 6a7 !' Ma.net 1ushe- insi-e@ ma.neti4 uJ is 4ut /y the 9ire

2' $44or-in. to Fara-ay,s La9 YY 8' em is in-u4e- in the solenoi- "' so@ the 4urrent is in-u4e-

6/7 !' The /i..er num/er o turns@ the /i..er ma.neti4 uJ is 4ut /y

the 9ire 2' $44or-in. to Fara-ay,s La9 YY 8' The /i..er em is in-u4e- in the solenoi- "' so@ the /i..er 4urrent is in-u4e-

647 !' The /i..er s1ee-@ the rate o 4uttin. o ma.neti4 el- is/i..er 2' $44or-in. to Fara-ay,s La9 YY 8' /i..er em is in-u4e- in the solenoi- "' so@ the /i..er 4urrent is in-u4e-@ 1ointer o the .al>anometer9ill -ee4te- more

6-7 !' Ahen the # 1ole is 1ushe- into the solenoi-@ 4uttin. o ma.neti4 el- o44ur

2' The 4urrent in-u4e- 1ro-u4es north 1ole on the let si-e@ 8' so as to o11ose the on4omin. ma.net@ o/eyin. the Len,sLa9 "' + 9ill o9s in anti 4lo4k 9ise -ire4tion

+n-u4e- em +n-u4e- 4urrentFara-ay,s La9Fa4tors ae4te- in-u4e-

em Len,s la9

:' !' rotate the 4oil in 4lo4k 9ise -ire4tion2' the 4oil 4ut a4ross the ma.neti4 el-8' 4urrent is in-u4e- in the 4oil"' the 4ommutator 4han.e the -ire4tion in the 4oil so that the-ire4tion o 4urrent in eJternal 4ir4uit + al9ays the same'

.enerators

5) Ee3/ron.3 6) 46 (1

#o $ns9ers Physi4s Con4e1t3Prin4i1le3La9! 6a7

!' Ahen someone s1eaks at the mi4ro1hone@ the4urrent

1ro-u4e- o9s to the 4ir4uit2' The 4a1a4itor is use- to a>oi- -ire4t 4urrentrom /attery

to o9 throu.h the mi4ro1hone8' The 4urrent 9ill .i>e 4han.es to the ma.nitu-eo /ase 4urrent33 +B /e4ome /i..er"' Ahen +B 4han.es +C also 4han.es33 +B /i..er@ +C

also/i..er

The s1eaker 9ill 1ro-u4e /i..erau-io3am1lie-

+E +B 5 +C +C GG +B Transistor as an am1lier

Page /.


20/23



#o $ns9ers Physi4s Con4e1t3Prin4i1le3La9

6/7 Iy ! I !' IV* : I

2@ R! J ; : R! 5 !

8@ R! : X2 6a7 ! @ $#D

6/7

647

Lo.i4 .ates Truth ta/le

8!' Conne4t the -ry 4ell terminal to the *in1ut o CRO'2' The *.ain is set to a >alue so that the -ire4t4urrent 9a>e

orm -is1laye- on the s4reen CRO'

8' Determine the -istan4e 3 1art o yaJis'

"' Potential -ierent 6 *.ain s4ale7 J 6Ierti4al -istan4e o -ire4t

4urrent 9a>e7

CRO

" !' Ahen there is a re /urnin.@ R at T 8': kX Potential -ieren4e a4ross P 8: J ; 2'2 I 68: 5;7

2 Potential -ieren4e a4ross N ; J ; 8' I or 6;2'27 8' I 68: 5;7

8' Potential -ieren4e a4ross N eJ4ee- 3 .reaterthan

8'2 I@ so the transistor is un4tione-

"' The solenoi- /e4ome ma.netise-@ ? 9ill s9i4thon

an- the /ell 9ill rin.s

Potential -i>i-er Transistor as s9it4hin. 4ir4uit

:6a7

Relationshi1 R an- IEe4t to IBE ee4t to out1ut

Page 20

Q Q

R

Q

P


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#o $ns9ers Physi4s Con4e1t3Prin4i1le3La9

6/7 Durin. hot 9eather!' resistan4e at termistor -e4rease @ 1otential -ieren4e a4ross thermistor 9ill-e4rease2' Potential -ieren4e a4ross R 9ill in4rease8' This 9ill 1ro-u4e /i..er /ase 04urrent @ an- 9illin4rease

the 4olle4tor 4urrent"' Ele4tri4 relay 9ill s9it4h on the air 4on-itioner'

647 Durin. 4ol- 9eather @ resistan4e at thermistorin4rease'!' Potential -ieren4e a4ross thermistor 9illin4rease'2' Potential -ieren4e a4ross R 9ill -e4rease'8' This 9ill 1ro-u4e smaller /ase4urrent an- no4urrent

o9 in 4olle4tor 4ir4uit'"' Ele4tri4 relay 9ill s9ith o the air 4on-itioner'

;6a7 ': I

6/7

( ) Rt

Rt

+=600

95.1 OR

A I b

0125.0600

5.7==

Ω= 120 Rt

Ω== 1200125.0

5.1 Rt

64733

105.1210100 −−

×−×= Ic

A3

105.87 −×

IBE

Potential -i>i-er

+E +B 5 +C

10) R"d.o"3/.>./y

#o $ns9ersPhysi4s

Con4e1t3Prin4i1le3La9! !' Small amount o ra-ioisoto1e is 1ut in the 9ater reser>oir

2' The su/stan4e must /e in liQui- state so it is easy to o9 inthe 9ater8' The su/stan4e shoul- emit Z 1arti4les 6the ra-iation 4an/e -ete4te- a/o>e the .roun- 7"' $ ?ei.erMuller 4ounter is mo>e- o>er the 1i1ea44or-in. to the layout 1lan':' $t a 1oint 9here the ?ei.erMuller 4ounter -ete4te-hi.h ra-iation le>el@ in-i4atin. the 1oint oleaka.e'

Ra-ioa4ti>e -ete4torChara4teristi4 o ra-iation

2!' Car/on!" atom is a ra-ioa4ti>e su/stan4e 9hi4h iseasily a/sor/e- /y li>in. 1lants'2' $ter the 1lants -ies@ the a4ti>ity o Car/on!" 9ill

$11li4ation o ra-ioisoto1es

Page 2/


22/23



#o $ns9ersPhysi4s

Con4e1t3Prin4i1le3La9-e4line sin4e no ne9 4ar/on!" is a/sor/e-' 64ar/on!" 9ill -e4ay to nitro.en!"78' The -ieren4e /et9een the 4on4entration o 4ar/on0!"in the material to /e -ate- an- the"' Con4entration in the atmos1here 1ro>i-es .i>es the rate

o 4ar/on!" -e4ay:' By 4al4ulatin. the a4ti>ity o 4ar/on!"@ the a.e o the

-ea- 1lant3ossil 4an /e -etermine- 6hallie o 4ar/on!" is :@8 years7

Car/on -atin.

8 6a7 Ener.y release- E m42

8': J ! J 6 8 J !72

8'!: J ! <

6/7 Po9er o/taine- P E3t 8'!: J !

!': J !8

2'! J !! A

#u4lear ener.y

E m42

" 6a7

!' #eutron /om/ar-e- a uranium nu4leus 33Dia.ram2' Three neutrons 1ro-u4e- 33 Dia.ram8' The ne9 neutron /om/ar-e- a ne9 uranium nu4leus 33Dia.ram

"' For e>ery rea4tion@ the neutrons 1ro-u4e- 9ill .enerate a4hain rea4tion 33 Dia.ram

6/7 E m42

2' J ! !! m J 68' J !72

m 8'22 J !2 k.

Chain rea4tion

: 6a7! Sho9 the line in the .ra1h2 T!32 " -ays

6/7

(al lie

Page 22


23/23


#o $ns9ersPhysi4s

Con4e1t3Prin4i1le3La9

!' Sha1e o .ra1h2' One 1oint is 4orre4t8' T9o or more 1oint

;

!' Put the ra-ioa4ti>e sour4e o11osite the -ete4tor

2' Dete4tor is 4onne4te- to the thi4kness in-i4ator8' Dete4tor -ete4t the rea-in. o the 4han.es in 4ounts"' + the rea-in. o the -ete4tor is less than the s1e4ie- >alue@ thethi4kness o the aluminium oil is too thi4k3 >i4e >ersa

$11li4ation o ra-ioa4ti>e

modulperfectscoresbpphysicsspm2014skema-141015073314-conversion-gate01.doc

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