module_1_planning a network infrastructure topolgy

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Planning a Network Infrastructure Topology

2006 IIHT Limited

Module Planning a Network Infrastructure

TopologyOverview

This module provides an overview of network infrastructure. It is divided into thefollowing 4 lessons:

Lesson 1 Network infrastructure - explains the components of a networkinfrastructure and activities involved in its planning, implementation, and itsmaintenance.

Lesson 2 Selecting Data Link Layer- explains the OSI reference model.Also describes the parameters on which a data link layer protocol is chosen.

Lesson 3 Selecting Network/Transport Layer Protocol - explainsnetwork/transport layer protocols supported by Windows Server 2003.

Lesson 4 Locating Network Resources - explains factors that influencelocations of workstations, peripherals, cables, connectivity devices andservers.


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Lesson 1

Network InfrastructureIntroduction

This lesson introduces tasks that are involved in planning,

implementing and maintaining a network infrastructure. In thislesson, you will learn about :

Components of Network Infrastructure

Planning Network Infrastructure

Implementing Network Infrastructure

Maintaining Network Infrastructure


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In this topic you will understand the different components of a

network infrastructure.

Physical Components

Topology physical design

Hardware routers, hub

Logical Components

Abstract Elements TCP/IP, Digital certificates

Concrete Elements software products

Topic 1Defining Network Infrastructure


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Topic 2 Planning Network Infrastructure

This topic explains activities involved in planning a network

infrastructure.

Defining the planning process

Process of selecting physical and logical infrastructure layout based on therequirements of network users, its owners and the hardware and software

components.

Planning activities

Identify tasks of network usersIdentify possible security threats

Create a network blueprint


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Topic 3 Implementing Network Infrastructure

This topic explains key tasks in implementing a network

infrastructure.

Implementation tasks

Select protocols, operating systems, applications, and security

mechanisms

Deploy the chosen technologies

Select IP addresses and subnet mask

Design a DNS namespace Create IPSec policies


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Topic 4

Maintaining Network InfrastructureThis topic explains activities that comprise network maintenance.

Maintenance activities

Updating operating systems and applications

Testing updated versions in a simulated lab environment

Deploying updates to the live environment

Monitoringprocesses

Periodic examination of logs

Function testing

Network traffic analysis

Troubleshooting

Identification of problems and their resolution


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Lesson 2 Selecting Data Link Layer Protocols

Introduction

A reference model provides a framework for computers on a

network to exchange information. A reference model divides a

network into multiple layers and assigns functions to each layer. OSI

is the most common reference model used to study a network. In

this lesson, you will learn about :

Open systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model

Data Link Layer Protocols


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Topic 1 OSI Reference Model

This topic explains the OSI reference model with examples.Characteristics of OSI Open Systems Interconnection

OSI stands for Open Systems Interconnection

The OSI model divides the network into 7 layers

The model was first proposed by ISO in 1984

SME: OSI REFERENCE MODEL DIAGRAM


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Topic 2 Data Link Layer Protocols

This topic discusses the functions of data link layer protocols and itssub-layers.

Main functions

Grouping bits from the physical layer into framesDetecting errors in frames

Regulating the flow of frames

Sub LayersMedia Access Control (MAC)

Enables multiple computers to share a common channelLogical Link Control (LLC)

Performs node-to-node error detection, frame synchronization and flowcontrol


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Topic 3 - Selecting a Data Link Layer

This topic explains the different factors to be considered in selecting a

data link layer.

Selection factors

Type of transmission mediumDistance between workstations

Transmission speed

Amount of traffic to be carried by the network

Cost of operations


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Introduction

Windows Server 2003 supports the following network/ transport

layer protocols:

TCP/ IP

IPX

NetBIOS

In this lesson, you will learn about :

Working with TCP/ IP

Lesson 3 Selecting Network/Transport Layer

Protocols


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Topic 1 Working with TCP/IP

This topic explains the primary TCP/IP protocols. It also explainsthe IPX and NetBIOS Extended User Interface.

Primary protocols of TCP/IPInternet Protocol (IP) - network layer

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) - transport layerUser Datagram Protocol (UDP) - transport layer

IPX Internetwork Packet ExchangeNetwork layer protocol

Designed only for personal computer LANsAddressing system is based on the computer network interface adaptor

Contd.


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Topic 1 Working with TCP/IP

NetBEUI NetBIOS Extended User Interface

Designed for Windows NT 3.1 and Windows for Workgroups operating

systems

Cannot route traffic between networks

Used as a troubleshooting tool


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Lesson 4 Locating Network Resources

Introduction

Based on the information collected by the administrator, a blueprint

on the location for network resources is created. In this lesson, you

will learn about :

Locating Workstations

Locating Peripherals

Locating Cables

Locating Connectivity Devices

Locating Servers


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Topic 1 Locating Workstations

After the floor plan for the site is ready, the locations for

workstations have to be planned. This topic explains the steps for

planning these locations.

Steps in planning workstation location:Determine purpose of the workstations to be installed

Position the computer in relation to the desk

Identify types of workstation required

Identify support required for various workstations


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Topic 2 Locating Peripherals

This topic lists the factors to be considered in planning the locations

of peripherals.

Peripheral location factors

ErgonomicsMaintenance access to the machine

Proximity to consumables like paper and toner ink

Physical security of the peripherals


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Topic 3 Locating Cables

The location of cables is an important part of the network blueprint.

This topic focuses on the factors to be considered in locating

cables.

Cable location factorsType of cable installation

Location of obstacles for the cables

Location of hubs, patch panels.

Location of interfering objects for the cables-

Ways of securing cables-for external installations.

Additional cable runs for future expansion


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Topic 4 Locating Connectivity Devices

Location of connectivity devices such as hubs and patch panels

determine the site blueprint. This topic discusses factors that

influence this decision.

Decision factorsLocation of hubs and patch panels

Length of the cables


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Topic 5 Locating Servers

This topic explains factors to be considered in locating servers

Server location factors

Server Security

Power Protection factors


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Conclusion

Summary of the module

A network infrastructure is an integration of physical and logical components

that supports the flow and processing of information. A network infrastructure

provides connectivity, security, routing, management, access and other integral

featuresOSI divides the network into seven layers and assigns each layer certain

functions.

TCP/ IP is the most widely used protocol suite by network designers. TCP/ IP

is completely hardware-independent and therefore has its own addressing

system.Question and Answer Session

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