MODERN

METHODS

MEDICAL DIAGONOSIS

It is the process of determining

which disease or condition explains a

person's symptoms and signs.

The Beginning…

The first recorded examples of medical diagnosis are

found in the writings of Imhotep (2630-2611 BC) in ancient Egypt (the Edwin

Smith Papyrus).

In Laboratory:-• Complementing the already given information with

further data gathering, which may include questions of the medical history (potentially from other people close to the patient as well), physical examination and various diagnostic tests.

• Diagnostic tests can also be used to provide prognostic information on people with established disease.

General Methods

Imaging Techniques

ULTRASOUND

CT-Scan(Computed

Tomography)

MRE(Magnetic Resonance

Elastography)

X-RAY radiographyMRI

(Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

By Doctor:-• Processing of the answers, findings or other

results. • Consultations with other providers and specialists

in the field may be sought.

New ways to diagnose diseases

• The Laboratory for Micro optics at the Institute of Microsystems Technology (IMTEK) at the University of Freiburg has developed an innovative endoscopic probe.

Working…• The probe enables the examination of tissue inside the

human body without causing damage and with a previously unequalled resolution (fraction of the human hair).

• An Integrated Tiltable Mirror at the tip of the endoscope provides the user with an all-round view.

• A Tunable Micro Lens enables the user to focus on different tissue depths.

• The new method enables three-dimensional images to be recorded and may in future considerably increase the range of available diagnostic methods.

PET• During the past several years, it has become quite evident that

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) imaging can play a major role in the management of patients with suspected infection.

• Particularly, several groups have demonstrated that this powerful imaging methodology is very effective in the evaluation of osteomyelitis, infected prostheses, fever of unknown origin, and AIDS.

Advantages…

• FDG-PET has many advantages over existing imaging techniques for the diagnosis of infectious diseases.

• These include Feasibility of securing diagnostic results within 1.5 to

2 h. Excellent spatial resolution. Accurate anatomical localization of sites of

abnormality.

The data presented clearly demonstrate the critical role of modern imaging techniques in the assessment of patients with suspected infection in any organ system.

Modern imaging techniques appears to overcome many shortcomings that are associated with either structural imaging techniques or conventional scintographic methodologies.

This in turn will substantially improve the management of patients with serious infectious disorders.