MODAL VERBS

MUSTHAVE TO CANCOULDSHOULD

MUSTN’TDON’T HAVE TO CAN’T COULDN’T SHOULDN’T

Modal verbs

• Rules– They are followed by a verb in the base form

• I can run very fast

– They are the same for all the pronouns• She/they/I/ you could make it better

– They do not need auxiliars. They take direct negative and qestion forms• You can’t smoke here / Can you repeat that?

– They never combine with another modal verbs• You can’t must read**

MUST / HAVE TO

Must •No change in third person

•She must study hard to pass•Present tense only

•He must clean the room now•Mustn’t is the negative form

•You mustn’t smoke in the school HAVE TO

• It changes in the third person• You have to study • She has to be at home at 7.00

• It can be used in any tense• I had to study yesterday

• The negative form is DON’T HAVE TO / DOESN’T HAVE TO• You don’t have to come if you don’t want to

Both of them express obligation or strong necessity

MUST obligation or prohibition

You must study to pass the examsHe must come to school everydayYou mustn’t smoke in the schoolShe mustn’t drink alcohol if she is under 16

HAVE TO Obligation and something which is not necessary

You don’t have to bring me a presentYou have to bring your books everydayShe doesn’t have to come if she is busyHe has to be quiet in my classroom

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u6Cvgpz8pgw

Can and could

Can expresses ability •I can speak English •You can’t play the guitar•Where can you play tennis?

Could expresses ability in the past tense. It is also like CAN but in a formal way

• I could touch my nose with the tongue when I was six• She couldn’t speak properly when she was 2 years old• Could you pass me the salt, please?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2gkKzBCHcCo

SHOULD

• "Should" is most commonly used to make recommendations or give advice

When you go to Berlin, you should visit the palaces in Potsdam. recommendation

You should focus more on your family and less on work. advice

I really should be in the office by 7:00 AM. obligationBy now, they should already be in Dubai. expectation

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GqH21LEmfbQ

http://www.eslgamesplus.com/must-cant-modal-moonshot/• http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/

viewgame.asp?id=7710• http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/

viewgame.asp?id=3826

• http://lauragala.blogspot.com.es/2012/02/modal-verbs-in-songs.html