module 4: introduction to the assessment based national dialogue exercise
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Module 4: Introduction to the assessment based national dialogue exercise. ILO, 2013. Key questions. What are the objectives of the ABND exercise? What are the main steps of the ABND process? How do we ensure that all stakeholders are involved from the outset? - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Module 4: Introduction to the assessment based national dialogue exercise
ILO, 2013
Key questions
• What are the objectives of the ABND exercise?• What are the main steps of the ABND process?• How do we ensure that all stakeholders are involved from the
outset?• Step 1 – Building the assessment matrix• Step 2 – Costing policy options using the RAP model• Step 3 – Finalization and endorsement• What are the strengths and limitations of ABND?
Objectives of ABND
• ABND identifies the existing situation and gaps in the social protection system
• It develops recommendations for achieving the SPF
How do we achieve the SPF and make it a reality for the whole population of a country?
Do all residents have access to essential health care, including maternity care?
Do all children enjoy basic income security, providing access to nutrition, education, care, and any other necessary goods and services?
Do all persons in active age who cannot earn sufficient income, enjoy basic income security, particularly in cases of sickness, unemployment, maternity, disability?
Do all older persons have basic income security?
Making the SPF a realityFour basic guarantees:
Some countries may have the Floor for Health, e.g. ThailandBut gaps for children, working age people or the elderly still exist
Poor Rest of informal sector Formal sector
Level of protection
Population
Making the SPF a reality
Steps of ABND
1. What is the social security
situation?
2. How far are we from the achievement of the
SPF? -> gaps, issues
3. What should be done to complete
the SPF?
4. How much would it cost today and in the
future?
5. Can the Government afford it? Do we need to increase
the fiscal space?
6. How to ensure that the recommendations are
endorsed and listened to?
7. How to advocate for the SPF as a whole or specific
recommendations?
ABND FACTSHEETStep 1 – Building the assessment matrix including the identification of priority recommendations
Step 2 – Rapid Assessment Protocol to estimate the cost of implementing the social protection provisions
Step 3 – Finalisation of the assessment report for endorsement and further action by the higher levels of government
Steps of ABND
1. Inventory of schemes (Jun 2011)
2. Draft Assessment Matrix (Jul 2011)
3. Dialogue # 1 on ABND matrix (Aug 2011)
4. Translation of policy recommendations into practical scenarios
5. Dialogue # 2 on proposed scenarios (Nov 2011, Feb 2012)
6. Data collection for the RAP protocol and costing of the scenarios (Nov 2011 - Mar 2012)
7. Dialogue # 3 on results of costing (Mar 2012); Training on costing (May 2012)
9. Endorsement by UN/RTG joint team and presentation to the government (Oct-Nov 2012)
8. Finalization of Costing, Fiscal space, Writing ABND report (May-Aug 2012)
Step 1
Step 2
Step 3
The process in
Thailand
Steps of ABND
• ABND is a participatory approach which should involve all relevant stakeholders
• It entails bilateral consultations, tripartite workshops, and technical seminars
• Thailand: ABND conducted by Royal Thai Government / UN team on social protection, co-chaired by Ministry of Social Development and Human Security and ILO
• Indonesia: ABND conducted by United Nations Partnership for Development Framework (UNPDF) sub-working group on SPF, led by ILO and coordinated by Bappenas
• Working with stakeholders with political power and expertise can avoid potential blockage
Involving stakeholders
Involving stakeholders
Workers’ and employers’
organizations
Civil society
Local governments
National Statistics
Office, academicians
UN agencies involved in SPF (ILO, UNICEF, WHO,
UNESCAP, UNFPA, UNAIDS, UNESCO, UNWOMEN, UNDP,
WFP), World Bank, ADB, other development partners
Line ministries (Labour, Health, Social Welfare, Planning, Interior, Education, Finance, Rural Development, Women’s Affairs, etc.), social security institutions
Step 1: Building the assessment matrix
SPF objectives
Govt. strategy
Existing provisions
Policy gaps
Implement-ation issues
Recomm-endations
Health
Children
Working age
Elderly
Four SPF guarantees
Identifying existing situation
in the country
Identifying policy gaps and
implementation issues, addressing
which would complete the SPF
Priority policy
options, decided through national dialogue
Policy gaps: Missing legislation or policy leading to a part of the population being excluded from the complete SPFFor e.g.
Only formal sector workers and very poor people are entitled to social health protection
There is no unemployment protection scheme for workers in case of loss of employment
Only formal sector workers are entitled to a child allowance for pre-school children
Step 1: Building the assessment matrix
Step 1: Building the assessment matrix
Implementation issues: Despite existing policies or legislation, people do not have effective access to entitlementsFor e.g.
Despite universal access to social health protection, people from rural areas have limited protection due to poor health care infrastructure
Enforcement of the Social Security Act is low, due to employers not registering their staff and a lack of resources to reach out to informal sector workers
From Step 1 to Step 2
There are 2 types of recommendations
Recommendations to introduce social insurance, work on coordination between schemes and operations, qualitative recommendations to improve quality of services
We need to conduct further studiesLABOUR MARKET
MODEL
MACROECONOMIC MODELGENERAL
GOVERNMENT OPERATIONS
MODEL
BENEFITS COSTING EXERCISE
SUMMARY AND RESULTS
DEMOGRAPHIC FRAMEWORK
We can use the RAP Protocol
Recommendations to introduce non-contributory benefits, increase non-contributory benefit amounts, extend coverage
Step 2: Rapid Assessment Protocol
RAP is a simplified Excel tool developed by ILO to estimate
the cost of providing SPF benefits (for health, children, working age and the elderly)
over a 5-10 year period
Labour market (EAP)
Demographic data (POP)
Macroeconomic data (ECO)
General government operations (GGO)
Costing of benefits
Summary and results
1. Data collection
2. Estimated cost of benefits in absolute terms, as % of GDP, and as % of government expenditure
3. Projected cost of combined benefit packages
Step 2: Rapid Assessment Protocol
Cost of implementing the scenarios is calculated using
RAP worksheets
Recommendations are translated into scenarios, i.e. specific social
protection policy options
Estimated cost can be linked to fiscal space (GDP and government budget)
to check their feasibility
Step 2: Rapid Assessment Protocol
At the end of Step 2, we have the cost of implementing SPF benefits expressed as % of GDP (e.g. Thailand)
Step 2: Rapid Assessment Protocol
Two possible cases:• Case 1: The new government budget is balanced and fiscal
space is available in the country.• Case 2: The new government budget is in deficit. New fiscal
space needs to be created through changes in budget allocations, increase in government revenues through additional taxes, etc.
In both cases, especially case 2, the government needs to be convinced that investing in the SPF is good for the country and for social and economic growth.
Cost of implementing scenarios over 5-10 years
(Benefits worksheet)
Projected government budget
(GGO)
New government
budget+ =
Step 2: Rapid Assessment Protocol
Step 3: Finalization and endorsementPresenting to higher levels of
Government
with a ‘champion’
Government may endorse or ‘test’ some recommendations
or conduct further studies:• actuarial• legal• human capacity
Finalising the ABND report with stakeholders
Advocating to policy-makers can be done with:• Evidence from other countries• Economic models to demonstrate the expected impact of
policy options on reduction in poverty and inequality, increase in growth, productivity and employability
• Financial models to assess the return on social investment• Communication and awareness generation among people,
government, civil society, social partners
Step 3: Finalization and endorsement
Strengths of ABND
• It provides a coordinated, holistic and coherent approach to the development of social protection in a country
• It initiates national dialogue on social security strategy, SPF, priority policy options, problems in providing social protection to all and ways to address the issues
• It provides evidence on the feasibility of different policy options
• It can serve as a baseline for monitoring of SPF implementation (within the national framework)
Limitations of ABND
• The analysis conducted under Step 1 is simplistic and does not go into details on operations and institutional capacities
• The social dialogue usually takes place at the technical level and higher-level policy makers or “champions” may need to be involved during Step 3
• The RAP is based on some assumptions leading to rough estimates of future costs; additional actuarial studies are needed for the finalisation of the design of proposed schemes