Modernization and Modernization and GlobalizationGlobalization

Into the Present and FutureInto the Present and Future

What are the characteristics What are the characteristics of modernism?of modernism?

IndustrializationIndustrialization

Enlightenment: Industrialization begins—Enlightenment: Industrialization begins—Including migration from farms to citiesIncluding migration from farms to cities

Romantic Era: Reaction against Romantic Era: Reaction against industrialization, especially urban lifeindustrialization, especially urban life

Victorian Era: Issues include workers’, womens’ Victorian Era: Issues include workers’, womens’ and children’s rights, voting rights, focus on and children’s rights, voting rights, focus on slums, urban issues, educationslums, urban issues, education

Modern Era: Equality between sexes, redefining Modern Era: Equality between sexes, redefining the “family”, emphasis on education and the “family”, emphasis on education and technological issues including computers, technological issues including computers, communication, transportation, loss of factory communication, transportation, loss of factory jobs, convenience itemsjobs, convenience items

Child labor in the mines. The Warder Collection.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   

                             

Child labor in the mines. The Warder Collection.

GlobalizationGlobalization

Renaissance developed cartography, Renaissance developed cartography, navigation, ship buildingnavigation, ship building

Age of Exploration: 15Age of Exploration: 15thth – 17 – 17thth Centuries; Centuries; routes of da Gama, Columbus, Magellan routes of da Gama, Columbus, Magellan led to colonizationled to colonization

Victorian Era: British Empire = largest Victorian Era: British Empire = largest world has ever seenworld has ever seen

Modern Era: World Wars, communication Modern Era: World Wars, communication technologies, economic interdependencetechnologies, economic interdependence

The British EmpireThe British Empire

Science Impacts ThoughtScience Impacts Thought

Anxiety caused by Anxiety caused by

1. Newton’s theory (1684) 1. Newton’s theory (1684)

2. Darwin’s theory (1859)2. Darwin’s theory (1859)

3. Geological discoveries 3. Geological discoveries (Victorian Era)(Victorian Era)

4. 4. Einstein’s theory of relativity Einstein’s theory of relativity (1905)(1905)

5. Atomic Bomb (1945)5. Atomic Bomb (1945)

Science Impacts ThoughtScience Impacts Thought

Newtonian Newtonian ResolutionResolutionAbsolute timeAbsolute timeCause and effectCause and effectPredictabilityPredictabilityClockwork realityClockwork realityNewtonian physicsNewtonian physicsSolution Solution Horizontal logicHorizontal logic

EinsteinianEinsteinianUnknownUnknownRelative TimeRelative TimeUnknown CausesUnknown CausesMysteryMysteryHidden realitiesHidden realitiesQuantum physicsQuantum physicsUncertaintyUncertaintyConnectionsConnections

Science Impacts ThoughtScience Impacts Thought

Modern PhysicsModern PhysicsEinstein: “Certainties must be replaced by Einstein: “Certainties must be replaced by probabilities.”probabilities.”

Post-modern PhysicsPost-modern PhysicsRichard Feynman: “I think I can safely say that Richard Feynman: “I think I can safely say that nobody understands quantum mechanics.”nobody understands quantum mechanics.”

Nuclear CapabilitiesNuclear CapabilitiesRobert Jay Lifton: “There is . . . the specific Robert Jay Lifton: “There is . . . the specific suggestion of the end of our species, of suggestion of the end of our species, of something on the order of biological extinction.” something on the order of biological extinction.”

What are the characteristics What are the characteristics of modernism?of modernism?