module 12 - water sensitive urban design

8/15/2019 Module 12 - Water Sensitive Urban Design

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Module 12Water Sensitive Urban Design


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Sustainability of Urban Water

• A Scarce Resource in The DriestContinent Water Su!!ly

Waste"ater

Stor#"ater

• The $atural and %uilt &nviron#ents Can they be Se!arated'

(s it a )artnershi!'


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Sustainable Urban Water Manage#ent

• Mini#ise *ydrologic (#!acts ofUrban Develo!#ent

• (ntegrated Water CycleManage#ent

Water Su!!ly

Waste Water

Stor#"ater• Sustainable Urban Develo!#ent

• Water Sensitive Urban Design


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Urban Stor#"ater +b,ectives

• )rotect and (#!rove $atural WaterSyste#s "ithin the Urban &nviron#ent -ocus on &cosyste# *ealth

(#!rove Water .uality Reduce Runoff

• /olu#e

• )ea0

Mini#ise (nfrastructure Costs (#!rove A#enity and Aesthetics


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Stor#"ater Drainage Syste#s

• Se!arate Se"erage and Stor#"aterSyste#s in Australia

• Co#bined Syste#s in USA and &uro!e

• )ri#ary Ai# is -lood )rotection

• (n the )ast Stor#"ater .uality notSeen as (#!ortant


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Stor#"aterentering into a )it


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Urban Develo!#ent

• Clearing of /egetation

• (ncrease in (#!ervious Surfaces

Roofs Concrete )aving Roads

• &fficient Drainage Syste#

• arge Areas "ith ittle or no /egetation

• a"n Watering• +ver Use of -ertili3er


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(#!acts of Urban Develo!#ent

• (ncreased /olu#e of Runoff Decreased (nfiltration

• Decreased Ti#e to )ea0 Runoff

(#!roved Drainage &fficiency• (ncreased )ea0 Runoff• Changes in $atural Urban Strea#s

(ncreased Width

(ncreased De!th -latter %ed Slo!es• U!strea# Scour 4 Do"nstrea# De!osition


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Urban Develo!#ent )ollutants

• 5ross )ollutants 6itter /egetation Sedi#ent7• -ine Sedi#ent

• $utrients 6nitrogen and !hos!horus7

• )athogens 6& Coli8 bacteria viruses7

• Metals 6cad#iu# co!!er nic0el lead and 3inc7

• Dissolved +9ygen De#anding Substances

• Detergents

• *ydrocarbons 6oils fuel etc87


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&ffects of Urban )ollution

• Reduction in Aesthetic /alues

• S#othering of A:uatic )lants

• Algal %loo#s

• -ish ;ills and A:uatic &cosyste#s

• *ealth *a3ard


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Design Criteria

• +b,ectives of WSUD (#!rove &cosyste# *ealth of Water"ays

Reduce Total oad of )ollutants ReachingWater"ay


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Design Criteria

• Ca!ture Within WSUD Syste#< =>? of Total Sus!ended Solids

@? of Total )hos!horus @? of Total $itrogen

-ro#< /ictorian Stor#"ater Co##ittee 61BBB7 Urban Stor#"ater< %est)ractice &nviron#ental Manage#ent 5uidelines


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S.(DEs

• Stor#"ater .uality (#!rove#entDevices Devices that are (nstalled Within the

Stor#"ater Drainage Syste# to (#!rovethe .uality of Urban Stor#"ater


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5ross )ollutant Tra!s

• 5eneric $a#e for Structures

that are Designed to Tra! 5ross

)ollutants

• Ty!ically (ncludes Screens and

Collection %asin or %as0et


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CleasnsAll

5ross )ollutant Tra!

Rocla

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/egetated S"ales or 5rassS"ales

• /egetated +!en Channel

+ften 5rass Covered

• Use /egetation to Treat )ollutants -iltration through /egetation

Sedi#entation of Coarse )articles

• )ollutants Treated Sus!ended Solids

$utrients Attached to )articles


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Sha!e is an issueG


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%ioretention Syste#s

• -iltration of Water Through Media

Soil

Sand

5ravel

• %iological and Che#ical Treat#ent

%iological Sli#es attached to Media

• %est for /ery -ine )articles and $utrients


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%


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%ioretention Syste#s


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Sand -ilters

• Sand filters o!erate in a si#ilar#anner as bioretention syste#s

• &9ce!tion is that they do not su!!ortany vegetation• %est suited in confined s!aces


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S a

n d

- i l t e r s


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(nfiltrationMeasures


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(nfiltration Measures


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Sedi#ent %asin


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Sedi#ent %asin


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Sedi#ent%asin

+utletStructure


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)orous )ave#ents

• -ilters Stor#"ater Through Road )ave#ent• Ca!tures -ine )articles

• Different )ave#ent Ty!es

5ravel %ased Media

)aving %loc0s

)orous As!halt

• Maintenance (ssues

Clogging "ith -ine )articles *igh *eel Shoes


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Porous Pavements

l


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Constructed Wetlands

• Marsh or S"a#!

• ergent Macro!hytes

eg< Rushes Reeds and Sedges

• Ty!ically Shallo" Water• (nterface %et"een Water %odies and and

• May (nclude )onds or Dee!er Water

• Characteristic -eature is ergentMacro!hytes

• Re#ove )ollutants Associated "ith -ine )articles


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)onds and a0es


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)onds and a0es


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-lood %y!ass

(ntegrated Design and


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A Multidisci!linary A!!roach• Urban )lanners

• Design &ngineers• andsca!e Architects

• Construction Managers

and Cre"• (nfrastructure Managers

• Co##unity

(ntegrated Design andManage#ent

Th U b d


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The Urban andsca!e

• (ntegral )art of Urban Water Manage#ent• /egetation &ssential in Stor#"ater

Treat#ent

/egetated S"ales %ioretention Syste#s

Wetlands

)onds• Co##unity (nvolve#ent

$onHstructural Manage#ent


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U b Ri i / t ti


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Urban Ri!arian /egetation

• 5ood &ssential for &cosyste# *ealth

• A:uatic and Ri!arian *abitat

Runoff /olu#e Reduction &rosion Reduction

)ollutant Treat#ent

• %ad

(ncreased -lood evels


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module 12 - water sensitive urban design

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