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Mobile Database Management System

DATABASE HIT THE ROADS…..

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WHAT IS MOBILE DATABASE?

A mobile database is a database that can be connected to by a mobile computing device over a mobile network.

A database that is portable and physically separate from the corporate database server.

But Mobile Database is capable of communicating with that corporate database server from remote sites allowing the sharing of corporate database.

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It can also be defined as a system with the following structural and functional properties

• Distributed system with mobile connectivity ( A mode in which a client or a server can establish communication with each other whenever needed )

• Full database system capability

• Complete spatial mobility

• Wireless and wired communication capability

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ABILITY OF MOBILE DBMS SHOULD BE TO…

communicate with centralized database server through modes such as wireless or Internet access;

replicate data on centralized database server and mobile device;

synchronize data on centralized database server and mobile device;

capture data from various sources such as Internet;

manage/analyze data on the mobile device;

create customized mobile applications.

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Mobile DB

Mobile DB

Laptop

PDA

CorporateServer

CorporateDB Mobile DBMS

Mobile DBMS

CorporateDBMS

CommunicationLink

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Need for data to be collected as it happens

Business Today Means Anytime, Anywhere, Any Device

Mobile users must be able to work without a wireless connection due to poor or even non-existent connections.

Need to access data while the mobile user is disconnected from the network—wireless or otherwise.

This capability is best implemented by incorporating persistent data storage using a mobile database in your application.

NEED FOR MOBILE DATABASE

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FEATURES OF MOBILE DATA BASE

Provide relational database services but require little memory

Analyze and manipulate data on a mobile device

Handle SQL queries on the road

Users can choose to

- Work online with a central DBMS server

- Download data & work on them

- Capture real-time data & Synchronize later

Are customized for mobile applications

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BUSINESS information on customers,

competitors, and market trends – anytime, anywhere….

Salespersons can update sales & customer data on the move.

PUBLIC SECTOR US Army uses mobile database technology to get current inventory and readiness info that can save them logistical costs.

APPLICATIONS OF MOBILE DATABASES

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HEALTH SECTOR

Used by Physicians to store and retrieve information while making their rounds.

Used by doctors & Para medics to retrieve vital patient history & treatment info while attending to patients in battle fields & remote accident locations..

DBMS FOR MOBILE DEVICES

• DBMS’s for mobile device should be dedicated to optimizing at least one of the following, preferably both:

power optimizationmemory management

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POWER OPTIMIZATION• Mobile devices such as laptops, cell phones, PDA’s, and

radios have a limited power supply.

• So we needed to optimize our DBMS to use as few resources as possible while providing the necessary functionality

MEMORY MANAGEMENT• Memory is an important criteria as far as mobile database

systems are concerned.

• It is important to decide how much of the devices internal memory should be dedicated to the DB

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MOBILE DATABASE ARCHITECTURE

For any mobile architecture, things to be considered are:

Users are not attached to a fixed geographical location

Mobile computing devices: low-power, low-cost, portable

Wireless networks

Mobile computing constraints

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THREE PARTIES

• Mobile databases typically involve three parties:

FIXED HOSTS MOBILE UNITS

BASE STATIONS

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Fixed hosts perform the transaction and data management functions with the help of database servers.

Mobile units are portable computers that move around a geographical region that includes the cellular network (or "cells") that these units use to communicate to base stations. (Note that these networks need not be cellular telephone networks.)

Base stations are two-way radios, installations in fixed locations, that pass communications with the mobile units to and from the fixed hosts.

They are typically low-power devices such as mobile phones, portable phones, or wireless routers.

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When a mobile unit leaves a cell serviced by a particular base station, that station transparently transfers the responsibility for the mobile unit's transaction and data support to whichever base station covers the mobile unit's new location

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MDS MARKET SHARE

• Sybase SQL Anywhere dominates the mobile database field with over 68%.

• IBM’s DB2 Everyplace is second market share holder.

• Third place is shared by Microsoft’s SQL Server Compact and Oracle9i Lite.

• Apple’s IOs use DataGlass mobile database by Impathic.

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SQL Anywhere

• Developed By - Watcom• Initial Name - Watcom SQL• Operating System - Cross-Platform• Type - RDBMS• Website:

http://www.sybase.com/products/databasemanagement/sqlanywhere

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• SQL Anywhere is a relational database management system(RDBMS) product from the company Sybase iAnywhere, a subsidiary of Sybase.

• SQL Anywhere can be run on Windows, Windows CE, Mac OS X, and various UNIX platforms.

• Database files are independent of the operating system, allowing

them to be copied between supported platforms.

• The engine supports stored procedures, and it can also function as a mobile database.

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• Stored procedures may return result sets, i.e. the results of a SELECT statement such result sets can be processed using cursors.

• SQL Anywhere is used in several contexts, including as an embedded

database, particularly as an application data store. • It can be used as a database server for work groups or for small or

medium-sized businesses.

• World Vision Canda - World Vision Canada, with Sybase partner FieldWorker Products Limited, has developed and prototyped an innovative solution – Last Mile Mobile Solutions— based on SQL Anywhere, that allows the organization to efficiently aid in emergency situations.

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Scimore DB

• Developed By - Scimore UAB• Stable Release - 4.0.2581.222 / Jan 2• Operating System - Windows• Type - RDBMS• License - Proprietary• Website - www.scimore.com

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SQLite• Developed By - D. Richard Hipp• Initial Release - August 2000• Stable Release - 3.7.10 Jan 16 2012• Written in - C• Operating System - Cross-Platform• Size - 275kB• Type - RDBMS(Embeded)• License - Public Domain• Website - www.sqlite.org

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Max DB size 128 TBMax table size Limited by file sizeMax row size Limited by file sizeMax columns per row 32767Max CHAR size 2 GBMax NUMBER size 64 bitsMin DATE value No DATE typeMax DATE value No DATE typeMax column name size Unlimited

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What is SQLite?Is an ACID compliant embedded RDBMS.

Implements most of the SQL standard.

Uses dynamically and weakly typed SQL syntax.

Can read and write sequentially.

Most widely used browsers, operating system, embedded system and many others.

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When to use SQLite?

Is different from most other SQL database engines in this

• Simple to administer.• Simple to operate.• Simple to embed in a larger program.• Simple to maintain and customize.• Small and fast. • But MAINLY Very Reliable as it is so simple.

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WHEN NOT TO USE SQLite?Its should not be used where simplicity is not the main criteria and where restriction to the common user are more.

• Simplicity of administration

• Simplicity of Implementation

• Maintenance are more important than the countless complex features that enterprise database engines provide.

• SQLite is not designed to replace Oracle. It is designed to replace fopen().

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COMMANDS IN SQLite?

• To Create Database :

$ sqlite3 test.db

• To Create Table With Structure:

$ sqlite3 test.db “create table t1 (t1key INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,data TEXT,num double);”

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INSERTING DATA IN SQLite?• The insert command is similar to the other SQL command INSERT

COMMAND.

$ sqlite3 test.db "insert into t1 (data,num) values ('This is sample data',3);“ $ sqlite3 test.db "insert into t1 (data,num) values ('More sample data',6);“ $ sqlite3 test.db "insert into t1 (data,num) values ('And a little more',9);"

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WHAT ABOUT SELECT STATEMENT?

As expected the select statement is not different from theother SQL SELECT statement. The syntax remains the same.

$ sqlite3 test.db "select * from t1";1|This is sample data|3|2|More sample data|6|3|And a little more|9|

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HOW TO EXIT SQLite?

To exit out from the SQLite is very easy as 1,2,3… There are three small commands you need to use to exit.

SQLite version 3.0.8 Enter ".help" for instructions sqlite> .qsqlite> .quitsqlite> .exit$

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FAMOUS CLIENTS OF SQLITE

You would have never thought that these would be!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

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MOBILE DATABASE SYSTEM LIMITATIONS

• Limited wireless bandwidth

• Wireless communication speed

• Limited energy source (battery power)

• Less secured

• Vulnerable to physical activities

• Hard to make theft proof.

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HOW TO SELECT A SUITABLE MOBILE DATABASE

OS Platform a Likely Requirement PointBase , IBM DB2 Everyplace and Oracle9i Lite also have broad

platform support

Session Persistence Increases Usability Wired systems generally provide continuous connectivity

between client devices and the server. The synchronization process between a PDA and a PC over a USB connection, for example, seldom fails.  

Oracle9i Lite incorporates client-side representation of server data and applications.

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Even if your PDA loses connection with the server database, use of the application continues with the most up-to-date information in the database. After the client device regains the connection, Oracle9i Lite automatically updates the central server database.

If session persistence features are not available in your database of choice, then ponder including wireless middleware

Security Provisions Protect Data Security is very important for mobile applications, especially

wireless and public solutions. This is paramount when disclosure of information results in

potential damage or loss to a company. For mobile applications, be sure to implement complete end-to-end security

iAnyWhere, for example, includes 128-bit encryption between the client device and the server. This ensures that any transfer of data is not left open to hackers. 

 

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Memory Footprint Matters Because client devices have limited memory, the mobile database

software should fit within a relatively small footprint. Look for databases requiring less than 500KB of memory. The Sybase iAnywhere UltraLite database, for instance, only

needs 150KB of space. PointBase does even better with needs for only 45KB.