Philippine Normal University

The National Center for Teacher Education

Taft Avenue, Manila

PERSONALITY EDUCATION 5

LEADERSHIP AND GROUP PROCESSES

LEADERSHIP STYLES

Submitted by:

Madrid, Mirasol S.

Sarsoza, Aubrey Rose

Sulit, John Patrick

III-9 BS Psychology

Submitted to:

Prof. Merimee U. Tampus

INTRODUCTION

Kurt Lewin sought out to investigate and identify the different leadership styles. Leadership styles are the leaders’ style of providing direction, implementing plans and motivating people. There are many different leadership styles that can be exhibited by leaders in the political, business or other fields.

GENERAL OBJECTIVE

At the end of the activity and the discussion, the students are expected to be able to identify their own leadership style.

CREATIVE DRAMA

OBJECTIVES:

The students are expected to:

1. Coordinate with the leader assigned to their group2. Execute a drama related to the topic assigned3. Identify the main topic from the activity (Leadership Styles)

MATERIALS:

The students will be given strips of paper where the different scenarios are written. These are:

A business major is leading a team of research scientist working on new ways to

use plastic. Although the team discusses the merits of each ideal and project,

she retains the final decision making authority.

A construction crew has worked together for the last four years with very little

change-over in personnel. They always vote whenever a decision has to be

made on how to proceed with the project.

A manager is working on the budget. He is told to get a hot project running

immediately. He calls his staff together and explains the project. He then tells

them to get it up and going while he completes the budget.

TIME ALLOTMENT

Each group will be given 5 minutes to prepare for their presentation and 3 minutes for the presentation proper

PROCEDURE

1. The teacher/facilitator will be dividing the class into three groups. The teacher will be the one to choose who will be the leader of each group

2. Each group will be given a strip of paper in which a scenario was written. These written scenarios are the stories that they will be using to create a creative drama

3. The preparation for their creative drama should only take a maximum of 5 minutes and 3 minutes for the presentation

ANALYSIS:

Processing Questions:

1. What are the personalities of the leader in the scenario assigned to your group?2. What have you observed from the group members of each of the group?3. Did you like how the “leader” of the scenario managed the group task? 4. When you are assigned as the leader of your group, how do you lead your group

mates?5. If your group mates are not cooperating, how do you handle it?

LECTURETTE:

The activity that will be given to the class is closely related to the topic that we will be discussing. In the first scenario, the group will be acting out an autocratic leader. Second, the group will be showcasing a

democratic leader. Lastly, the third group will be presenting a delegative (laissez-faire) leader.

ABSTRACTION

Leadership

Leadership is the ability of a superior to influence the behavior of subordinates and persuade them to follow a particular course of action (Chester Barnard, 1938). Also, leadership is a major way in which people change the minds of others and move organizations forward to accomplish identified goals.

Nature of Leadership

Effective leadership is a key factor in the life and success of an organization Leadership transforms potential into reality Leadership is the ultimate act which brings to success all of the potent potential that

is in an organization and its people Leaders propose new paradigms when old ones lose their effectiveness

Participative Leadership

A Participative Leader, rather than taking autocratic decisions, seeks to involve other people in the process, possibly including subordinates, peers, superiors, and other stakeholders.

This approach, is also known as consultation, empowerment, joint decision-making, democratic leadership, Management By Objective (MBO) and power sharing.

Participative Leadership can be a sham when managers ask for opinions and then ignore them. This is likely to lead to cynicism and feelings of betrayal.

Lewin’s Three Participatory Leadership Styles (1939)

Autocratic

In the autocratic style, the leader makes the decisions without consulting with others. In Lewin’s experiments, he found that this caused the greatest discontent.

An autocratic style works best when:

There is no need for input on the decision

Where the decision would not change as a result of input Where the motivation of people to carry out subsequent actions would not be

affected whether they were or were not involved in the decision-making

Democratic

In the democratic style, the leader involves the people in the decision-making, although the process for the final decision may vary from the leader having the final say to them facilitating consensus in the group

Democratic decision-making is usually appreciated by the people, especially if they have been used to autocratic decisions with which they disagreed

Democratic style can be problematic when there are a wide range of opinions and there is no clear way of reaching an equitable final decision

Laissez-Faire

The laissez-faire style minimizes the leader’s involvement in decision-making

Laissez-faire works best when:

People are capable and motivated in making their own decisions, and Where there is no requirement for a central coordination

Lewin discovered that:

The most effective style was democratic Excessive autocratic styles led to revolution Laissez-fair resulted in less coherent work patterns and exertion of less energy

(Reference: Leadership Theories and Styles, IAAP 2009 – Administrative Professionals Week Event, April 28, 2009)

APPLICATION

What is your leadership style? Tell us by including coffee, buttons and leaves on your work!

A genuine leader is not a searcher of consensus but a

molder of consensus Martin Luther King Jr.