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INTERNATIONAL MASTER OF FRUIT SCIENCE

CURRICULUM

Free University of Bozen - Bolzano Faculty of Science and Technologyhttp://www.unibz.it/

University of LjubljanaBiotechnical facultyhttp://www.uni-lj.si/

Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry BrnoFaculty of Horticulture Lednicehttp://www.mendelu.cz

Table of subjects

Phytopathology, Entomology and Phytopharmacology........................................................3Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology..........................................................................6Advanced Statistics...................................................................................................................8Ecophysiology and Plant Nutrition.......................................................................................10Scientific and Technical Information....................................................................................12Growth and Development of Fruit Plants............................................................................16Bioactive Compounds in Fruit Plants...................................................................................18Nut Fruit Production..............................................................................................................21Sustainable Mediterranean Fruit Production......................................................................23Breeding Fruit Plants.............................................................................................................25Techniques in Fruit Plant Ecophysiology.............................................................................27Master Thesis University of Ljubljana.................................................................................29Plant Breeding and Biotechnology........................................................................................31Biotechnology in Horticulture - Laboratory Exercises.......................................................33Pome Fruit Production and Nursery Techniques................................................................35Fruit Processing......................................................................................................................38Floriculture..............................................................................................................................40Dendrology...............................................................................................................................42Winemaking.............................................................................................................................44Vegetable Production..............................................................................................................46Stone Fruit Production...........................................................................................................48Minor fruit species..................................................................................................................51Fruit Storage............................................................................................................................53Technology of Fruit Distillates...............................................................................................55Horticultural Machinery........................................................................................................57Fruit Trees and Cultural Landscapes...................................................................................59Plant Genetics..........................................................................................................................61Chemical Plant Physiology.....................................................................................................63Biomathematics and Biostatistic............................................................................................65Fruit Processing......................................................................................................................68Introduction into theory and practice of scientific work....................................................70Informatics and Data elaboration.........................................................................................72Physiology of trees and orchard systems in pipfruit crops.................................................75Advanced Molecular Biology Techniques in Fruit-Growing and Plant Defence..............79Fruit Marketing and consumer behaviour...........................................................................81International Trade - Policy and Institutions.......................................................................85Advanced Fruit Conservation and Postharvest Biology.....................................................87Advanced plant protection.....................................................................................................89Project Management...............................................................................................................91

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1. Title of unit/subject/module Phytopathology, Entomology and Phytopharmacology

2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 9

4. Contact hours Total115

L60

E40

S5

Other forms10 – field work

5. Cycle Master 6. Year 1st 7. Semester 1st

8. Study programme International Master of Fruit Science

9. Branch of study

10. Pillar of the programme

Compulsory 11. Language

Slovene, English

12. Special features13. Objectives and subject-specific competences

Historical development of the phytomedicine science and its significance. Direct influence of pathogenic organisms on physiological processes in plants and indirect influence on expression of disease symptoms. Genetic background of plant diseases, mode of pathogen infection in plants, plant defense mechanisms and influence of environmental factors on pathogenesis.

Study of economically important groups of phytophagous insects (pests), their morphology, anatomy, biology, ecology. Use of the knowledge for determination and comprehension of developmental specialties in certain species, to apply optimal measures of crop protection in the sense of good agricultural practice. Recognition of disease symptoms and pest damage in the open field. Study of bionomics of important pests in relation to ecological factors. Introduction in legal procedures in the process of registration and use of pesticides, their mode of action, biochemical grounds of selectivity, (eco)toxicology, issues on phytotoxicity, persistence and resistance development.

14. Description of content Phytopathology. Historical development of phytopathology and its significance. Plant diseases and impact on micro- and macroeconomy. Symptoms – biotic and abiotic factors effect variability (pathogen, host and environment). Pathogens, their origin and types of parasitism. Patogenes adaptation, specialization and mechanisms of variability in fungi and bacteria. Mode of parasites action and pathological changes (anatomic, morphologic, physiologic). Vectors, mode of penetration, pathogenesis and influence of environmental factors on the disease development. Epidemiology. Passive and active plant defence (resistance), resistance inheritance, LAR, SAR. Diseases caused by major groups of pathogens and classification. Physiological disorders in plants. Fungi and fungi-like organisms (Chromista, Protozoa). More common and major groups of pathogens (downy mildews, powdery mildews, rusts, smuts, cancers, wilts, storage diseases). Diseases caused by prokaryotes (bacteria, phytoplasmas) and viruses. Biotic stress and yield loss.

Entomology. Historical development of entomology and its tasks. Origin of phytophagous organisms and damage they cause. Morphology, anatomy and physiology of insects (Insecta), mites

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(Acarina), nematodes (Nematoda). Reproductive system. Bionomics, diapause, monitoring. Determination, identification, taxonomy and systematics. Important agricultural pests according to taxonomic criteria influence of abiotic factors and control measures. Phytophagous vectors of plant diseases. Pest preference and plant defence mechanisms.

Phytopharmacology. Biochemical grounds of selectivity in newly developed pesticides. Legal procedures for registration and use of pesticides, (eco)toxicology, issues on phytotoxicity, persistence in environment and resistance development.

15. Basic bibliography Agrios, G.N. 2005. Plant pathology. 5th ed. Boston, Elsevier: 922 pp. ISBN 0-12-044565-4

Bergmann, W. 1986. Ernährungsstörungen bei Kulturpflanzen, Gustav Fisher Verlag, Stuttgart etc., 762 pp. ISBN 3-437-30562-X

Blum, M.S. 1985. Fundamentals of insect physiology. New York etc., John Wiley et Sons, 598 pp., ISBN 0-471-05468-2.

Chapman, R. F. 1998. The insects. Structure and Function. Cambridge University Press. 4th edition: 770 pp. ISBN 0521578906

Stenersen, J. 2004 Chemical pesticides- Mode of action and toxicology. CRC Press, Boca Raton et al., 276 pp. ISBN 0-748-40910-6

Lyr, H. et al. 1987. Modern selective fungicides. Gustav Fisher Verlag, Jena etc.: 595 pp. ISBN 3-334-60455-1

Marrs, C.T., Ballantyne B. (eds.) 2004. Pesticide toxicology and international regulation. John Willey & Sons Ltd., Chichester: 554 pp. ISBN 0470091673

Urek, G., Hržič, A. 1998. Ogorčice – nevidni zajedalci rastlin. Ljubljana, samozal., 240 pp., ISBN 961-6302-04-3.

Zhang, Z.-Q. 2003. Mites of greenhouses. Identification, biology and control. Cambridge, CABI Publ., 244 pp., ISBN 0-85199-590-X

FITO-INFO. Information system for plant protection. http://www.fito-info.bf.uni-lj.si/

16. Envisaged learning outcomes

16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

On the basis of the symptoms of diseases or damage and examination of plant material under (stereo)microscope and anatomic-morphological skills, student is able to identify the pathogen or pest and classify it in a wider group. He/she is able to understand genetic, physiological and biochemical grounds of plant diseases and plant defence mechanisms (active and passive, LAR, SAR). Student understands anatomic-physiological processes in phytophagous organisms. He/she is acquainted with pathogenesis and bionomics of economically important groups of harmful organisms and modes of their dispersion. He/she comprehends the correct and safe use of pesticides, regarding the criteria for sustainable agriculture. Student is acquainted with the Latin scientific terminology.

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16.2 Application Student is able to use acquired knowledge, including use of determination keys, to identify pathogenic or phytophagous organisms on the crop, immediately on the field or later, in the laboratory. He/she is qualified to suggest relevant control or prevention measures in certain case, in accordance with good agricultural practice.

16.3 Reflection Accordance between theoretical approaches and practical procedures will result in lower economic damage, caused by harmful organisms and indirectly in increased economic of agricultural production, with the lowest possible level of environment pollution with residues of pesticides.

16.4 Transferable skills – not tied to just one subject

Knowledge on influence of different parameters on occurrence and development of plant pests and pathogens in a substantial extent, determination skills and use of professional literature, enables the student to find the best possible solution, to reduce their pressure and economic significance in conventional as well as integrated, ecological or biological plant and food production.

17. Methods of teaching and learning

Lectures, seminars, laboratory practice, field practice.

18. Conditions for inclusion or to undertake work required

Enrolment in the year of the course.

19. Methods of assessment and the assessment scale

- Written partial exams: entomological and phytopathological part (60%).- Written partial colloquium: entomological and phytopathological part- Seminar work.- Phytopathological herbarium, entomological collection of pests.- Written report on the field practice.Evaluation scale 1-5 (negative), 6-10 (positive, 10 is the highest grade).Evaluation scale according to the statute of the University of Ljubljana and faculty rules.

20. Method of evaluation of quality

Self-evaluation, student questionnaire.

21. Curriculum compiler University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty: Assist. Prof. Dr. Franci CELAR, Full Prof. Dr. Lea MILEVOJ, Assist. Prof. Dr. Stanislav TRDAN

5

1. Title of unit/subject/module Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 9


L60

E45

S10

Other forms



9. Branch of study



Slovene/English


Advanced principles of genetics, plant breeding and biotechnology as well as applications of this knowledge in gene diagnostics, biotechnological applications and breeding of selected horticultural plants is given. It is assumed that student already understands basic principles of this discipline from his previous education levels and is capable of understanding more complex principles and applications. Achieved knowledge gives student sufficient education to perform more complex tasks in after employment in research laboratories or on plant breeding programmes.

14. Description of content Genome analysis: methods for determination of genome size and its variability (flow cytometry), cytogenetic techniques (karyotype analysis, FISH, GISH). Marker assisted selection. Genomics in plant research. Basic principles of structural genomics, function genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics. Handling of plant genomics information and applications in agriculture. Applications of genomics in plant biotechnology.

Basic principles of genetics of eucarionts. Fundamentals of developmental genetics. Diplontic selection, apoptosis. Variability in genetic determination of antibodies, allergenic materials, testing, principles of metabolomics. Transcription and postranscriptional regulation of gene action. Epigenetic inheritance and development, homeotic gene regulation. Maternal and paternal gene effects, extranuclear inheritance. Cell-cell communication, apoptosis.

Advanced methods of plant tissue culture. Genetic transformation. Methods used for direct and indirect gene transfer, analysis of transcient and stable transformation. Gene expression including over expression and gene silencing mechanisms. Nuclear and plastid transformations. Genetic modification of agriculturaly significant traits: resistance to biotic and abiotic factors, modified plant adaptation. Genetic alternation related to quality. Novel traits.

15. Basic bibliography Hartl, D. L. and E. W. Jones (2004) Genetics: Analysis of Genes and Genomes. 6 ed. Jones & Bartlett, Sudbury, MA. 854 pp. Genetics, ISBN: 0-763-71511-5.

Molecular and Genetic Interactions Involving Phytochemicals (I. Kreft and V. Škrabanja, eds.), COST 916, CEC, (DG Research), pp. 21-89., ISBN: 961-6379-02-x.

Chahal, Gosal: Principles and procedures of plant breeding. Alpha Science, 2002. ISBN 1-84256-036-X

Hayward, Bosemark, Romagosa: Plant Breeding, Chapman & Hall,

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1993, ISBN 0-412-43390-7Singh, Dasgupta, Triphati: Hybrid vegetable development. Hawarth

Press, 2005 ISBN: 1560221186Chawla (2002) Introduction to plant biotechnology. Science

Publishers. ISBN: 1-57808-228-5Christou, Klee (2004) Handbook of plant biotechnology, Vol 1, Vol

2. Wiley. ISBN 0-471-85199-XTrigiano, Gray (2005) Plant development and biotechnology. CRC

press. ISBN 0-8493-1614-616. Envisaged learning outcomes

16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Student will know and understand advanced principles of genetics and biotechnological applications of these techniques for achieving breeding goals and for genetic analysis of plants.

16.2 Application This course is oriented to and give student both theoretical and practical knowledge of this field. Such knowledge can be implemented in various ways in particular in involvement in modern plant breeding programs, in laboratories dealing with genetic analysis and in administrative regulation bodies.

16.3 Reflection Student will be able to get an overview of the existing knowledge at this scientific field and to compose various partial information gathered during previous courses.


Understanding of advanced genetic principles and its applications gives student an option to either implement this knowledge on specific topic within his future work tasks or to be able to understand and explain to growers results achieved using modern biotechnology and to predict trends for future development at this field.


Lectures, seminars, laboratory practices.




- final exam (80%)- seminar work and public presentation of the work (20%).Evaluation scale: 0-5 (negative), 6-10 (positive, where 10 is the highest grade).



21. Curriculum compiler University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty: Prof. Dr. Borut Bohanec, Prof. Dr. Ivan Kreft, Prof. Dr. Branka Javornik

7

1. Title of unit/subject/module Advanced Statistics2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 4


L30

E20

S Other forms

5. Cycle 6. Year 1st 7. Semester 1st


9. Branch of study



Slovene, English

12. Special features

Practical work is carried out in a computer laboratory. Students should have access to computers with relevant software tools.

13. Objectives and subject-specific competences

This course is designed as an advanced statistics course. Its objective is to familiarise with the basic ideas for the research methodology. Several case-studies will enable a simple and straightforward approach.

14. Description of content 1. Design and analysis of experiments and surveys: concepts and data analysis. Basic definitions: factors under study, confounding factors, factor effects, treatments and treatment structure. Statistical analysis: analysis of variance, regression, generalized linear models, the underlying assumptions and statistical inference.2. Basic experimental designs. Completely randomised design, randomised blocks. Multiple comparisons: contrasts, post-hoc comparisons. Nested designs. Components of variance. 3. Factorial structure. Principles. Design and analysis. Main effects and interactions, calculation for a two factorial structure. Multiple factors: analysis of computer output. Split-plot design. 4. Analysis of variance and regressionQuantitative explanatory variables in a regression model. Introduction to multiple regression, partial F-test, comparison of several lines. Analysis of covariance.

15. Basic bibliography KOŠMELJ, Katarina. Uporabna statistika. Ljubljana: Biotehniška fakulteta, 2001. 249 p. ISBN 961-6379-01-1. (in Slovene)MEAD, Roger et al. Statistical methods in agriculture and experimental biology. 3 edition. Chapman & Hall, 2003. ISBN 1-58488-187-9DALY, F. et al., Elements of Statistics. 1995. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 682 p., ISBN 0-201-42278-6 (selected topics)


16.1 Knowledge and understanding

Students get to understand the principles for the design and analysis of experiments and surveys.

16.2 Application The obtained knowledge is applicable in all research areas, e.g. in the fields of agriculture, biology, medicine, psychology, etc.

16.3 Reflection This course gives methodological support to other courses.

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The students obtain skills for interdisciplinary work. They are taught how to identify and formulate the research problem precisely, which statistical methods to use and how to present the results in an accurate and understandable way.


Lectures, computer laboratory work, practical assignments.


The prerequisite for the enrolment in this course is a basic statistical course.


Practical assignments which have to be handed-out prior to final examination. Written exam.



21. Curriculum compiler University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty: prof. dr. Katarina KOŠMELJJune, 2006

9

1. Title of unit/subject/module Ecophysiology and Plant Nutrition2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 5


L30

E10

S5

Other forms15 – field practise



9. Branch of study



Slovene/English


Course goals: To transfer the knowledge on the basics of plant ecophysiology, to upgrade the basic knowledge on mineral nutrition in higher plants.

Competences: student achieves the knowledge on the plant functioning under different factors that influence growth and development, both in natural, semi-natural and agro-ecosystems. He knows how these factors can act on different physiological processes, and has knowledge on the mechanisms of the plant responses. He is able to use this knowledge and the upgraded knowledge on mineral nutrition in more plant-production oriented classes.

14. Description of content Plant and environment: Plant water balance and its regulation in different plant types. Plant water potential. Sap flow. Transpiration. Water stress.

Mineral nutrition: nutrient availability in the soil, processes in the rhizosphere, mineral nutrients and allocation of carbohydrates (sink: source relations). The influence of different abiotic environmental factors on mineral nutrient uptake, translocation and assimilation. Habitat related aspects of mineral nutrition. Nutrient cycling at the plant community level. Mineral nutrition and stress (interactions).

Carbon utilization, primary production, the effects of different environmental factors on photosynthesis and respiration. Carbon balance at plant and community level. Energy conversions on the level of plant community.

Plant growth and development, regulation by the environmental and endogenous regulators.

Stress physiology: general concepts, plant response to different stressors. Multiple stress.

15. Basic bibliography Larcher, W. 2002. Physiological Plant Ecology. Ecophysiology and Stress Physiology of Functional Groups. četrta izdaja, Springer, Berlin: 506 p. ISBN 3-540-43516-6

Lambers, H., Chapin III, F. S., Pons, T. L. 1998. Plant Physiological Ecology. Springer 540 p., ISBN 0-387-98326-0.

Epstein, E, Bloom, A.J. 2005- Mineral Nutrition of Plants: Principles and Perspectives. Sinauer, Sunderland. 400 s. ISBN 0-87893-172-4

Rengel , Z. 1999. Mineral nutrition of crops: Fundamental Mechanisms and Implications. Food Products Press , New York , 399 p. ISBN: 978-1-56022-880-0

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Marschner, H. 1995. Mineral nutrtion of higher plants. Druga izdaja. Academic PressLondon, 889 p., ISBN 0-12-473543-6.

Mengel K., Kirkby E.A. 2001 Principles of Plant Nutrition. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 849 p., ISBN 1-4020-0008-1

Nilsen E. T.; Orcutt D. M. 1996. Physiology of plants under stress. John Willey & Sons, New York, 689 p., ISBN 0-471-03152-6


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Student has knowledge on the plant responses under different growing conditions. He understands the regulatory mechanisms that enable plant to cope with constrains that affect its growth and development.

16.2 Application He is able to use this knowledge when deciding for technologies that modulate plant growth and development.

16.3 Reflection With the application of knowledge he is stimulated to the critical evaluation of accordance between theoretical approaches (or. general responses) with practice (or specific responses) (reflection).


Within the course students is stimulated to both individual and team work, with laboratory and field practice he is improving in using measuring techniques, collecting and interpreting data, etc. developing transferable skills.


Lectures, laboratory and field practices, seminar.




- Written exam (80%) - Seminar / project (20%)Evaluation scale: 0-5 (negative), 6-10 (positive, where 10 is the highest grade).



21. Curriculum compiler University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Dominik VODNIK

11

1. Title of unit/subject/module Scientific and Technical Information2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 3


L20

E10

S Other forms

5. Cycle Master 6. Year 1st 7. Semester 2nd


9. Branch of study


Elective 11. Language

English


The course involves both subject-specific and generic competences. At the end of the course the student will be able to independently identify and appraise the structure and contents of a variety of relevant technical and scientific documents and information resources in the field of plant sciences, reaching over fruit-specific statistics, standards, intellectual property-copy rights, legislation as well as scientific research and development. The student is expected to improve general scientific vocabulary and demonstrate document recognition and processing, and advanced information retrieval abilities.

14. Description of content Structure and characteristics of technical and scientific texts. Subject-specific crop/plant /fruit terminology. English and multilingual agricultural glossaries and thesauri, classification systems, and nomenclatures: sources of lexical knowledge.

Search logic and operators. Characteristics of scientific English with regard to information retrieval, both as a free-text search or as a subject-specific descriptor-based terminology (controlled-terms). Database architecture and platforms. Federated searching and metasearch. Characteristics of and differences between leading international search portals, e.g. word- and phrase-indexing, stemmers, truncation.

Agricultural and general scientific bibliographic databases and information systems, e.g. CAB Abstracts, Web of Science, Waicent, NAL-Agricola, Food Sciences and Technology Abstracts. Global agricultural Web-based information centers, e.g. Waicent, AgNic Plant Science, Agrifor. Digital M.Sc. theses and dissertations. Full-text scientific information systems, e.g. ScienceDirect, Ebsco, Springer.

Technical and other specialized global and international information systems with regard to crop and fruit production in the area of international statistics, standards and quality controls, legislation, patents, trademarks, e.g. Eurostat, Faostat, ISO Standards, Eurolex, Intellectual Property Digital Library.

Social aspects of information availability: international agricultural and biosciences initiatives financed by the EU and USA., as available to the third world countries at a reduced fee: Agora (Access to Global Online Research in Agriculture), TEEAL (The Essential Electronic Agricultural Library), HINARI.

Internet search engines and advanced search techniques. Retrieval optimization tips. Evaluating the accuracy of internet information. Some tricks and tips in dealing with data-transfer and text- or database-processing.

Use of search engines in scientific and technical writing and in

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organizing of one's documents. Metadata standards for electronic publishing. Open Access Publishing initiative.

Basics of search techniques in languages other than English with emphasis on special diacritics, accentuation, and word or sentence composition; cross-language information retrieval perspectives.

15. Basic bibliography FAO. 2003. Management of Electronic Documents Module. Information resource KIT. E-learning programme in agricultural information management. FAO and contributing partner organizations. 2003. CD-ROM [E-textbook with exercises].

ALA American Library Association. 2005. Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education.

http://www.ala.org/ala/acrl/acrlstandards/informationliteracycompetency.htm

OWL. Online Writing Lab. Perdue University. 2005.http://owl.english.purdue.edu/oldindex.htmlTheisen M.R. 2005. Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten. Technik - Methodik

- Form. Muenchen, Verlag Franz Vahlen: 292 p.ISO Technical Information and Documentation Committee 46.

Selected standards from the group TC 46. ISO-International Organization for Standardization. 2006 http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueListPage.CatalogueList?COMMID=1757&scopelist=CATALOGUE

Due to the specifics of rapid development in the field of scientific and technical information the additional recommended reading will be prepared timely and posted on the Web or distributed to the students on CD-ROMs.

An English language online textbook dedicated to Information Literacy In Agriculture is in current preparation and will be posted as an openly-available source on the Web page.

In addition to recommended materials the AgroWeb Slovenia site is serving as portal to current texts and links in all fields of agricultural sciences. Further emphasis will be put on fruit science and production.


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

General principles of the structure of technical and scientific documents. Types of documents. Problems of subject indexing, classification, or topic representation. Characteristics and structure of bibliographic, full-text and other databases, information systems and Web-resources. Subject-relevance of a specific information resource. The need for optimization of retrieval techniques.

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16.2 Application Performing literature searches in the field of fruit sciences, analyzing and evaluation of the retrieved data, use of the data in one's own project. Accurate identification of a structure or particular elements of a document or an information resource. Identification of the most relevant resource with regard to an individual information requirement in the field of fruit sciences and related disciplines. Skills in the use of appropriate search method relating to a specific information resource and use of information resources in designing or composing and structuring of one's own texts and documents. Simple tricks for improvement of written language skills.

16.3 Reflection Understanding the value of a high-quality and good structured scientific and technical information. Application of the most rational approach to a great, and ever growing, quantity of information resources. Selection of an optimal retrieval technique. Critical analysis and evaluation of the retrieved information. Intellectual synthesis of one's own project with the assistance of the retrieved and critically selected data. Awareness of lexical richness, specifics and characteristics of natural languages as contrasted with controlled terminology and subject-specific classification. Understanding of the Internet as a multicultural meta-forum for a better understanding and global cooperation between individuals and communities. Awareness of potential of open-access-publishing in removing barriers to scholarly literature on the internet.


Use of general information technology, information processing, and communication tools. Improvement both of general and subject-specific language competences. Use individual creativity in setting up an efficient information query, both in a free-text as well as in a structured and controlled information system. Better articulation and communication of one's information needs. Better response to general and subject-specific ideas and concepts.


Lectures, computer-laboratory sessions, visit of a major research library or a documentation/information centre.

18. Conditions for inclusion Enrolment in the year of the course.

14

or to undertake work required19. Methods of assessment and the assessment scale

- Final exam (60%)- Individual subject-specific assignment/project (30%)- Active participation at laboratory exercises (10%)Evaluation scale: 0-5 (negative), 6-10 (positive, where 10 is the highest grade).


Self-evaluation, student questionnaire

21. Curriculum compiler University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty: Assist. Prof. Dr. Tomaž Bartol

15

1. Title of unit/subject/module Growth and Development of Fruit Plants2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 7


L30

E30

S25

Other forms



9. Branch of study



English


Transfer of knowledge of key processes in fruit plants, which determine optimal growth and development – high annual yields and good fruit quality.

Student understands the functioning of fruit plants and the influence of environmental and technological factors on plant processes. He is able to understand the role of phyto-hormones, fruit yield as well as other physiological processes, the interaction scion/rootstock on induction and differentiation of flower buds and growth and development of fruits. He understands the importance of scientific approach to creating new technologies. He is able to achieve relevant information and use them for understanding of the theme.

14. Description of content Physiological aspects of growth and development of fruit plants (pome, stone, nut, small fruits,..).

Genetic resources of fruit plants.Endo- and exogenous growth regulators – their function and use

(reduction of vegetative growth, induction of differentiation, fruit thinning, decreasing of fruit russeting, …).

Growth, development and function of the growing point (effect of environmental conditions).

Morphological- and developmental- physiological specialities of fruit plants (tree architecture and crown volume of different fruit species).

Growth, development and function of generative and vegetative fruit tree roots in function of growing conditions, fruit species, rootstock and cultivar.

Effect of cultivar/rootstock combination on vegetative growth, yield quality and quantity.

Differentiation (flower bud induction and development): pome, stone, nut and small fruits.

Flowering, pollination and fertilisation (type of fruit set: self-compatibility, self-incompatibility, parthenocarpic fruits, apomixes).

Fruit setting, fruit drop, fruit thinning and biennial bearing.Fruit growth and development (seasonal growth curves for pome- and

stone- fruits, fruit and cell enlargement)Fruit ripening (metabolic modifications of fruit compounds,

climacteric and non-climacteric fruits).Fruit plant photosynthesis (effect of planting distances, training

systems, tree size, fruit set, leaf injury, ..).Pruning (effect on apical dominance, growth rate of tree,

photosynthesis, carbohydrate reserves, differentiation, fruit yield, biennial bearing and fruit quality).

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Tree architectural analysis as basis for fruit crop management (axillary productivity, successions of homogenous zones, reiteration, branching patterns, changes in structures of the trees with time, modeling of the development).

15. Basic bibliography Faust M. 1989. Physiology of Temperate Zone Fruit Trees. New York, John Wiley & sons: 338 p. ISBN 0-471-81781-3

Winter F. 2002 Lucas' Anleitung zum Obstbau. Stuttgart, Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co.: 448 p. ISBN 3-8001-5545-1

Jackson D.I., Looney N.E. 1999. Temperate ad subtropical fruit production. UK, Bidddles Ltd. ISBN 0-85199-271-4

Friedrich G., Fischer M. 2000. Physiologische Grundlagen des Obstbaues. Stuttgart, Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co.: 512 p. ISBN 3-8001-3475-6


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Student will know and understand the latest research achievements in the field of growth and development of fruit plants and will be able to make connections to earlier achieved knowledge.

16.2 Application On the basis of understanding the growth and development of fruit plants, the student will be able to critically evaluate present technologies in fruit growing as well as be able to create new ones which will be more environmental friendly.

16.3 Reflection The student will be able to make a connection from the knowledge he got from the basic courses with the special information regarding the physiology of fruit plants.


On the basis of different factors that influence growth and development of fruit plants the students will be able to identify the problems in commonly used technologies and with the synthesis of the knowledge and skills also find proper solutions.


Lectures, seminars, laboratory practices




- Written exam (80%)- Seminar work and public presentation of the work (20%)Evaluation scale: 0-5 (negative), 6-10 (positive, where 10 is the highest grade).



21. Curriculum compiler University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty: prof. dr. Franci ŠTAMPAR, assist. prof. dr. Valentina USENIK, assist.prof. dr. Metka HUDINA, dr. Anita SOLAR

17

1. Title of unit/subject/module Bioactive Compounds in Fruit Plants2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 7


L30

E30

S15

Other forms



9. Branch of study



English


Course goal is that student understands the secondary metabolic pathways in different fruit plants, which is the origin of bioactive compounds. He knows their importance in fruit production and for fruit quality.

Student understands the importance, role and the influence of different cultural practises on plant secondary metabolism (bioactive compounds) in fruit plants.

The student is able analytically monitor the seasonal changes in bioactive compounds in plants and to modulate the content of bioactive compounds with different cultural practices used in fruit production.

He understands the importance of scientific approach in the research of bioactive compounds and incorporation of the knowledge into creating new technologies.

14. Description of content Definition and classification of bioactive compounds in different fruit species.

Influence of genotype, environmental conditions, cultivation technology (pruning, fertilizing, irrigation, hail nets, plant protection…) and post-harvest conditions on biosynthesis and content of bioactive compounds.

Introduction into biochemistry of secondary pathways.Methods of extraction, analysis (spectrophotometer, HPLC, MS, ect.)

and bioactivity of different secondary plant metabolites. The role of different classes of bioactive substances

(phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, carotenoids, terpenoids, vitamins…) with emphasis on specialities in different fruit species.

Ecological aspect of secondary metabolites – improvement of plant resistance to pests and diseases (toxicity, repellents), inhibition of growth and development of competitional plants (allelochemicals), attraction of pollinators and seed dispersals (colour of flowers and fruits, smell, taste…), protection against unfavourable environmental conditions.

The content of bioactive compound in different tissue and plant organs as well as the seasonal changes.

The role of secondary compounds in plant susceptibility and resistance with special emphasis on biological fruit production.

Importance of bioactive compounds and fruit quality (fresh, stored and processed fruits) and their significance for human nutrition (functional food).

15. Basic bibliography Herrmann K. 2001. Inhaltsstoffe von Obst und Gemüse. Stuttgart Verlag Eugen Ulmer GmbH Co.:200 p. ISBN 3-8001-3139-0

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Heldt H-W. 1998. Plant biochemistry & molecular biology. New York, Oxford university press Inc.: 546 p. ISBN 0-19-850179-X

Michael W. 1999. Biochemistry of Plant Secondary Metabolism (Annual Plant Reviews S.). Sheffield Academic Press, p. ISBN 0-8493-4085-3

Ruhmann S., Leser C., Bannert M., Treutter D. 2002. Relationship between growth, secondary metabolism, and resistance of apple. Plant Biol. 4: 137-143.

Usenik V., Mikulic Petkovsek M., Solar A., Stampar F. 2004 Flavonols of leaves in relation to apple scab resistance. Z. Pflanzenkr. Pflanzenschutz 111: 137-144.

Veberic R., Trobec M., Herbinger K., Hofer M., Grill D., Stampar F. 2005. Phenolic compounds in some apple cultivars (Malus domestica Borkh.) of organic and integrated production. J. Sci. Food Agric., 85: 1687-1694.

Colarič M., Veberič R., Solar A., Hudina M., Štampar F. Phenolic acids, syringaldehyde, and juglone in fruits of different cultivars of Juglans regia L. J. agric. food chem., 2005, vol. 53, p. 6390-6396.


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Student will know and understand the importance of bioactive compounds in fruit production and the factors (environmental, cultural practices, genotype…), which can modulate their content in different fruit plant parts. Students will get confronted with the possibility of using bioactive compounds as a part of different production technologies as well as their importance in fruit quality and human nutrition.

16.2 Application After accomplishing the course the student will know the different scientific approaches and analytical procedures in determining the presence and quantification of individual bioactive compounds in fruit plants.

16.3 Reflection The student will be able to make an interdisciplinary approach between the secondary metabolism, environmental conditions, physiological processes and cultural practices in fruit production. Due to this synthesis the student will be able to understand and evaluate the meaning of bioactive compounds from the technological and nutritional point of view.

19


The students will be able from the viewpoint of advantages and risks of bioactive compounds to critically evaluate the fruit production technologies used in practice. On the basis of analysis and available literature the students will be able to identify the problems and suggest solutions with proper arguments. The students will use the advantages offered by team work and be able to transfer the gained knowledge to his colleagues.






- Written exam (80%)- Seminar work and public presentation of the work (20%)Evaluation scale: 0-5 (negative), 6-10 (positive, where 10 is the highest grade).



21. Curriculum compiler University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty: prof. dr. Franci ŠTAMPAR, assist. prof. dr. Robert Veberič

20

1. Title of unit/subject/module Nut Fruit Production2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 3


L20

E10

S Other forms



9. Branch of study



English


Course goal is that students understand integrated and ecological nut fruit production.

Students will know the procedures of establishing and maintaing the orchards.

The students will know the growing and development of walnut, hazelnut and chestnut.

They will be informed about quality standards and use of the fruits.They understand the importance of scientific approach to creating

new technologies in specific ecological conditions. They will able to achieve relevant information and use them for

understanding of the topic.14. Description of content Production in the world and possibilities for economical growing of

nut fruits in central European region (advantages and disadvantages).Origin of hazelnuts, walnuts and chestnuts and the environmental

conditions for growing.Phenological phases of annual cycle of nut plants (dormancy, bud

break, flowering, pollination, fruit set, hardening of the endocarp, ripening, harvesting, leaf drop).

Life cycle of nut plants (tree architecture- training system).Cultural practices (soil preparation, nutrition, plant propagation,

rootstocks, spacing, training and pruning, tillage, harvesting methods, storage).

Important pests and diseases of nut plants.Recommended cultivars for different climatic conditions (hazelnuts,

walnuts, chestnuts).Quality standards.

15. Basic bibliography Faust M. 1989. Physiology of Temperate Zone Fruit Trees. New York, John Wiley & sons: 338 p. ISBN 0-471-81781-3

Winter F. 2002 Lucas' Anleitung zum Obstbau. Stuttgart, Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co.: 448 str. ISBN 3-8001-5545-1

Jackson D.I., Looney N.E. 1999. Temperate ad subtropical fruit production. UK, Bidddles Ltd. ISBN 0-85199-271-4


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Student will know and understand the latest research achievements in the field of nut fruit production and will be able to make connections to earlier achieved knowledge.

21

16.2 Application On the basis of understanding the growth and development of nut plants, the student will be able to critically evaluate present technologies in nut fruit growing as well as be able to create new ones.

16.3 Reflection The student will be able to make a connection from the knowledge he got from the basic courses with the special information regarding the integrated and organic nut fruit production.


The students will be able to identify the problems in commonly used technologies in nut fruit production and with the synthesis of the knowledge and skills also find proper solutions.






- written exam (80%)- seminar work and public presentation of the work (20%)Evaluation scale: 0-5 (negative), 6-10 (positive, where 10 is the highest grade).



21. Curriculum compiler University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty: prof. dr. Franci ŠTAMPAR

22

1. Title of unit/subject/module Sustainable Mediterranean Fruit Production2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 6


L30

E30

S15

Other forms



9. Branch of study



English


Course goal is that students understand sustainable Mediterranean fruit production.

The students will know how establish an orchard and grow olives, figs, persimmons and kiwi.

They will be informed about quality standards and use of the fruits.They understand the importance of scientific approach to include

sustainable principles into new technologies in specific Mediterranean ecological conditions.

They will able to achieve relevant information and use them for understanding of the topic.

14. Description of content Sustainable fruit production (management decision, soil conservation, water conservation, human resources).

Ecological assessment of Mediterranean conditions for fruit production.

Historical development and economical importance of olive production in Mediterranean area.

Annual cycle of Mediterranean fruit plants (dormancy, bud break, flowering, pollination, fruit set, fruit growth, ripening, harvesting).

Sustainable cultural practices for olives, persimmon, fig, kiwi… Plant propagation, characteristics of important cultivars and

rootstocks.Spacing, training system and pruning, fruit thinning, soil tillage, plant

protection against economically important pests and diseases, harvesting methods, storage.

Quality assessment of fruits and processed products – especially olive oils.

Importance of olive oils in Mediterranean diet and importance for human health.

15. Basic bibliography Jackson D.I., Looney N.E. 1999. Temperate ad subtropical fruit production. UK, Bidddles Ltd. ISBN 0-85199-271-4

Poincelot, R. P. 2004. Sustainable horticulture. Today and tomorrow. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey. 870 str. ISBN 013-618554-1

Acta horticulturae 586, Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Olive Growing : [editors, C. Vitagliano, G.P. Martelli]. - Leuven, Belgium : International Society for Horticultural Science, 2002. - 2 v.(str. 1-431, 432-934) : ISSN 0567-7572

23


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Student will know and understand the importance of sustainable approach in the field of Mediterranean fruit production and will be able to make connections to earlier achieved knowledge.

16.2 Application On the basis of understanding the growth and development of Mediterranean fruit plants, the student will be able to critically evaluate present technologies and include new sustainable principles in new technologies.

16.3 Reflection The student will be able to make a connection from the knowledge he got from the basic courses with the special information regarding the sustainable Mediterranean fruit production.


The students will be able to identify the problems in commonly used technologies in olive, persimmon, fig and kiwi fruit production and with the synthesis of the knowledge and skills also find proper solutions.






- Written exam (80%)- Seminar work and public presentation of the work (20%). Evaluation scale: 0-5 (negative), 6-10 (positive, where 10 is the highest grade).



21. Curriculum compiler University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty: prof. dr. Franci ŠTAMPAR, assist. prof. dr. Valentina USENIK

24

1. Title of unit/subject/module Breeding Fruit Plants2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 3


L20

E10

S Other forms



9. Branch of study



English


Student get acquaintance with basic principles of fruit breeding specifically oriented for solving the most relevant breeding goals in major fruit species. Students are able to combine modern selection strategies based on molecular genetics and biotechnological methods with classical selection procedures.

14. Description of content For major fruit species - analysis of origin, major genebanks, cytogenetic and molecular data, characters controlled by monogenic and polygenic mode of inheritance.

Principles of recombination of genes by sexual, somatic, and molecular methods and the application of biotechnology in plant breeding to improve fruit plants.

Determination of pollen S allelic structure and its consequences. Classical and biotechnological tools for interspecific hybridization. Mutation breeding and somaclonal variation. Breeding systems and breeding objectives: fruit quality, control of

ripening, disease and pest resistance, cold hardiness, rootstock breeding.

15. Basic bibliography Janick J, Moore JN (1996) Fruit breeding Vol 1-3. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 0-471-31014-X; 0-471-12670-5; 0-471-12675-6

Chaha GS, Gosal SS (2002) Principles and Procedures of Plant Breeding. Alpha Science Int. Ltd. ISBN 1-84265-036-X

Secondary databases and primary scientific literature, mainly online.16. Envisaged learning outcomes

16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Student will know and understand basic principles of fruit breeding as well as modern breeding strategies and breeding goals.

16.2 Application This course is oriented to and give student both theoretical and practical knowledge of fruit breeding. Knowledge can be implemented in involvement in plant breeding programes but can also serve as starting point for more detailed studies of this subject.

16.3 Reflection Student will be able to get an overview of the existing knowledge at this scientific field and to compose various partial information gathered during previous courses.

25


Understanding of breeding methods and strategies will enable student not only to work on specific topic of plant breeding but also to understand structure of modern cultivars and also predict and explain to fruit growers future achievements.






- Written exam (80%),- Seminar work and public presentation of the work (20%).Evaluation scale: 0-5 (negative), 6-10 (positive, where 10 is the highest grade).



21. Curriculum compiler University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty: prof. dr. Borut Bohanec

26

1. Title of unit/subject/module Techniques in Fruit Plant Ecophysiology2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 3


L10

E20

S Other forms



9. Branch of study



English


Course goals: to learn on different measuring techniques that can be used in the eco-physiological research on fruit plants and can support horticultural technologies.

Competences: student achieves the knowledge on the basic principles of eco-physiological methods. He is trained to use them both under lab and field conditions.

14. Description of content Principles of instrumentation for ecophysiology. Measurement and measurements errors, instrument organization and initiation, field data acquisition, sampling consideration.

Water in the environment. Radiation and light measurements. Wind and boundary layer resistance. Temperature and energy budgets. Measurements of transpiration and leaf conductance. Plant water status, hydraulic resistance and capacitance. Approaches to studying nutrient uptake, use and loss in plants. Photosynthetic measurements: principles and field techniques. Gas exchange systems. Calculating gas-exchange parameters. Fluorescence techniques – principles and applications. Stable isotopes techniques and the measurements of photosynthesis, water use efficiency and nutrient use efficiency. Growth analysis, carbon allocation, carbon and energy cost of growth and maintenance.

Root systems: determination of root length and surface area. Root system turnover and production. Methods to study root functions.

15. Basic bibliography Reigosa Roger M. J. 2001. Handbook of Plant Ecophysiology Techniques. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 452 s., ISBN 0-7923-7053-8

von Willert D.J., Matyssek R., Herppich W. 1995. Experimentelle Pflanzenökologie – Grundlagen und Anwendungen. Gerog Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York, 344s., ISBN 3-13-134401-6

Pearcy RW, Ehleringer J, Mooney HA, Rundel PW 1989. Plant Physiological Ecology.Field Methods and Instrumentation, Chapman and Hall, London. 457 S., ISBN 0 412 40730 2

Larcher, W. 2002. Physiological Plant Ecology. Ecophysiology and Stress Physiology of Functional Groups. četrta izdaja, Springer, Berlin: 506 s. ISBN 3-540-43516-6


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Student knows different techniques used in eco-physiology.

27

16.2 Application He understands the principles of measuring techniques and is able to use them properly in relation to given research hypotheses and with respect to the external factors that might influence the outcome of the measurements.

16.3 Reflection With the use of these techniques he is stimulated to the critical evaluation of measuring approaches (reflection).


Within the course students is stimulated to both individual and team work, with laboratory and field practice he is improving in using research equipment, collecting and interpreting data, etc. developing transferable skills.


Lectures, laboratory and field practices (project work).




- Written exam (60%)- Seminar / project (40%)Evaluation scale: 0-5 (negative), 6-10 (positive, where 10 is the highest grade).



21. Curriculum compiler University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Dominik VODNIK

28

1. Title of unit/subject/module Master Thesis University of Ljubljana2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 30


L E S Other forms375



9. Branch of study



English


Objective is preparation of the Master thesis where student proves knowledge and understanding of theoretical and practical aspect of different fields of fruit science. The student is able to identify and solveing of concrete technological problem with use of scientific qualitative and quantitative methods. Student solves problems with the help of professional and scientific literature, creates new information and uses them on different levels of making decisions.

14. Description of content Master thesis is usually based on experimental work from different fields of fruit science.Content of master thesis:IntroductionWorking hypothesisOverview of literatureMaterial and methodsResults and discussionConclusions and recommendationsReferences

15. Basic bibliography Instructions for writing master thesis: http://www.agroweb.bf.unilj.si/Navodila_BF.htmlRelevant literature from the field of master thesis.


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Student is able to identify concrete problems in different fields of fruit science and is capable to search for relevant information and with the use of knowledge and skills as well as with interdisciplinary approach recommends proper solutions for the problem

16.2 Application Student is able to use different principles, laws or models for solving selected problems or tasks in the master thesis.

16.3 Reflection Student synthesizes and generates new information, uses critical evaluation at determinations and solving of chosen problem.

29


Students use knowledge and practical experience in improving of existing technologies in development and implementation of new technologies in different fields of fruit science.


Autonomous processing of chosen problem (experiment), consultations with supervisor.




Written master thesis (positively evaluated by supervisor and two reviewers), public defense of the thesis Evaluation scale: 0-5 (negative), 6-10 (positive, where 10 is the highest grade).



21. Curriculum compiler University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty

30

1. Title of unit/subject/module Plant Breeding and Biotechnology2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS

credits 5


L42

E14

S Other forms

5. Cycle 6. Year 1 7. Semester 18. Study programme

International Master of Fruit Science

9. Branch of study


Compulsory 11. Language CZ /EN


Main goal of this subject is to acquaint students with basic principles of genetics, instability and changes in plant genomes, plant breeding New biotechnology techniques applied in contemporary genetics will also be introduced.

14. Description of content The course will cover the following topics:Introduction to classical and molecular genetics (inheritance, Mendelian rules, mitosis, meiosis, alleles interaction, QTL's, genes linkage)

Molecular principles of inheritance (structure and function of DNA, DNA replication, recombination)

Gene function (genetic code, transcription, translation, proteins: structure and function)

Genes and genome structure (eukaryotic chromosomes, gene regulation, gene interactions; linkage and linkage maps)

Instability and changes in plant genomes (mutations of genes, induction and detection of mutations, repairing process, mutations of genomes, polyploidy, aneuploids, haploids, transpozon elements)

Genetic and phenotypic variation (population genetics, Hardy – Weinberger equilibrium)

Genetics of pest and disease resistanceBiotechnological tools and principles used for genetic analysis and genetic engineering

(PCR, RT-PCR, Real Time PCR, methods for determination of genome size and its variability, cultivar identification, marker assisted selection)

15. Basic bibliography Urban, T., Vyhnánek, T. Virtuální svět genetiky 1. Tištěná forma multimediálního hypertextu na CD. 1. vyd. Brno: MZLU, 2002. 139ISBN 80-7157-613-1.Chloupek, O. Genetická diverzita, Šlechtění a semenářství Academia Praha 1995 Hraška, Š. a kol. Genetika rastlin Príroda Bratislava 1990 Kováčik, A. a kol. Genetika rostlin - 1983 George Acquaah Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding, Blackwell Publishing, Incorporated; 1st edition (September 27,

31

http://www.amazon.com/s/102-9459664-0764949?ie=UTF8&index=books&rank=-relevance%2C%2Bavailability%2C-daterank&field-author-exact=Acquaah%2C%20George

2006)Dominique De Vienne. Molecular Markers in Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Science Publishers (February 2003)


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Gain profound knowledge about classical and molecular plant genetics

Develop an understanding of the advanced applications of genetic and biotechnological techniques for breeding goals and genetic analysis of plants.

16.2 Application Based on the understanding of principles of modern plant breeding and biotechnological methods students will be able to implement innovative plant breeding programs in the practice.

16.3 Reflection Significantly reflect recent trends in the area of new breeding and biotechnological techniques in the field of agriculture.


Improve skills in the use of accessible scientific informations by applying various interactive searching tools

Impair writing abilities by compiling a seminar works

Able to understand and explain to growers potential for using of modern biotechnology and breeding approaches.

17. Methods of teaching and learning lessons + seminars, individual assignments, workshop18. Conditions for inclusion or to undertake work required

Enrolment in the year of the course

Students should attend in parallel: Biotechnology in Horticulture - Laboratory Exercises


final written test and oral exam, evaluated presentation during workshop

20. Method of evaluation of quality ECTS system21. Curriculum compiler Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno

Doc. RNDr. Miroslav Pidra, CSc Tel: +420 519 367 311e-mail: [email protected].

32

1. Title of unit/subject/module Biotechnology in Horticulture - Laboratory Exercises

2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits

3


L0

E28

S Other forms

5. Cycle Master 6. Year 1 st 7. Semester 1 st8. Study programme


9. Branch of study


Compulsory 11. Language Czech/English


Main goal of this subject is to acquaint students with various applications of molecular genetic methods and their use in fruit growing practice. On the base of conveniently selected laboratory exercises students will handle experiments based on up to date principles (restriction enzymes, PCR, Real Time PCR, reverse transcription...).

14. Description of content Program of the laboratory practicals: 1) Utilisation of Real Time PCR - basic principle of PCR- principles of measurement of amplification yeilds and quantification of target DNA templates by Real Time PCR -amplification of common DNA templates – theory vs. Real Time PCR data- utilisation of Real Time PCR for detection of GMO - utilisation of Real Time PCR for fruit viruses identification2) Application of molecular markers for genetic diversity evaluations and cultivars identification- principles and differences between most commonly used methods – RAPD, SSR and AFLP- preparation of PCR reactions - horizontal agarose electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis and its application for generation of RAPD and SSR markers. - utilisation of DNA-based markers (construction of dendrogram of genetic similarity between analysed cultivars based on RAPD data; identification of cultivars on the base of differences in its SSR spectra).

15. Basic bibliography Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E.F. and Maniatis, T. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 1989, 2nd ed. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Plainview, NY. ISBN 0-87969-309-6.

Clark, M. S. Plant Molecular Biology: A Laboratory Manual.1997, Springer-Verlag. ISBN 3-540-58405-6.

Baránek, M., Moravcová, K. and Pidra, M. Biotechnologie v zahradnictví - návody pro praktická cvičení. 2006, ediční

33

středisko MZLU v Brně: Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická univerzita v Brně. ISBN 80-7157-937-8.



Gain theoretical and practical knowledge about various molecular techniques and their application in different areas of fruit growing process

Learn how to correctly prepare practical experiments and to evaluate experimental data.

Improving of an understanding of the research process in general and its potential in fruit production area too.

16.2 Application Acquire practical experiences with basic handlings usually used in molecular genetic laboratories

Gain view about practical background of basic methods recently used within molecular genetic studies.

16.3 Reflection Significantly reflect recent trends in application of new biotechnological techniques in the field of agriculture.


Improve skills in the use of basic tools utilised in molecular genetic laboratory, molecular data analysis as well as utilisation of suitable software.

Abilities of measured data interpretation and compiling reports about scientific experiments

Practice teamwork by collaborating with other students in exercises


Laboratory practice


Enrolment in the year of the courseStudents should attend in parallel: lecture on Plant Breeding and Biotechnology


Totaly 100 pointsWritten exam (40 points)Attendance at laboratory practicals (40 points)Preparation of laboratory report (20 points) Evaluation scale: A-F (A= 91 – 100; B= 81 – 90; C= 71-80; D = 61-70; E = 51- 60; F = lower than 50 points, unsuccefull


Institutional self-evaluation by students

21. Curriculum compiler Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno

34

MSc. Miroslav Baránek, Ph.D, Tel: +420 519 367 313, e-mail: [email protected]

35

1. Title of unit/subject/module Pome Fruit Production and Nursery Techniques2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS

credits7


L28

E42

S Other forms

5. Cycle master 6. Year 1 7. Semester 18. Study programme

compulsory 9. Branch of study



11. Langua

ge

Czech


To inform students about the physiology, morphology and required growing conditions for the main temperate fruit crops, including physiological problems, life-cycles, self-compatibility, flower-bud set and the fruit tree viewed as an integrated system, and the main pests and diseases.The part about nursery techniques will be focused on teaching the theory and practice of fruit-tree nurseries so that students to be able to manage a nursery, including seed production and the production of young trees.

14. Description of content This course covers cultivation techniques and training systems for pome fruit and nursery production methods:

- current situation in apple and pear production world-wide- basic conditions required- flowering, pollination and fertilisation of apples and pears- pruning (effect of apical dominance, growth rate of tree)- fruit thinning (fruit set, fruit drop, biennial cropping and

fruit duality, fruit yield, fruit and cell enlargement)- apple and pear varieties (domestic and international

developments)- estimating harvest time, requirements for long-term fruit

storage - modern training systems, establishing a new orchard- fruit classification- main pest and diseases- behaviour and main characteristics of pome rootstocks,

effect of cultivar/rootstock combinations on vegetative growth, yield and fruit duality, graft incompatibility

- grafting and budding , quality of sapling material

15. Basic bibliography FERREE, David Curtis: Apples , botany, production, and uses, Wallingford : CABI Publishing 2003, 660 s. ISBN: 0-85199-592-6JACKSON, John Ellwood: Biology of apples and pears, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press 2003, 488 s. ISBN: 0-521-38018-9O'ROURKE, Andrew Desmond: The world apple market , New York

36

: Food Products Press 1993, 237 s. ISBN: 1-56022-041-4JANICK, Jules: Wild apple and fruit trees of Central Asia, Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons c2003, 403 s. : il. Horticultural reviews, ISBN: 0-471-21968-1CRANDALL, Perry: Bramble production , the management and marketing of raspberries and blackberries, Binghamton, NY : Food Products Press 1994, 213 s. : il.ISBN: 1-56022-853-9JACKSON, David I: Temperate and subtropical fruit production, Wallingford : CABI Publishing 1999, 332 s , il, ISBN: 0-85199-271-4BAUGHER, Tara Auxt: Concise encyclopedia of temperate tree fruit, New York : Food Products Press 2003,387 s ISBN: 1-56022-940-3, 1-56022-941-1TROMP, J: Fundamentals of temperate zone tree fruit production, Leiden : Backhuys Publishers c2005, 400 s. , il ISBN: 90-5782-152-4DESVIGNES, Jean-claude: Virus Diseases of Fruit Trees , Diseases due to viroids, viruses, phytoplasmas and other undetermined infectious agents, Paris : CTIFL 1999, 202 s.ISBN: 2-87911-143-9KHAN, Jawaid A: Plant viruses as molecular pathogens, New York : Food Products Press 2002, 537 s.: il. ISBN: 1-56022-895-4 DESVIGNES, Jean Claude: Maladies a virus des arbres fruitiers , /Maladies a virus, a mycoplasmes et a viroides, Paris : CTIFL 1990, 126 s. ISBN: 2-901002-78-1


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

The students will understand the techniques of pome fruit growing and nursery production. From the last semester they will already know about the physiogical aspects of the growth and development of fruit trees.

16.2 Application Students will be able to critically evaluate present techniques for pome fruit production, as well as the production of young trees.

16.3 Reflection The students will be able to make a connection between their acquired knowledge of plant physiology and the growing techniques employed for fruit trees.


The basic principles of plant physiology and the development of appropriate growing systems have applications throughout the field of horticulture.


Lectures, seminars, field work.




Totaly 100 pointsWritten exam (40 points)Attendance at laboratory practicals (40 points)Preparation of laboratory report (20 points)

37

Evaluation scale: A-F (A= 91 – 100; B= 81 – 90; C= 71-80; D = 61-70; E = 51- 60; F = lower than 50 points, unsuccefull



21. Curriculum compiler Mendel Agriculture and Forestry University in Brno, Faculty of Horticulture in Lednice; Ass.Prof.Dr. Boris Krška, Dipl.Ing. Ivo OndrášekE-mail: [email protected]

38

1. Title of subject/module/unit Fruit Processing2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 5


L28

E28

S Other forms

5. Cycle Master´s 6. Year 1st 7. Semester 1st


9. Branch of study



Czech


A knowledge of the chemical composition of fresh fruit at harvest is required in order to understand the properties of processed fruit. Thermal technology is at the core of fruit preservation. Students will be introduced to the principles of indirect preservation, such as drying, deep freezing, protection against the action of oxygen and fermentation processes. Laboratory work will provide practical experience of the main conservation techniques.

14. Description of content Principles of preventing microbiological spoilage and moisture limitation. All methods of direct and indirect preservation, such as principles of head-canned food processing. Other physical methods used in the processing of fruit and vegetables, such as ohming heating, high-frequency heating, drying and freezing, as well as the use of chemical agents in semi-processed fruit, and fermentative processes,.

15. Basic bibliografy Richardson, P. (2001) Thermal technologies in Food Processing. Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge, England.ISBN 0-8943-1216-7Arthey, D. and Ashurst, P.R. (2001) Fruit Processing. An Aspen Publication, Aspen Publisher, Gaithersburg, Maryland. ISBN 0-8342- 1733-3Jongen, W. (2002) Fruit and Vegetable Processing. Woodhead Publishing Ltd, Abington, Cambridge, England. ISBN 1- 85573-548-2Shapton, A. and Shapton, N.F. (1998) Principles and Practices for the Safe Processing of Foods. Woodhead PublishingLtd., Cambridge,England. ISBN 1- 85573 -362-5



Students will learn the principles of processing the raw material in preparation for subsequent operations, and study in detail the many various techniques used in the final stages, such as canning, etc. There will be an emphasis on the principles of using heat to prevent microbiological spoilage and preserve the quality of fruit.

39

16.2 Application Lab activities will focus on lethal and inhibitory agents in relation to preventing food poisoning in canned foods. Methods of examination will depend on the nature of the canned food. Chemical preservatives will be applied to semi-processed fruit and other salted and acidified products. Methods of preservation will be oriented toward the future practical activities of graduate students.

16.3 Reflection Knowledge of the progress made in preservation processes will help give a better understanding of all aspects of quality management.


This knowledge of preventing possible microbial spoilage has applications throughout the food industry, and could extend into medical and pharmaceutical manufacturing fields as well.


Lectures, laboratory practical work and visits to processing factories.


Enrolment in the year of the course.Pre-requisite is a basic course in chemistry, plant physiology and fruit conservation.


- Written exam (30%) and oral exam (60%)- Attendance at laboratory practicals and preparation of laboratory Reports (10%)Evaluation scale: Grades from A (best) to F (worst)

20. Method of evaluation of course quality

Student questionnaire.

21. Curriculum compiler Prof. Dr. Jan Goliáš, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry (Brno)

40

1. Title of unit/subject/module Floriculture2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 74. Contact hours Total

70L28

E42

S Other forms

5. Cycle Master 6. Year 1 7. Semester 18. Study programme


9. Branch of study


Elective 11. Language Czech


To introduce graduates to the commercially most important flowers and their growing techniques, their biology and any special requirements, and their uses and commercial value. This is focussed on cut flowers and greenery. In the lessons the accent is on flower assortment and economic profitability of flower growing.

14. Description of content Flower production: History and present situation, both in the Czech Republic and the World. Geographical origins of the most important flower species, and the climatic and vegetative zones where they occur, including their cultivation requirements.Tropical plants grown in greenhouses for their cut flowers or as pot plants (for example: Phalaenopsis and Anthurium).Photoperiod-sensitive flowering pot plants (for example: Poinsettia and Kalanchoë).Foliage pot plants (for example: Ficus, Schefflera and Hedera).Ferns as pot plants for greenery production (for example: Nephrolepis and Adiantum).The rose and its privilege position as a greenhouse cut flower.Forcing sub-tropical, evergreen tree species in pots (for example: Rhododendron and Hydrangea).Forcing bulbous and rhizomatous flowers (for example: Tulipa, Zantedeschia).

Perennials as cut flowers and pot plants (for example: Chrysanthemum, Aster).Pot plants and park flower cultivars using, as an example, the growing techniques for hybrid Begonias. Balcony flowers as seasonal pot plants (for example: Pelargonium and Impatiens).Greenhouse cultivars for the production of greenery (for example: Asparagus and Ruscus) Forcing of trees in soil packages and the forcing of cut branches (for example: Syringa and Prunus).

15. Basic bibliography Escher F. & al: Schnittblumenkulturen. Handbuch der Erwerbsgärtners, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1996 Kobza F.: Květinářství. Skleníkové květiny na řez květů a zeleně. Učební texty MZLU v Brně, 1988Uher J.: Květinářství. Vývoj sortimentů hrnkových a parkových květin. Učební texty MZLU v Brně, 1997Röber R. & al.: Topfpflanzenkulturen. Handbuch der Erwerbsgärtners, Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994

41

Vít J. & al.: Květinářství. Nakladatelství Květ, ČZS Praha, 2001Bruning H.: Kulturberichten für den Zierpflanzenbau. Topfpflanzenkulturen. http://www.kulturberichte.de/



Students will be familiar with the range of commercially available flowers, the growing techniques from a biological and physiological point of view, and also the economics of production.

16.2 Application The information can be used not just in the field of flower production, but also in all fields which have something to do with flowers (flower arranging, florists shops and science).

16.3 Reflection A more effective use of flowers, with respect to their physiological needs and market demand, and a knowledge of the potential range available is reflected in the demand for students in the labour market (floristry, business and botanical gardens)


The preparation and presentation of seminar work , critical analysis of historical progress and new technology in the production of the most important flower cultivars.


Lectures, practical excercises in seminars, field work.


a) A practical knowledge of flowers

b) Elaboration of the seminar work

c) Demonstration of knowledge in tests. 19. Methods of assessment and the assessment scale

- Written examination (60 %) and regular oral examination (40 %)


Institutional online self-evaluation by students

21. Curriculum compiler Dr. Ing. Jiří Uher, email: [email protected]

42

1. Title of unit/subject/module Dendrology2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 54. Contact hours Total

56L28

E 28

S Other forms

5. Cycle Master 6. Year 1. 7. Semester 1.8. Study programme


9. Branch of study


Elective 11. Languag

e

Czech


Students will learn to recognize the main species and varieties (cultivars) of ornamental trees which are suitable for planting in urban areas, villages and even in the open countryside. They will also study the methods of propagation, care and maintenance of trees used in landscape gardening.

14. Description of content The characteristics of ornamental trees: growth habit, bark, leaves, flowers and inflorescences, fruits and seeds, scents and edible, or possibly poisonous, properties. Their requirements: soils, temperature, light and climate. Their uses: as climbers, ground cover, at the road-side, in hedging and green corridors, in rockeries, as sound and wind barriers, in land reclamation and to prevent soil erosion. Care and maintenance of permanent plantings: pre- and post-planting, routine annual care and additional maintenance as and when required.

15. Basic bibliography REMEŠOVÁ, D.,OSVALD,Z. Všechno o listnatých keřích, Slovart,Praha ,2004, 96 s., ISBN 80-7209-551-X; HIEKE,K. Praktická dendrology 1, 1.vydání,Praha, SZN ,1978. 533s. HIEKE,K. Praktická dendrology 2, 1.vydání, Praha, SZN, 1978, 589s. WALTER,V. Pěstování okrasných stromů a keřů, HIEKE, K. Lexikon okrasných dřevin, Helma, Praha, 1994, 730 s. PEJCHAL, M. Vybrané otázky péče o vzrostlé dřevinné vegetační prvky.Habilitační práce, MZLU Brno,1996,198s.



Students will have a basic knowledge of caring for ornamental trees, including growing, propagation and planting.

16.2 Application This knowledge will be useful for establishing new nurseries, propagating and caring for ornamental trees, and for planting schemes in urban areas, villages and the open countryside.

43

16.3 Reflection This knowledge will facilitate the effective and appropriate use of ornamental trees in new plantings to improve the living environment..


This information has application in all aspects of landscape gardening, parks management and environmental conservation.


Lectures, seminars,




Recognition of trees by their twigs, leaves, flowers and fruits: (50%)Oral exam: (50%)


Institutional on-line self-evaluation by students

21. Curriculum compiler Doc.Ing.Dáša Remešová,CSc., e-mail: [email protected], phone: +420- 519 367 323

44

mailto:[email protected]

1. Title of unit/subject/module Winemaking 2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS

credits5


L28

E28

S Other forms



9. Branch of study



Czech


To inform students about winemaking worldwide, international wine styles and the production of special wines. To teach analytical methods for determining the presence of additives in wine alongside the natural compounds found in wine.

14. Description of content 1. Production of sparkling wines in the Czech Republic2. Production of champagne3. Freixenet (Spanish sparkling wine)4. Hungarian and Slovakian tokay wines5. Spanish wines like sherry and Malaga6. Aromatic wines - Vermouth, kosher and mass wines7. Portuguese wines like Port and Madeira8. German wines, Rhone and Mosel regions9. French wine10. Characteristics of Czech winemaking regions11. California, New Zealand and South Africa

15. Basic bibliography Johnson, H., Robinsonová,J.:., Světový atlas vína , Fortuna Print Praha 2002.Stevenson,T.Světová encyklopedie vína, Bratislava 1993.Švejcar,V.,Voldřich,R., Chemie, mikrobiologie speciálních vín , VŠZ Brno,1991,skriptum.V.,Voldřich,R., Vinařství Technologie šumivých vín, SNTL, Praha 1984.


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Current scientific progress in the field of international and special wines

16.2 Application Improved winemaking skills and making better wine.

16.3 Reflection Recognizing opportunities for improving technique.

45


Use of domestic and foreign literature and other information resources. Identifying and solving problems, critical analysis of product defects and possible remedies, critical analysis of literature.


Lectures and laboratory exercises, excursions







21. Curriculum compiler Doc. Dr. Ing. Marie Kyseláková, CSc., e-mail: [email protected], phone: +420 519 367 252

46

1. Title of unit/subject/module Vegetable Production2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS

credits7

4. Contact hours Total 70

L 28

E 42

S Other forms

5. Cycle 6. Year 7. Semester8. Study programme

International Master of Fruit science

9. Branch of study


Elective 11. Langua

ge

Czech


To acquaint students with individual species of vegetables, including their morphology, growing techniques, harvest methods, marketing, quality standards and available varieties.

14. Description of content Botanical characteristics, nutritional qualities, growing methods, harvesting, post-harvest processes, grading standards and varieties of the standard range of: vegetable fruits (tomatoes, peppers, etc.), legumes, leaf vegetables, brassicas and root and bulb vegetables.

15. Basic bibliography BARTOŠ, J. a kol. Pěstování a odbyt zeleniny, Agrospoj Praha, 2000,s.286KOTT,L., MORAVEC,J. Pěstování a použití méně známých zelenin, SZN Praha, 1989, s. 268MALÝ,I. a kol. Polní zelinářství, Agrospoj Praha, 1998, s.196PETŔÍKOVÁ,K. a kol. Zelenina – pěstování, ekonomika, prodej Nakl. Profi Press, s.r.o., Praha 2006, s. 240VOGEL,G.Handbuch des speziellen Gemüsebaues. Eugen Ulmer,Stuttgart, 1996, s. 1126


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Students will be able to apply their theoretical knowledge of nutrition, physiology and plant pathology to growing techniques for vegetables.

16.2 Application This knowledge can be used on farms in the actual production, and also in marketing, of vegetables.

16.3 Reflection This course will increase the ability of our growers to compete in current markets.

47


The competences here can be applied to any horticultural or agricultural product, whether in production, sales or marketing.


Lectures, seminars







21. Curriculum compiler Doc.Ing. Kristína Petříková,CSc., e-mail: [email protected]:+420- 519 367 231

48


1. Title of unit/subject/module Stone Fruit Production2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS

credits7


L24

E24

S8

Other forms



9. Branch of study


compulsory 11. Langua

ge

English


Students will be taught the basic principles of growing stone fruits, enabling them to subsequently work on commercial fruit farms, in government institutions or in specialised teaching establishments. This course covers cultivation techniques and training systems for stone fruits, and new developments both in the Czech Republic and abroad. This includes: required growing conditions, pruning and modern training systems, commercially popular varieties and promising new varieties, harvesting and the major pests and diseases.

14. Description of content This course covers cultivation techniques and training systems for stone fruit production:

- current situation in apricot, peach, sweet and sour cherries and plum production

world-wide- basic conditions required- main breeding goals for stone fruits- flowering, pollination and fertilisation of stone fruits- pruning (effect of apical dominance, growth rate of tree)- fruit thinning (fruit set, fruit drop, biennial cropping and

fruit quality)- stone fruit varieties (domestic and international

developments)- modern training systems, requirements for establishing

new plantations, characteristics of different training systems

- fruit classification - main pest and diseases

15. Basic bibliography JACKSON, David I: Temperate and subtropical fruit production, Wallingford : CABI Publishing 1999, 332 s , il, ISBN: 0-85199-271-4NAKASONE, H. Y - PAULL, R. E: Tropical fruits, Wallingford : CAB International 1998, 450 s. ISBN: 0-85199-254-4BAUGHER, Tara Auxt: Concise encyclopedia of temperate tree fruit, New York : Food Products Press 2003,387 s ISBN: 1-56022-940-3, 1-

49

56022-941-1TROMP, J: Fundamentals of temperate zone tree fruit production, Leiden : Backhuys Publishers c2005, 400 s. , il ISBN: 90-5782-152-4JANICK, Jules: Fruit breeding , Volume I, II, III, New York : John Wiley & Sons 1995, 616 s.:il. ISBN: 0-471-31014-XDESVIGNES, Jean-claude: Virus Diseases of Fruit Trees , Diseases due to viroids, viruses, phytoplasmas and other undetermined infectious agents, Paris : CTIFL 1999, 202 s.ISBN: 2-87911-143-9KHAN, Jawaid A: Plant viruses as molecular pathogens, New York : Food Products Press 2002, 537 s.: il. ISBN: 1-56022-895-4 DESVIGNES, Jean Claude: Maladies a virus des arbres fruitiers , /Maladies a virus, a mycoplasmes et a viroides, Paris : CTIFL 1990, 126 s. ISBN: 2-901002-78-1


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Students will be competent to manage stone fruit orchards. and will have up-to-date knowledge of the latest research findings concerning apricots and peaches from the activities of the Dept. of Fruit growing in Lednice.

16.2 Application On the basic of their newly-acquired knowledge about stone fruit growing, students will be able to critically evaluate techniques of stone fruit growing and choose the most appropriate for their situation.

16.3 Reflection Becausethe Horticultural Faculty in Lednice is situated in the most suitable stone fruit growing area in the Czech Republic, students will be able to meet commercial growers and learn about current developments first-hand.


The ability to critically evaluate different growing techniques and the knowledge of plant physiology can be applied in all horticultural fields.


Lectures, seminars,field excercise







21. Curriculum compiler Mendel Agriculture and Forestry University in Brno, Faculty of Horticulture in Lednice; Ass.Prof.Dr. Boris Krška, Dipl.Ing. Ivo Ondrášek

50

E-mail: [email protected]

51


1. Title of unit/subject/module Minor fruit species2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS

credits7


L24

E24

S8

Other forms



9. Branch of study


compulsory 11. Langua

ge

English


The aim of this course is to acquire a detailed knowledge of the minor fruit species which can be grown in Central Europe. Students will learn about their specific requirements, the lay-out of orchards and the different cultivation techniques, knowledge which can be applied in specialised fruit farms, in government institutions and educational establishments. This course will cover cultivation techniques for minor fruits, pruning and modern training systems, descriptions of commercially available varieties and promising new varieties, harvesting and the major pests and diseases.

14. Description of content - basic conditions required- genetic resources of minor fruits- flowering and pollination of minor fruits- possible commercial and amateur growing techniques- propagation methods - medicinal and other uses for minor fruits

- fruit processing possibilities for ethnic food15. Basic bibliography JACKSON, David I: Temperate and subtropical fruit production,

Wallingford : CABI Publishing 1999, 332 s , il, ISBN: 0-85199-271-4NAKASONE, H. Y - PAULL, R. E: Tropical fruits, Wallingford : CAB International 1998, 450 s. ISBN: 0-85199-254-4RAMOS, David E: Walnut production manual, Oakland : University of California Press 1998,¨320 s., ISBN: 1-879906-27-9 BAUGHER, Tara Auxt: Concise encyclopedia of temperate tree fruit, New York : Food Products Press 2003,387 s ISBN: 1-56022-940-3, 1-56022-941-1TROMP, J: Fundamentals of temperate zone tree fruit production, Leiden : Backhuys Publishers c2005, 400 s. , il ISBN: 90-5782-152-4OBLAK, Milica: Ameriške borovnice , razvoj rastline in gojenje, Ljubljana : Kmečki glas 1996, 122 s. ISBN: 961-203-106-1JANICK, Jules: Fruit breeding , Volume I, II, III, New York : John Wiley & Sons 1995, 616 s.:il. ISBN: 0-471-31014-XRAY, P. K: Breeding tropical and subtropical fruits, Berlin : Springer Verlag 2002, 337 s. : il.ISBN: 3-540-42855-0, 0-387-42855-0, 81-7319-455-6

52

VICHROW, Detlef: Conservation of genetic resources , costs and implications for a sustainable utilization of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, Berlin : Springer Verlag 1999, 243 s. ISBN: 3-540-65343-0MAXTED, Nigel: Plant genetic conservation , the in situ approach, 1st ed. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers 1997, 446 s. ISBN: 0-412-63400-7HAWKES, John Gregory - MAXTED, Nigel: The ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources: Kluwer Academic Publishers 2000, 250 s. : barev. foto. ISBN: 0-7923-6442-2


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

This course will be focused on the minor fruit species which can be grown in Central Europe, for both commercial and amateur growers. Students will be able to relate this information to their other knowledge of fruit growing..

16.2 Application Students will be able to identify, propagate and grow these more unusual kinds of fruits, which can be said to be more environmental friendly than others because chemical protection is not required.

16.3 Reflection The students will have an opportunity to see these plants growing wild in highland areas and also under cultivation.


the students will be able to assess the advantages and disadvantages of growing exotic species, and this can be applied to any aspect of horticulture.


Lectures, seminars, field work.







21. Curriculum compiler Mendel Agriculture and Forestry University in Brno, Faculty of Horticulture in Lednice; Ass.Prof.Dr. Boris Krška, Dipl.Ing. Ivo OndrášekE-mail: [email protected]

53


1. Title of subject/module/unit Fruit Storage2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 4


L24

E0

S6

Other forms

5. Cycle Master´s 6. Year 2nd 7. Semester 2nd + 3rd


9. Branch of study


elective 11. Language

English


Students will study the basic principles of post-harvest physiology in fresh fruit. This knowledge of post-harvest biology and related technology will be applied in practical training in storehouses and packing centres. Practical work during lab excercises will give students an insight into the various processes involved, leading to a better understanding of the issues surrounding fruit quality.

14. Description of content Biological factors involved in deterioration, such as respiration and ethylene production, compositional changes during growth and development, and ripening stages in stores with different temperature and humidity regimes. Physical damage is a major contributor to deterioration. Post-harvest processes are assessed according to their temperature-management procedures and control of relative humidity, including the storage systems themselves. Controlled-atmosphere storage systems, which can be very varied, will be studied in detail. All aspects of the cold-storage and handling of fruit, from preserving high quality (by suppressing disease and slowing down metabolic processes) to safety issues, will be studied.

15. Basic references Kader, A. A. (1992) Post-harvest Technology of Horticultural Crops. University of California, 291pp. ISBN 0-93176-99-0Tijskens, L. M. M., Hertog, M.L.A.T.M. and Nicolai, B.M. (2001) Food Process Modelling. Woodhead Publishing Limited, Abington Hall, Abington, Cambridge CB1 6AH. ISBN 0-8493-1224-8Bottcher, H. (1996) Frishhaltung und Lagerung von Gemüse. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart,251 pp. ISBN 3-8001-5825-2


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Understanding the physiology and biochemistry of ripening is the basis of post-harvest technology. Basic principles of using gas mixtures for fruit and vegetable storage will be studied. Students will acquire a basic knowledge of fruit chemistry and an overview of the quality issues surrounding storing fresh fruit.

54

16.2 Application Lab work will give students a knowledge of the underlying physiological processes involved in ripening, softening and the basic changes in metabolites. They will understand how storage regimes are managed commercially.

16.3 Reflection Theoretical knowledge and hands-on experiments will give students a better understanding of changes in living fruit and the factors limiting post-harvest storage, as demonstrated by physiological diseases and microbial spoilage.


This knowledge of biochemistry, microbiology and storage systems for fruit, and the quality issues involved in handling and storage, has general application throughout the food industry.


Lectures, laboratory practicals and visits to storage factories.


Enrolment in the year of the course.Pre-requisite is a basic course in chemistry and plant physiology or fruit conservation.


- Written exam (30%), oral exam (60%)- Attendance at laboratory practicals and preparation of laboratory reports (10%)Evaluation scale: Grades from A (best) to F (worst).



21. Curriculum compiler Prof. Dr. Jan Goliáš, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry (Brno)

55

1. Title of subject/module/unit Technology of Fruit Distillates2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 4


L12

E0

S16

Other forms

5. Cycle Master´s 6. Year 2nd 7. Semester 2nd + 3rd


9. Branch of study


elective 11. Language

English


Students will study the basic processes and practical methods used on producing fruit distillates. Students will master the principles of preparation of fruit mash and fermentation control, about principles of distillation and rectification. They will also learn about adjustments and ageing of distillates, their sensory evaluations and specific procedures of producing some kinds of distilled spirits.

14. Description of content Qualitative parameters of fruit species for fermentation. Principles of preparation of fruit mash. Methods of fermentation control. Technology of production of distillates from starch raw materials. Principles of distillation and rectification. Methods of distillation and rectification. Chemical composition of distillation fractions. Adjustments and ageing of fruit distillates. Defects of fruit distillates and their elimination. Quality requirements and evaluation of distilled spirits.

15. Basic references

Bryce, J.H., Stewart, G.G. (2003): Distilled Spirits. Nottingham University Press, ISBN: 1897676395.Wakely, J., Brother, L. (2001): The international spirits industry. Woodhead Publishing, Limited, ISBN 1 85573 511 3.Hui, Y.H. et al. (2004): Handbook of Food and Beverage Fermentation Technology. Marcel Dekker Inc., ISBN: 0824747801.


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

During this course, students will learn about the technology of fruit distillates, principles of fermentation control of fruit mashes, and about distillation and rectification processes. They will be also informed about quality parameters of selected kinds of distilled spirits.

16.2 Application Through a combination of lectures, seminars, and excursions the students will be able to obtain the required knowledge of principles of distillation processes and production of fruit distillates.

16.3 Reflection This knowledge will be thereafter applied to elaborate essays about the technology of production of some kinds of fruit distillates.

56


During an excursion to a distillery the students will become familiar with practical technological methods of production of fruit distillates as well as with possibilities of working in this branch of food industry.


Lectures, seminars, essays, and excursion to a distillery.


Enrolment in the year of the course.Prerequisite is a basic course in fruit processing.


Oral examination (90%), seminar papers (10%)Evaluation scale: Grades from A (best) to F (worst).



21. Curriculum compiler Univ.-Ass. Dipl.-Ing. Josef Balík, Ph.D., Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno

57

1. Title of unit/subject/module Horticultural Machinery2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS

credits7


L24

E24

S8

Other forms

5. Cycle master 6. Year 1 7. Semester 18. Study programme

compulsory 9. Branch of study



11. Language

Czech/English


To acquaint students with fruit growing and the range of machinery used in the conditions prevailing in CR. The use, maintenance and repair of machines for various operations, such as cultivations, crop protection and harvesting, are studied.

14. Description of content Fruit-growing techniques, production processes, working operations, technical procedures, appropriate techniques for soil management systems, tractors, machines for working the soil (cultivations, hydraulic swinging sections), machines for mulching and mowing grass, spreaders, sprayers, front-fitted knife trimmers, harvesting machines, transporting equipment, working costs of machines, development trends

15. Basic bibliography ZEMÁNEK, P; BURG, P. : Speciální mechanizace- mechanizační prostředky pro vinohradnictví. 1.vyd. Brno: MZLU v Brně, 2003. 98 s. ISBN 80-7157-739-1 WALG, O.: Taschenbuch der Weinbautechnik. 1. Auflage. Kaiserlautern: Rohr-Druck, 2000. 432 s. ISBN 3-921156-45-9SKROCH, W.A.: Orchard floor management – an overview. HortScience 21 (3), 390 -94ROBSON, A.D.: Soil Acidity and Plant Growth, Academic Press, SydneyKAY, R.D., EDWARDS W.M.: Farm Management. 1st ed., vol. 2. Texas University a Iowa State University, 1994. 433 s. ISBN 0-07-033868-X.COOMBE, B.G., DRY, P.R. Viticulture. 4th ed., vol. 2. South Australia: Hyde Park Press, Adelaide, 1993. p. 340. ISBN 1 875130 01 2


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

partitioning resources and efficient use of machinery, technical solutions and economic considerations in the area of fruit growing.

16.2 Application This knowledge can be used to build and maintain mechanical production lines, improve production processes and appropriate use machines.

58

16.3 Reflection The efficient exploitation of machinery in horticultural processes.


The preparation and presentation of seminar work, use of domestic and foreign literature and other information resources has general application. A knowledge and understanding of machinery and mechanization has application throughout industry.


Lectures, seminars, excursion.




Written exam (50%), oral exam (50%)Evaluation scale: Grades from A (best) to F (worst).



21. Curriculum compiler Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Faculty of Horticulture in Lednice; Department of Garden Mechanization Ass.Prof.Ing. Pavel Zemánek, Ph.D., Dipl.Ing. Patrik Burg, Ph.D.E-mail: [email protected]

59

1. Title of unit/subject/module Fruit Trees and Cultural Landscapes2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 74. Contact hours Total

55L30

E10

S15

Other forms

5. Cycle Master 6. Year 1 7. Semester 2 + 38. Study programme


9. Branch of study


Elective 11. Languag

e

Czech/English


The course is oriented on specific position of fruit trees and shrubs in garden and landscape design through history. Fruit trees are understood here as an important historic and aesthetic value of settlement and landscape character. Here is the fruit plants usage will be searched within the frame of village and rural landscapes restoration as well as in contemporary garden and landscape design. Lectures and seminars will contain both theoretical and practical aspects of problem.

14. Description of content Historic forms of fruit trees application in the settlement and landscape; fruit trees as a heritage; regional and old sorts of fruits; fruit trees and landscape character; aesthetic and ecological values of fruit trees; old trees mapping, evidence and evaluation; extensive fruit trees plantations; village restoration and agrotourism; fruit trees in modern garden design

15. Basic bibliography Salašová, A.: Village Restoration in the Czech Republic. International Journal of Heritage Studies (Exeter), vol. 2, 1996, No. 3, pp. 160-171; Salašová, A.: Landscape Character: Interaction of Natural and Cultural Processes. In: Ethno-Ecological Interactions in Biosphere Reserves. Proceeding. Czech MAB Committe, pp. 11; Salašová, A.: Landscape Planning in the Czech Republic. In Salaš, P. (ed.) Proceedings of the IX. International Conference on Horticulture. Volume 3. Lednice, ZF MZLU, 2001. pp. 601-606, ISBN 80-7157-524-0. TETERA, V. Záchrana starých a krajových odrůd ovocných dřevin : metodická příručka pro evidenci a záchranu zanikajících odrůd ovocných dřevin. Veselí nad Moravou: Český svaz ochránců přírody Bílé Karpaty, 2003. 76 s. ISBN 80-903444-0-2.



Knowledge and understanding of current scientific progresses in the field of landscape heritage studies, landscape planning and village restoration related to fruit trees production.

16.2 Application transfer of gained knowledge in practice – landscape planning and management, landscape character protection; evaluate problems and implement research possibilities to solve them

16.3 Reflection Reflection of possibilities to improve the system of extensive fruit plantation

60


Written and graphic seminar work, identifying and solving problems in model area


Lectures, seminars, excursion




- written seminar work and public presentation of the work (80%)- oral exam (20%)


Institutional online self-evaluation by students

21. Curriculum compiler Dr. Ing. Alena Salašová, e-mail: [email protected], phone: +420-519326103

61

1. Title of unit/subject/module Plant Genetics2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 6


L40

E20

S Other forms



9. Branch of study



English/German/Italian


The course is designed as an introduction to classical and molecular plant genetics in order to build a solid foundation for more specialized studies. The lectures will address basic concepts of genetics and continue with the structure, expression and investigation of plant genomes. Techniques applied in contemporary genetics will also be introduced. Laboratory practicals will cover selected topics discussed in lectures in order to reinforce the learning contents.

14. Description of content The course will cover the following topics:Introduction to classical and molecular genetics (inheritance, Mendelian rules, mitosis, meiosis)

Molecular principles of inheritance (structure and function of DNA, DNA replication, recombination)

Gene function (genetic code, transcription, translation, proteins: structure and function)

Genes and genome structure (eukaryotic chromosomes, gene regulation, gene interactions; linkage and linkage maps)

Mutations and mobile DNA elements (gene mutations, structural mutations and chromosomal mutations; polyploidy analyses; induced mutations; transposons and retroviruses)

Genetic and phenotypic variation (population genetics)Genetics of pest and disease resistanceMolecular biology tools for genetic analysis and genetic engineering

15. Basic bibliography Hennig W. 2006. Genetik, 3. Auflage. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 853 S. ISBN: 3540429581

Knippers R. 2006. Molekulare Genetik, 9. Auflage. Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart, 608 S. ISBN-10: 3134770091

Seyffert W. (Hrsg.) 2003. Lehrbuch der Genetik, 2. Auflage. Spektrum-Verlag/ Gustav-Fischer Verlag, 1.256 S. ISBN: 3827410223


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Gain profound knowledge about classical and molecular plant genetics

Learn how to make observations and acquire experimental data

Develop an understanding of the research process

16.2 Application Based on the understanding of plant genetics students will be able to implement more sustainable production methods in the field

62

16.3 Reflection Critical reflection of the knowledge gained (e.g. application of new techniques, such as genetic engineering, in the field of agriculture or impact of pesticides on pest populations and development of resistances)


Improve skills in the use of information technology by applying specialist software for genetic data analysis

Impair writing abilities by compiling a laboratory report

Enhance their communication and presentation skills in interactive laboratory classes

Practice teamwork by collaborating with other students in practicals


Lectures and laboratory practice




Written exam (90%)Attendance at laboratory practicalsPreparation of laboratory report (10% laboratory practice and laboratory report)

Evaluation scale: negative: 0-17; positive: 18-30 (highest grade: 30 cum laude).


Student questionnaire

21. Curriculum compiler Free University of Bolzano, Dr. Sanja Baric

63

1. Title of unit/subject/module Chemical Plant Physiology2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 6


L40

E20

S Other forms



9. Branch of study





Knowledge in plant physiology from the laurea course is broadened. Special interest is given in plant autotrophy and plant metabolism,

energetic regulation and plant production.Understanding of stimulus induced plant growth with special respect

to light induction (red and blue spectral light) and allelopathic phenomena.

Comprehension of plant cultivation technic including innovative perspectives.

14. Description of content Molecules:Introduction to the molecular basis of life and metabolisms of plants.Enzymes: Configuration, functional dependency of endogenous and

exogenous factors.Plant pigments: Chlorophyll and carotinoids, flavonoids and

anthocyans.Plant metabolism:Photosynthesis as basic process for plant biomass production and

production of heterotrophic organism as well.The process of photorespiration and its importance for C3-plants.Fermentation, the anaerobic process of life including practical aspects

(e.g. for viniculture)Dissimilation as a basis for understanding the energy utilisation in

autotrophic and heterotrophic organism.Secondary metabolism.Physiology of plant development:Physiology of photomorphotic and other stimulus induced

phenomena. The role of “cryptochrome” and phytochrome, circadian rhythmic.

Phytohormones.Physiology of formation of seeds and buds, germination and

flowering, physiology of senescence.Intra- and interspecific effects of allelopathy. Water relations in soils and plants. Regeneration and adaptation:The omnipotence of cells – cell culturesPhysiology of regeneration after injuries. Physiology of

transplantations.Stress physiology.Interactions of plant organs:Physiology of roots: Absorption of mineral elements in plants.Physiology of shoots: Transport of water, mineral elements and

assimilates in xylem and phloem.

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Physiology of leaves: The photosynthetic system in plants.Physiology of dry matter production.

15. Basic bibliography Schopfer P., Brennicke A. & Mohr H.: Pflanzenphysiologie. 6. Auflage. Spektrum, Akademischer Verlag, 2006.

Richter G., Biochemie der Pflanzen. Thieme Stuttgart 1996.16. Envisaged learning outcomes

16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Students know the structure und basic function of molecules that are constitutive for plant life. They can describe the external and internal factors controlling plant growth.

They understand the autotrophic nature of plants; the functioning of plants as a unit of root, shoot and leaves interacting with each other; basic processes of plant metabolism; the regulation of processes by external and internal factors.

16.2 Application They can identify possibilities to influence plant metabolism by technical processes und to assess the presumable success of such measures.

16.3 Reflection Students are able to get a critical view on experimental design and practical techniques and to reflect the obtained results.


Acquired knowledge and understanding enables the students to bring plant-specific aspects of physiology (in a broader sense) into discussion, to identify plant-specific problems and to formulate these topics in an understandable way for non-biological partners.


Lecture, laboratory course




- written exam (70%)- record of laboratory course (30% laboratory work) Evaluation scale: negative: 0-17; positive: 18-30 (highest grade: 30 cum laude).



21. Curriculum compiler Free University of Bolzano, Prof. R. Maier

65

1. Title of unit/subject/module Biomathematics and Biostatistic2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 6


L40

E S20

Other forms

5. Cycle Master 6. Year 2nd t 7. Semester 3rd


9. Branch of study





The students are expected to learn some simplest mathematical models concerning the growing biological communities. This may be useful to understand the dynamics of agricultural parasites (like insects, diseases, etc.) as well the simplest patterns of economic growth. They have to be able to perform elementary comparisons of biological populations represented by random samples and understand some basic facts about the corresponding probability distribution. For example, yields by different plants (and the lognormal distributions governing them), efficiency of different fertilizers (and the central tendencies of the corresponding distributions), market shares of several competing (agricultural) products (and the multinomial distributions associated with them), etc.

14. Description of content Biomathematics, 10 hours. Differential equations and models of growth of biological communities. A differential equation. An ordinary differential equation (ODE) and a partial differential equation (PDE). A first order ODE and its solution. The general solution of a first order ODE. An integral curve. An initial condition and an initial value problem. A first order ODE with a separable right hand side. A constant (special) solution. A first order linear differential equation and its general solution. An autonomous ODE: an equilibrium state and its stability. The phase diagram. Sufficient conditions of stability of autonomous ODE. Numerical modeling of ODE. The Euler scheme. Discrete time: exponential and logistic growth.

Biostatistics, 20 hours. Foundations of probability theory. A stochastic experiment. A sample point and space. An event, addition and intersection of events, the sure and impossible event, mutually exclusive events, the complementary event. A probability and conditional probability. A random variable (discrete and continuous). The distribution of a random variable, the cumulative distribution function, the density function. Independent events and random variables. The expected value, the variance, moments, the coefficient of correlation, the median. A normal (Gaussian) random variable and distribution. The standard normal distribution. The lognormal distribution. Models of prices of agricultural products using the lognormal distribution. A Bernoulli random variable and its moments. A binomial random variable its moments and distribution. Application of Bernoulli and binomial random variables in economic modeling. Elements of non-parametric statistics. Estimation and inference in statistics. An estimate and its properties: biased, unbiased. Qualitative data and consumer preference surveys. Parametric and nonparametric methods of statistics. The Central Limit Theorem and its applications.

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The large sample (small) methods in statistics. The sign test as a nonparametric method. One-tailed and two-tailed The large sample sign test and its p-value. The Wilcoxon rank sum test: detecting a shift between two identical otherwise distributions. How to treat ties. The large sample Wilcoxon rank sum test. The Wilcoxon signed rank test. How to treat ties. The large sample Wilcoxon signed rank test. Why a coefficient of correlation can be used in testing independence. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and its shortcut variant.

15. Basic bibliography K. Sydsaeter and P.J. Hammond, Mathematics for Economic Analysis, Prentice Hall, 1995 (other editions of this book are suitable as well) ISBN: 027368180XJ. T. McClave et al., A First Course in Business Statistics, Prentice Hall, 1998 (7-th ed., but other editions of this book are suitable as well) ISBN: 0130186791 J. T. McClave et al., Statistics for Business and Economics, Prentice Hall, 1998 (7-th ed., but other editions of this book are suitable as well) ISBN: 0131246984


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Basic knowledge on mathematical models of growth of biological populations. Elementary skills on: dealing with qualitative data and consumer preference surveys; identifying the central tendency of a probability distribution; comparing the relative standing of two probability distributions; deciding on dependence of two random variables.

16.2 Application The students are expected to understand and apply the simplest mathematical models describing the growth of biological communities as well as models of the economic growth. They have to be familiar with parametric and non-parametric statistical inferences concerning biological objects and factors affecting their development (for example, fertilizers).

16.3 Reflection Mathematical models allow to represent in a unified way the factors common to natural phenomena that, at a first glance, appear to have not much in common. Statistic techniques represent a universal instrument fitting mathematical models to real data and assessing the quality of models. Taken together, these methods form a methodological toolkit of a modern specialist.


The mathematical and statistical methods belong to the theoretical basis of any modern advanced degree in agricultural economics.


Lecture and class exercises.

18. Conditions for inclusion Enrolment in the year of the course.

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or to undertake work required

Exam of Mathematics for economists A, Statistics A


Written exam (100%)Evaluation scale: negative: 0-17; positive: 18-30 (highest grade: 30 cum laude)



21. Curriculum compiler Free University of Bolzano, Prof. Yuriy Kaniovskyi

68

1. Title of unit/subject/module Fruit Processing2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 6


L35

E25

S Other forms



9. Branch of study





Transfer of knowledge of key processes in fruit processing and their practical application.

Students understand the chemical composition of fruits, the equipment and different processes in food conservation with special regard to fruits. Students should be able to know the principal types of processing, the technologies involved and the main regulations for production of processed fruits. Due to visits to fruit processing plants and hands-on practice during lab-exercises students should get insights into industrial processing as well as into low input processing technologies.

14. Description of content Fruit composition (main compounds, acids, sugars, enzymes, vitamins, pigments, flavour and aromatic compounds, esters etc.) and fruit quality parameters

Chemical and quality changes in fruits during ripening and postharvest

Steps in food processing and processing technologyLow input processing techniques and equipmentProcessing techniques for producing juices, pulps and nectarsCider productionPeeling methodsCanningFreezingRefrigeration/humidityDrying/DehydrationJam/jelly processingRegulations for production and labellingFood additives, irradiation etc.Waste and waste-water processingOperational safety and attention to hygiene and tidiness

15. Basic bibliography Innerhofer G., Lukas W. 2005. Das große Buch der Obstverarbeitung. Agrar-Verlag Österreich: 256 pp. ISBN 3-70-401972-0

Vötsch J. 1998. Obstsäfte. Leopold Stocker Verlag: 115 pp. ISBN 3-7020-0724-5

Heiss R., Eichner K. 2002. Haltbarmachen von Lebensmitteln. Springer Verlag Berlin: 350 pp. ISBN 3-540-43137-3

Belitz H.D., Grosch W., Schieberle P. 2001. Lehrbuch der Lebensmittelchemie. Springer-Verlag Berlin: 1059 pp. ISBN 3-540-41096-1

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16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

During this course the students will gather basic knowledge of the fruit’s chemistry as well as quality (e.g. regarding the action of pigments and enzymes).

In addition, students will gain basic knowledge regarding the single steps involved in the commercial processing of typical fruits.

Also, students of this course will gain basic knowledge on how fruit quality undergoes changes during processing.

16.2 Application Specially designed lab exercises will enable students to achieve hands-on experience in the processing of fruits. They will gain knowledge on how fruit processing is performed on a commercial level.

16.3 Reflection Theory and hands-on experience will prepare them to a better understanding of fruit processing and quality management


Visits and guided tours through fruit processing facilities will give the students an understanding of the works and professions involved in the commercial processing of fruit. Due to these insights students may consider taking up an occupation in this area of work.


Lectures, laboratory practices and visit of processing factories.


Enrolment in the year of the course.Prerequisite is a basic course in postharvest biology and/or physiology, and/or fruit conservation.


- Written exam (90%)- Attendance at laboratory practicals and preparation of laboratory reports (10%)Evaluation scale: negative: 0-17; positive: 18-30 (highest grade: 30 cum laude).



21. Curriculum compiler Free University of Bolzano, Prof. Dr. Josef Dalla Via

70

1. Title of unit/subject/module Introduction into theory and practice of scientific work



L25

E10

S Other forms

5. Cycle Second 6. Year 1st 7. Semester 1st


9. Branch of study





Impart a general view on methods of gain in knowledgeInstruct students how to practically carry out scientific researchTrain students to acquire expressiveness and verbal skills as well as methodologically sound working ability

14. Description of content Basics of epistemology and theory of cognition Nature of science, characteristics and criteria of scientificity Logics and Causality Induction and deduction Heuristics and hermeneutics Empiricism and experimentalism Verification and falsification

Mainstreams in the philosophy of science Positivism Critical rationalism (Neo)constructivism

Research design and research process research statements, objectives and hypotheses Literature review Principles of scientific writing and citations

Principles of data managemento Principles of scientific data handlingo Introduction of methods to analyze datao Interpretation of results

Types of scientific work Seminar papers Diploma thesis Research proposals

15. Basic bibliography Ebster, C. und L. Stalzer(2002): Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten. WUV-Verlag, Wien. ISBN3-85114-617-4Seiffert, H. (2003): Einführung in die Wissenschaftstheorie Band 1- 3. 13. Auflage. Beck, München.Theisen, M. R. (2002): Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten: Technik – Methodik – Form. Vahlen, München.

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16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Understand the basis of cognitionKnow the different views in the philosophy of scienceBecome familiar with the tools of scientific research

16.2 Application Writing of seminar papers, diploma thesis16.3 Reflection Mental ability of critical in-depth analysis16.4 Transferable skills – not tied to just one subject

General understanding and intellectual power


Lectures as the main input source. The associated lab will feature a practical and problem oriented approach. These activities are organized in an interactive learning environment.




- Written exam (70%)- Attendance at seminar practical - Preparation of written seminar work and presentation (30% seminar work/case studies)Evaluation scale: negative: 0-17; positive: 18-30 (highest grade: 30 cum laude)



21. Curriculum compiler Free University of Bolzano

72

MODEL CURRICULUM

1. Title of unit/subject/module Informatics and Data elaboration2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 3


L25

E10

S Other forms

5. Cycle Second 6. Year 1st 7. Semester 1st


9. Branch of study



English


Students will be able to manage big quantities of data, building a database themselves, from the architecture design up to the structured forms to fill it. Moreover, they will be able to extract information from the database through complex queries, to extract aggregated data through summary queries and to present the data in structured reports.Students will learn quantitative statistical methods to deal with large quantities of numeric and nominal data, using parametric and non-parametric statistics tests.Students will also have an overview of the potentialities of GIS, a modern geographical information system which can analyze and visualize different layers of data with their geographic reference.

14. Description of content Relational databases. Brief overview of what is a relational database, structure and relation types.Microsoft Access overview.Tables: field types (text, memo, number, currency, date/time, yes/no, OLE object, lookup wizard), building using wizard, building in design view, importing text files, importing Excel files.Relationships: relationships table, create, modify, create using Lookup Wizard, enforce referential integrity.Forms: create using wizard, view/add/modify/delete/find records, filter by selection, filter by form, subform, form locking.Query: selection query, create using wizard, design view, show yes/no, criteria, using other fields’ values, expression wizard, add fields, sorting, add tables, calculation new fields.Summary query: group by, count, sum, average, using where for conditions.Report: create from tables or queries, create using wizard, grouping levels, sorting, design view, design changes, export, print.Database architecture: database projects, how to create a database, create using design view, add tables, add relations using Lookup wizard.Automatic data save by Access, undo, non automatic object save for Access, how to backup database.SPSS statistical program.Cases and variables, questionnaire answers (open, single closed, multiple closed, multiple closed with other), name, variable label, type, value labels, measure (scale, ordinal, nominal), missing values (what

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causes missing values, how to code them, system missing values).Data: insert data, import from text file, import from Excel file, aggregate variables, select cases, recode variables, compute variables, compute variables using boolean expressions, count variables, date/time wizard.Analysis: normality assumption tests (histogram with normal curve, Skewness, Kurtosis), frequencies, descriptive statistics, boxplot, contingency tables, Pearson chi-square.Graphs: bar/histogram family, boxplot, scatterplot, chart’s modifications, chart manager, chart looks, how to copy and export a chart.Analysis: indexes, bivariate analysis’ techniques according to variables’ type, Pearson and Spearman’s correlations, comparing means, ANOVA, linear regression, non-linear regression, R-square, unstandardized coefficients, residuals.Geographic Information System GISGIS overview, geographic data sets, analysis of geographical data. A sample program to build and modify GIS data. A sample program to view GIS data, with layers’ selection.

15. Basic bibliography Discovering Statistics Using SPSS, Andy Field, ISBN 0-7619-4452-4Sams Teach Yourself Microsoft Office Access 2003 in 24 Hours, Alison Balter, ISBN 0-6723-2545-4Gis: A Short Introduction (Short Introductions to Geography), Nadine Schuurman, ISBN 0631235337Supplementary:SPSS Survival Manual, Julie Pallant, ISBN 0-335-21640-4SPSS 13.0 Base User’s Guide, ISBN 0-13-185723-1Microsoft Office Access 2003 Step by Step, Online Training Solutions Inc., ISBN 0-7356-1517-9GIS for Everyone, David E. Davis, ISBN 1589480562



Architecture and data structures of relational databases. Statistical analysis of quantitative and qualitative data. Geographic information data.

16.2 Application The students will be able to build and manage a small company database and extract data in a useful way. They will learn to organize data and perform statistical analysis, such as descriptive statistics, ANOVA to compare means, contingency tables with Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlations, regression models, histograms and boxplots. They will be able to modify and display geographical data.

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16.3 Reflection Databases are currently present in every small company, especially when trading operations are involved or big logistic problems are involved. Statistical analysis of data is the basis to have a clear and complete idea of the production and the company’s situation and to be able to make future forecasting or analyze past errors.GIS is the present-day most advanced framework to visualize geographical data and presently has many agribusiness applications.


Databases are used in every field which require big data handling and fast data extraction.Statistical analysis is the basis of quantitative data analysis.


Lectures, Exercises, Homeworks.


Enrolment in the year of the course.Introduction to computer science (word processors, spreadsheets, computer networks, basic databases).Statistics A (descriptive statistics, inferential statistics, statistical tests).


Written exam (80%). 20% of the exam is the grade achieved from the exercises Evaluation scale: negative: 0-17; positive: 18-30 (highest grade: 30

cum laude).20. Method of evaluation of quality


21. Curriculum compiler Free University of Bolzano, Prof. Paolo Coletti

75

1. Title of unit/subject/module Physiology of trees and orchard systems in pipfruit crops



L45

E15

S Other forms

5. Cycle Master 6. Year 2nd 7. Semester 1st


9. Branch of study



English


The focus of the course is to provide detailed information on the physiology of perennial fruit tree species (with special emphasis on apple) and orchard systems under different orchard management and environmental conditions. The course will first tackle the reactions of trees at molecular, metabolic and growth levels to excessive or deficient levels of environmental factors, then will deep the knowledge on photosynthesis, water relations and mineral nutrition of fruit trees. Special expertise and knowledge will be gained in developmental tree and fruit physiology as well as on the physiology during postharvest period. The last part of the course aims at scaling up from single tree physiology to orchard ecosystem physiology, offering the student a concept of efficiency of the use of resources for sustainable fruit production process.

Teaching objectives encompass various influences of environment and crop manipulation on the growth and intrinsic properties of apple and other fruit crops. The course focuses at the orchard/tree/organ level and internal and external drivers of within-tree resource allocation and fruit biophysical and biochemical properties in relation to fruit development and quality distribution. Specific plant processes will be discussed in detail.

Interactive relationships exist between teaching fundamental and applied fruit sciences and orchard visits, field trips and seminars to acquire both theoretical knowledge and understanding of various orchard practices.

14. Description of content Environmental Stress PhysiologyStress Physiology of pipfruit trees with special emphasis on temperature, light, water, salt, heavy metals and biotic stresses (plant-pathogen interactions).

Whole Tree Physiology Tree Light relations and Photosynthetic efficiency:leaf area development, light penetration;environmental effects on photosynthesis;endogenous factors affecting photosynthesis;partitioning of carbohydrates in trees (sink concept);

Tree and Fruit Growth and Development:fruit set, fruit abscission and thinning, fruit growth patterns; xylem-phloem support to fruit growth, role of transpiration; growth substances and phytohormones;fruit nutrition and water relations;fruit ripening and maturation, post-harvest physiology and fruit

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disorders;root growth, functioning and lifespan (effects of genotype and environmental conditions); root respiration and rhizodeposition. Tree Water Relations:transpiration and water potentials;water use efficiency;effect of environmental conditions and stomata control on transpiration. Mineral Nutrition of Trees: nutrient uptake and partitioning;internal nutrient cycling; foliar nutrition;determining nutrient status of pipfruit trees.

Physiology of orchard ecosystems Carbon cycle: thermal and radiation balances;net primary productivity (above and belowground);soil respiration; net ecosystem productivity;Nutrients cycle: sources of nutrients;nutrient fluxes; recycling of nutrients within the orchard system; monitoring nutrient losses. Water cycle:assessing water needs; plant-soil water status measurements.

15. Basic bibliography Fundamentals of Temperate Fruit Zone Tree Fruit Production. 2005. Edited by J. Tromp, A.D. Webster and S.J. Wertheim. Backhuys Publishers. ISBN 90-5782-152-4.

J.E. Jackson. Biology of Apples and Pears. 2003. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-38018-9.

Apples – Botany, Production and Uses. 2003. Edited by D.C. Ferree and I.J. Warrington. CABI Publishing. ISBN 0-85199-592-6.

Temperate ad subtropical fruit production. 1999. Edited by D.I. Jackson and N.E. Looney. UK, Bidddles Ltd. ISBN 0-85199-271-4.

Lucas' Anleitung zum Obstbau. 2002. Edited by H. Link. Stuttgart, Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co. ISBN 3-8001-5545-1.

Physiologische Grundlagen des Obstbaues. 2002. Edited by G. Friedrich and M. Fischer M. Stuttgart, Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co. ISBN 3-8001-3475-6.

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16.1 Knowledge and Understanding

Fruit yield and quality can be defined as the final result of a myriad of cultural practices, environmental inputs and physiological processes; all of them truly essential contributors to orchard productivity. The quality of the production process has recently gained an important role in defining the quality of the fruit required by consumers.

The course provides understanding of interactive relationships between fundamental and applied research components and practical aspects of fruit production. Special attention will be given to the knowledge that will allow an efficient use of natural resources as well external inputs. The student is introduced not only to the latest scientific findings but also to innovative orchard practices. There is a need to be knowledgeable about every theoretical and practical aspect along the chain of fruit production, quality management, control of maturity, storage, transport and distribution of fresh fruit products to your customers in the market.

16.2 Application Today’s students must gain knowledge of underlying plant developmental mechanisms and industry requirements which makes them both to specialists and generalists with a holistic view. The course plan, knowledge transfer and educational pathway are aimed at making students ‘fit for tomorrow’s market opportunities’

How successfully the acquired knowledge and expertise is applied to industry and end-users and for creating personalized job opportunities depends on: Technical and professional skill level Problem solving capability and

professional curiosity Innovation; initiative to suggest

alternatives and improvements Drive for professional development.

16.3 Reflection Connecting to the outside world and applying acquired theoretical knowledge to practical industry solutions.

Demonstrates an awareness of University environment and external relationships.

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Objective 1: Design and implementation of research protocols by internal deadlines.

Objective 2: Project coordination and execution; experiences with various scientific procedures/methodologies and instruments/equipments (I&E).

Objective 3: Data compilation and statistical analysis, scientific writing, literature search, presentation of scientific outputs.

Objective 5: Discuss/monitor progress of objective, ensure delivery of milestones to agreed timeline and completion of project activities to budget

Objective 3: Laboratory competence and practical orchard skills.

Objective 6: Teamwork, communication skills, time management skills


lectures, seminars, laboratory work, exercises, field trips and orchard visits with on-site demonstration of practical aspects, individual assignments


Enrolment in the year of the course, dedication, basic knowledge of crop physiology, motivation and personal enthusiasm


- 80 % of the marks from the final exam- 20 % of the exam is the grade achieved form the seminar presentation- evaluation scale: 0-17 (negative), 18-30 (positive, where 30 is the highest grade)


self-evaluation, student’s questionnaire

21. Curriculum compiler Free University of Bolzano, Prof. Massimo Tagliavini

79

1. Title of unit/subject/module Advanced Molecular Biology Techniques in Fruit-Growing and Plant Defence



L35

E25

S10

Other forms

5. Cycle Master 6. Year 2nd 7. Semester 1st 8. Study programme International Master of

Fruit Science9. Branch of

study10. Pillar of the programme


English


The course will present both routine and advanced molecular techniques and their use in various fields of fruit-growing and viticulture. The lectures will provide students with theoretical background about a wide array of different molecular methods and their application possibilities, but also encourage critical thinking. Laboratory practicals will give opportunity to implement in practice selected topics discussed in lectures. During seminar practice students will get familiarised with tools for genetic data analysis and scientific data presentation.

14. Description of content The course will cover the following topics:Isolation, purification and detection of nucleic acidsRestriction enzymesMolecular hybridisationMolecular cloningPolymerase Chain Reaction – principle and applicationDNA sequencing and genomicsIntroduction to bioinformaticsDatabase analysisMolecular evolution and phylogeneticsMicroarraysAnalysis of gene expressionMolecular markers in plant breeding: development and applicationGene mapping and quantitative trait lociApplication of molecular techniques for cultivar identification and varietal protection

Molecular tools in conservation of plant genetic resources Improved diagnosis of viruses, phytoplasmas and bacteriaGenetic engineering of plants: techniques and ethical issues

15. Basic bibliography Reece R.J.R. 2003. Analysis of Genes and Genomes, 1st Edition. John Wiley and Sons Ltd, Chichester, UK, 480 pp. ISBN: 0470843802

Baxevanis A., Ouellette B.F.F. 2001. Bioinformatics: A Practical Guide to the Analysis of Genes and Proteins (Methods of Biochemical Analysis), 2nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons Inc, New York, USA, 470 pp. ISBN: 0471383902

Mülhardt C. 2006. Der Experimentator: Molekularbiologie/Genomics, 5. Auflage, Elsevier, München, 312 S. ISBN: 3827417147

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http://www.amazon.de/exec/obidos/search-handle-url/index=books-de-intl-us&field-author=Ouellette%2C%20B.%20F.%20Francis/302-5610784-0504009

http://www.amazon.de/exec/obidos/search-handle-url/index=books-de-intl-us&field-author=Baxevanis%2C%20Andreas/302-5610784-0504009


16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Gain theoretical and practical knowledge about various molecular techniques and their application in different areas of plant cultivation

Learn how to make observations and acquire experimental data

Develop an understanding of the research process and of actual problems in crop production

16.2 Application Apply gained knowledge in the laboratory environment choosing the most appropriate technique for a given problem

16.3 Reflection Critically reflect the application of new molecular techniques in the field of agriculture


Learn to acquire and use scientific literature in molecular biology

Improve skills in the use of information technology by applying bioinformatics tools for molecular data analysis, genbank database searches as well as software for spreadsheet analysis

Impair writing abilities by compiling reports

Enhance their communication and presentation skills in interactive classes such as laboratory and seminar practicals

Practice teamwork by collaborating with other students in practicals


Lectures, seminar practice and laboratory practice




Written exam (65%)Attendance at laboratory practicalsKeeping of a laboratory journalPreparation of laboratory report (20% laboratory practice and laboratory report)

Attendance at seminar practicals)Preparation of written seminar work and presentation (15% seminar work)

Evaluation scale: negative: 0-17; positive: 18-30 (highest grade: 30 cum laude)



21. Curriculum compiler Free University of Bolzano, Dr. Sanja Baric

81

1. Title of unit/subject/module Fruit Marketing and consumer behaviour2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 7


L50

E S20

Other forms

5. Cycle Second 6. Year 2nd 7. Semester 1st


9. Branch of study



English


Learning experience and development of skills in fruit marketing at a regional, national and international scale.

This course introduces students to the basics and advanced issues of fruit marketing and value chain management.

It explores the role and impact of marketing on food and retailing businesses and on society in an international context, with some emphasis on regional aspects and strategies. The course aims to develop an understanding of consumers´ needs and how food marketing systems can be developed for international and regional markets, specific segments and target groups. It also provides discussion and analysis of marketing structures in the sector, with emphasis on value creation for clients and consumers.This course is a total immersion in Consumer Behaviour, from determining macro- and individual-level factors that influence consumption through to processes that characterize consumer behaviour, and methods that relate to consumer research. A major aspect will be to discuss the influence of culture on consumer behaviour. Special attention is given to the application of marketing strategy development (positioning), branding and market research. The course will provide students with a detailed framework of theory and concepts with which to analyse and understand consumers/target markets. The central topics that will guide us through the course are: - How to understand consumer behaviour / What drives purchase and consumption processes individuals engage in - How to position products (in an increasingly global world)

- How to gather data that give insights as to how consumers behave14. Description of content The first part of the course focuses on food marketing from a

managerial approach combined with an analytical approach (encompassing analysis, decision-making, and implementation) to marketing.

The second part of the course focuses on specific fruit marketing problems using case studies to explore particular marketing strategy, implementation, and control issues.The course will make extensive use of problem solving approaches and international cases from the following sectors: fruit production (product and process innovation, managing innovation); fruit marketing across all steps of the value system, including marketing fresh and processed product; building partnerships and alliances for international marketing and business development, utilisation of international databases and exploration of information sources; guest lectures by international fruit marketers.

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Introduction and Overview Consumer behaviour model and its relevance for marketing strategy Basic processes: Perception and interpretation Basic processes: Perception and interpretation Learning & memory, activation Learning & memory, activation Motivation, values & involvement Attitudes and emotion Product Management vs. Brand Management: What is it that brands

do? Product Management vs. Brand Management: What is it that brands

do? Social processes determining consumer behaviour: families,

reference groups, innovation. Purchasing decision processes: Situation and Behaviour Post-purchase behaviour and its implication for marketers Post-purchase behaviour… The influence of culture on consumption behaviour: Implications

for analysing consumer behaviour in a global world The influence of culture… Media & communication planning

15. Basic bibliography Solomon, M.R.; Marshall, G.W., Stuart, E.W. (2006) Real People, Real Choices. Prentice-Hall, NJ.

Padberg D.I., Ritson C., Albisu L.M. (1997) Agro-Food Marketing, CAB International.

Besanko, D.; Dranove, D.; Shanley, M. (1996) Economics of Strategy, John Wiley, NY.

Cases in agrifood marketing (case studies of food and agribusiness companies), mimeo

Euromonitor DatabaseDatamonitor DatabaseJust-food, Just-drinksFood Business ReviewFood DigestMcKinsey Quarterly, etc.Solomon, Bamossy and Askegaard (2002), Consumer Behaviour – A,

European Perspective, FT Prentice Hall, London.

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Knowledge and understanding of key marketing and strategy development concepts relevant to fruit producers, processors and retailers

Achieving skills in using and implementing strategic market development and entry strategy models with emphasis on fruit markets

Understanding the complexity of the international fruit marketing system and their impact on participants in international value chainsAcquiring analytical skills and knowledge about the appropriate use and implementation of marketing models and tools Students will be taught how to solve practically relevant problems in the field of consumer behaviour.

16.2 Application of basic principles and advanced models and cases in fruit markteing, with an emphasis on international developments, strategy formation and international market entryTheory is directly applied to real business situations. By means of several case histories, we will discuss what works, what doesn’t and why.

16.3 Reflection of comprehension of principles and models relevant for fruit marketers in theory and practiceBy writing individual cases, students immediately apply their gained knowledge. Also, students are required to actively participate during class discussions.


use and application of international databases and professional market intelligence systems; analytical and presentation skills; problem solving procedures; team management strategies; negotiation, language and social skills.

Students will learn on how to search for and use domestic and foreign literature. As the course will be held in English, a significant increase in the level of English as a foreign language can be expected. Also, group works will enhance teamwork and social skills.


Lectures and seminars


Enrolment in the year of the course. Some knowledge in the basics of economics, statistics, food industry management, international fresh produce markets and trade policy, and business administration is

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required.19. Methods of assessment and the assessment scale

Written exam (60%). Attendance at seminar practicals (15% participation). Preparation of written seminar work and presentation (25% seminar

work/case studies both individual and group work).Evaluation scale: negative: 0-17; positive: 18-30 (highest grade: 30

cum laude).20. Method of evaluation of quality

Evaluation by students’ questionnaire.

21. Curriculum compiler Free University of Bolzano, Professor Dr. Oswin Maurer/Prof. Christine Vallaster

85

1. Title of unit/subject/module International Trade - Policy and Institutions2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 5


L30

E S20

Other forms

5. Cycle Master 6. Year 2nd t 7. Semester 1st


9. Branch of study



English


The main objective of this course, which intends to carry on along the topics of the degree study program, is to broaden the theoretical understanding of trade strategies and regulations in international agricultural markets and at the same time to develop basic skills in doing own research in this field.

14. Description of content - Repetition of core elements of the degree course „International Agricultural Markets and Trade Policy“ (trade policy instruments, free trade and market distortions,

- Statistical description of international trade activities- Balance of Payments and Foreign Exchange-Markets- Theoretical analysis of agricultural markets and trade (e.g. protection

and domestic market power, foreign market power and trade strategies, strategic trade policies)

- Institutional approach to the organization and performance of agricultural markets

- Political-economic aspects of the world trading system - Case studies (trade disputes)

15. Basic bibliography Gandolfo, G. (2003), International Trade Theory and Policy, Berlin (Springer).

Helpman, E. Krugman, P. R. (1994), Trade Policy and Market Structure, London and Cambridge (MIT Press).

Anderson, K, Blackhurst, R. (eds) (1992), The Greening of the World Trade Issues (London: Harvester Wheatsheaf and Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press).

Hoeckmann, B., Kostecki, M. (2001), The Political Economy of the World Trading System, 2nd edition, New York (Oxford University Press).

Hoekman, B., Mattoo, A., English, Ph. (eds.) (2002), Development, Trade and the WTO: A Handbook (The World Bank, Washington, available online)

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16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Knowledge of elements in the field of international trade theory relevant for agriculture. Insights into the trade related aspects and strategies of the Common Agricultural Policy of the EU.Deeper insights into the political-economic dimension of international trade negotiations and disputes

16.2 Application Theoretical basis applicable to answer real world problems, e.g. with respect to trade-related disputes.

16.3 Reflection Students should be in a position to better understand the fundamental driving forces of international trade and the related North-South issues


Improved ability to identify, structure, and solve basic economic problems in a logically coherent way.


Lectures as the main input source. The associated lab will feature a practical and problem oriented

approach which makes use of case studies requiring students to carry out simple research exercises. These activities are organized in an interactive learning environment.


Enrolment in the year of the course, Basic knowledge of the topics covered by the introductory course in “World agricultural markets and trade policy”


80 % of the marks from the final exam20 % of the total grade is covered by LABevaluation scale: 0-17 (negative), 18-30 (positive, where 30 is the highest grade)



21. Curriculum compiler Free University of Bolzano, Prof. Markus F. Hofreither

87

1. Title of unit/subject/module Advanced Fruit Conservation and Postharvest Biology


4. Contact hours Total L30

E0

S20

Other forms



9. Branch of study



English


The scheme will provide students with the opportunity to familiarize to an advanced level with the postharvest techniques and behaviour of horticultural crops, providing an in-depth understanding of the way fresh horticultural produce must be handled, transported and stored to maintain quality from grower to consumer. Current theories and research will be surveyed with emphasis on the understanding of the relationships between plant organ type, function, cellular implications and relevance of these attributes to postharvest behaviour and predictive handling protocols for specific commodities. Knowledge of the fresh horticultural business practice as it influences performance in the postharvest environment will provide an integrated vision.

14. Description of content The course emphasizes control points and interactions betwen commodity physiology and i) environmental factors; ii) technology; iii) pathogens:Biochemistry and Physiology of Ripening

Biosynthesis and mechanisms of ethylene action: regulation by internal, environmental and stress factors.

Commodity specific biochemistry of ripening: pome fruits, stone fruits, soft fruit, tomato, citrus fruit, kiwifruit, melon, banana, avocado.

Management and optimal procedures for fruit ripening, commodity and cultivar specific: apple, pear, stone fruits, kiwifruit, banana, melon, tomato.Biochemistry and Physiology of Respiration

Oxidative Stress in postharvest crops: internal and environmental factors.

Interaction with storage technology.

Fruit Quality and its Biological BasisInorganic nutrients and fruit qualityFruit texture, cell wall metabolism and consumer perceptionFruit flavour, volatile metabolism and consumer perceptionMechanical injuryPostharvest Handling and Quality Assurance of Perishables

Temperature ManagementOptimizing quality maintenance and pathogens controlChilling and oxidative stressManagement of Atmosphere ControlControlled atmosphere

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Modified atmosphereManagement of postharvest diseases

Postharvest pathology of agricultural products and their controlPostharvest disorders of agricultural products and their control

Research and Commercial Techniques in Postharvest TechnologyOral presentations on pertinent topics of discussion

15. Basic bibliography A.A. Kader (2002). Postharvest technology of horticultural crops. University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources. Communication Services, Oakland, California (USA) anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu

R.L. Colin, R.J. Holmes (2000). Storage technology for apples and pears. Highway Press Australia

G.B. Seymour, J.E. Taylor, G.A. Tucker (1993). Biochemistry of fruit ripening. Chapman & Hall

R.L. Shewfelt, B. Brückner (2002). Fruit & vegetable quality – An integrated view. CRC Press.

In addition, scientific articles, fact sheets, lecture notes16. Envisaged learning outcomes

16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Acquiring a global and integrated vision of the postharvest conservation process will allow to develop criteria for the solution of each specific problem by means of the most appropriate technology.

16.2 Application There is a symmetric behaviour between theoretical principles and practical application in postharvest science.

16.3 Reflection Knowledge of the underlying mechanisms which determine and limit postharvest handling techniques allow the students to identify and critically evaluate important trends within the horticultural industry


The students develop the critical skills required to adequately judge and evaluate the relevance of scientific findings and to apply research methodology.


Lectures, reading assignments, workshops, laboratory practice, visits.


Enrolment in the year of the course. This is an advanced course for students with a sound knowledge of general biology, horticulture and basics of statistical procedures.


- Written exam (60%)- Laboratory report (20%)- oral presentation (20%)- Attendance at all class meetings



21. Curriculum compiler Free University of Bolzano, prof. dr. Angelo ZANELLA

89

1. Title of unit/subject/module Advanced plant protection2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 5


L30

E20

S Other forms



9. Branch of study



English


In-depth understanding of the basic mechanisms of chemical, biological and biotechnological plant protection and the interaction: pest-pesticide.

The students should gain information on the different molecular mechanisms, which inhibit directly or in-directly the pest and/or vectors of pathogens. The students should be able to understand and compare critically the different concepts of plant protection. Knowledge of mechanisms leading to resistance, risk analyses and legal aspects should lay a foundation for future sustainable plant protection strategies.

14. Description of content Physiological, biochemical and genetic interactions of chemical and biological pesticides with the target pest (insect, nematode, microbe, virus,...) and the plant cell.

Chemical classification of the different pesticides and the molecular mode of action in the pest (target molecules...)

Signal transduction in the pest cell Possible resistance mechanisms of the pests towards the pesticides;

strategies to prevent resistancePrinciples and concepts of biological and integrated production;

biotechnological methods (e.g. pheromones)Chemical control of fungal, insect and nematode vectors of plant

viruses and phytoplasmasVirus and phytoplasma elimination by meristem tip culture, tip

micrografting and heat treatmentInduction of Systemic Activated Resistance (SAR) and hypersensitive

reaction (HR) through elicitors (e.g. hairpin protein)Genetic engineering for pest resistance (e.g. BT maize)Antisense RNA and Ribozyme-mediated resistance to plant virusesRisk analyses, possible eco-toxicological and human toxicological

problems, degradation of pesticides, fate pesticide residues and methods to analyze them, legal aspects

Registration procedure for a new pesticide 15. Basic bibliography Agrawal A.A., Tuzun S., Bent E. (eds.) 1999. Induced plant defences

against pathogens and herbivores. Biochemistry, ecology, and agriculture. St. Paul. MN, APS Press: 390 pages. ISBN 0-89054-242-2

Kennedy G.G., Sutton T.B. (eds.) 2000. Emerging technologies for integrated pest management: concepts, research, and implementation. St. Paul. MN, APS Press: 526 pages. ISBN 0-89054-246-5

Stenersen J. 2004. Chemical Pesticides: Mode of Action and Toxicology. Boca Raton, Fl., CRC press: 296 pages. ISBN: 0-7484-

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0910-6Walzer C.H. 2001. Principles of Ecotoxicology. Boca Raton, Fl.,

CRC press: 309 pages. ISBN: 0-7484-0940-8 16. Envisaged learning outcomes

16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

The students will learn about the molecular basis underlying the most relevant modern plant protection strategies and consequences for the agricultural praxis. Plant protection should be understood in a broad biological (e.g. plant physiology, plant pathology,…) and agronomical (e.g. resistance management, legal aspects…) context.

16.2 Application The information offered in the course should help the student to compare, implant and evaluate plant protection strategies “in the real world” and generally lead to a more sustainable agricultural praxis.

16.3 Reflection The student will be able to make a connection from the knowledge he got from other courses (plant physiology, microbiology, organic chemistry…) with the special information on state-of-the-art approaches to plant protection.


The students will understand that different pest problems ask for different protection strategies. The students will know about different approaches to produce a healthy fruit in satisfying quantities which will be accepted by the consumer. Based on the fruit type, climatic and agronomic conditions, legal aspects and personal reflections the student will be able to choose and implant the plant protection strategy which is adapted best for his special situation.


Lectures, seminars, discussion of selected papers, laboratory practices


Enrolment in the year of the course. Basic knowledge of phytopathology and organic chemistry.


-written exam (60%)-seminar work with presentation (20%)-protocol of the laboratory practices (20%)Evaluation scale: negative: 0-17; positive: 18-30 (highest grade: 30 cum laude).



21. Curriculum compiler Free University of Bolzano, Dr. Wolfgang SCHWEIGKOFLER

91

1. Title of unit/subject/module Project Management2. Unit code 3. Number of ECTS credits 5


L30

E S20

Other forms

5. Cycle Master 6. Year 2nd 7. Semester 3rd


9. Branch of study



English


By the end of the course, students will be familiar with knowledge of planning, organising, and managing projects from start to finish.

Students understand the functioning of project work and its theoretical background. They are able to apply appropriate methods, check lists, and tools (like computer software).

Furthermore, the aim of the course is to trainee student’s ability to lead projects and create an effective project team as well as to give students training of social skills (capacity of teamwork, leadership, and conflict management) and first practical experience with the design of projects.

The course should promote the capacity to define the scope of a project and its goals.

Participants learn how to develop workable project schedules and tracking systems, how to create an accurate and usable budget, how to provide project management charts and documents.

14. Description of content Projects in contemporary organisationOverview and goals (the what, why, when and how of this kind of

management)Characteristics of projects and project work (distinction between

projects and operations)The project life cycleFunctions and viewpoints of project managementProject environmentsThe organisational implementation (pure project organisation, the

project as part of the functional organisation, and of the matrix organisation; mixed organisational systems)Initiating a project

Select project ideas; project portfolio processInitial project coordinationDefining a project/the project master plan (the project goal; create

project objectives; determine project scope and exclusions; define project deliverables; evaluate project constraints)

Determine project feasibilityCompiling a project charter/project approval

Planning a projectPlanning stepsThe work breakdown structureEstimating and sequencing activitiesCalculating the critical path (network techniques)/project schedulesPreparing resource plans

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Cost estimating and budgetingBuilding and developing a team

Creating an environment for successEstablishing a project management cultureDefining project rolesSelecting the project managerManaging conflicts (methods for resolving conflicts)Communicating effectivelyHolding meetingsMaking team decisionsLeadership and participation

Executing the projectCreating a work plan for executionStart up workManaging performanceManaging risk and changeStakeholder management and project marketing Monitoring and information systems

Controlling project workControlling tools (software solutions)Cost accounting systemsEarned value as means of controlPerformance analysis

Project terminationProject auditing and project summary evaluationFinal reports and closing the contractFeedback techniquesProject failures, success and lessons learned

15. Basic bibliography Cooke H., Tate K. 2005, The McGraw-Hill 36-Hour Project Management Course. McGraw-Hill, New York, ISBN0-07-143897-1

Nicholas J. 2004, Project Management for Business and Engineering – Principles and Practice, 2nd edition, Elsevier, Amsterdam, ISBN 0-7506-7824-0

Meredith J., Mantel S. jr. 2002 Project Management – A Managerial Approach. John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0-471-07323-7

Project Management Institute. 2000, A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge. Newtown Square, Pennsylvania. ISBN 1-880410-22-2

Richman L. 2002, Project Management – Step-by-Step. Amacom, New York, ISBN 0-8144-0727-7

Verzuh E. 2005, The fast forward MBA in project management – 2nd

edition. John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0-471-69284-016. Envisaged learning outcomes

16.1 Knowledge and

understanding

Student will know and understand the principles of project work. They possess insights into the philosophy and concepts of project management and they will understand this kind of organization behavior.

16.2 Application On the basis of understanding the theoretical background of project management and on the basis of knowing the functionality of project management tools, the students will be able to apply the

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16.3 Reflection the student will be able to recognize and to analyze failures in practical project work due to their theoretical knowledge and they are capable of putting improvements into practice


Based on the knowledge of key issues for successful project work students will find basis proper solutions also for complex challenges if some kind of teamwork is required.


Lectures and practical exercises. The course is coaching oriented. Theoretical inputs inform about the basics and their background. These information units are followed by interactive exercises, discussions, practical teamwork and case study training. Systematic feedback from the teacher rounds each teaching unit off.




- written exam (60%)- participation at the practical exercises (10%)- written reports about the case study work (30%)Evaluation scale: 0-17 (negative), 18-30 (positive, where 30 is the highest grade).



21. Curriculum compiler Free University of Bolzano, Prof. Hans Karl Wytrzens

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