modal verbs lats ok
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- My cousin, who is only 2 years old, can already speak.
- Can your sister play the piano?
- Messi can play football very well.
- Let’s buy some Chinese food. I can’t cook very well.
- My uncle, who is a chef, is able to prepare delicious dishes.
- If you save money, you will be able to buy a new car.
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- When I was four years old, I could read and write.
- Sarah’s grandmother could sing very well.
-My cousin couldn’t swim until last year and now she can swim better than me.
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- Can you pass me the salt, please? (REQUEST)
- Can I come in? (ASK FOR PERMISSION)
- Ok, you can go now. (GIVE PERMISSION)
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- Could you help me with this exercise? It’s so difficult.
COULD is also used to make a polite suggestion.A: I’m going to Holland next week.
B: Oh, really? You could visit your Dutch relatives then.
- Mrs. Lola, may I go to the toilet?
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- Will you help me with the suitcases, please? They’re so heavy.
- Would you open the window, please? It’s so hot in here.
- Shall I help you with your luggage?
- Would you like a sandwich?
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- Students in private schools must wear a uniform. (RULE)
- All of our friends are going to that party. We must go too. (NECESSITY)
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The obligation
comes from the speaker
The obligation
doesn’t come from the speaker
MUM: You must be home by 11 o’clock.
You go out. When it’s time to go, you can say:
“I’ll leave. I have to stay home by 11 o’clock.”
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They have more or less the same meaning but…
HAVE TO is used for all the forms MUST doesn’t have. Moreover, HAVE TO is used in the interrogative sentence.- Do you have to go right now?
- Yesterday I had to do the washing because the washing-machine broke down.
- If you want to be successful, you will have to work very hard.
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Prohibition No obligation, no necessity
-You mustn’t smoke in the premises. (IT IS PROHIBITED, IT IS NOT ALLOWED)
- You don’t have to wear a uniform at school. (IT IS NOT NECESSARY)
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-She needn’t bring anything; there’s lots of food.
-She doesn’t have to bring anything; there’s lots of food.
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- It’s 8 o’clock. Sally must be at work. (I’M SURE)
- It’s 8 o’clock. Sally can’t be at home. (IT’S IMPOSSIBLE)
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-Advice
-Opinion
-Moral duty
-You ought to improve your manners.
- I think you should tell him the truth.
- Carol should visit her grandfather more often.
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Scissors can be dangerous if not used properly.
I may go to the party.
(I’m not sure, it’s possible)
I might go to the party.
(I’m not sure, it’s improbable)