mit radiaton lab series, v10, waveguide handbook - front matter, preface, contents

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WAVE GUIDE HANDBOOK



L ‘. i “ ; +’/ i.—

MASSACHUSETTS INS TITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

RADIATION LABORATORY SERIES

Board of Editors

LouM N. RIDENOUR, Editor-in-Chief

GEORQE 13. COLLINS, Deputy Edi tor -in -Chief

BRITTON CHANCE, S. A. GOUDSMIT, R. G. HERB, HUBERT M. JAMES, JULIAN K. KNIPP,

JAMES L. LAWSON, LEON B. LINFORD, CAROL G. MONTGOMERY, C. NEWTON, ALRERT

M. STONE, LouIs A. TURNER, GEORCE E. VALLEY, JR ., HERBERT H. WHEATON

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

21.

22.

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

RADAR SYSTEM ENGINEERING—Riden ou r

RADAR AIDS TO NAVIGATION-HU1l

RADAR BEAcoNs—RoberL9

LORAN—P&Ce, McKen~ie, and Woodward

PULSE GENERATORS<laSOe and Lebacqz

MICROWAVE MA~NETRoNs—Co~ks

KLYSTRONS AND MICROWAVE TRIoDEs—Ham alton, Knipp, and KuperPRINCIPLES OF MICROWAVE Cm cum s-Montgornery, Dicke, and Purcell

MICROWAVE TRANSMISSION CIRc!u ITs-Ra gan

WAVEGUIDE HANDBooK—Marcu u itz

TECIINIQUE OF MICROWAVE MEASUREMENTS—MOnlgO?Wry

MICROWAVE ANTENNA THEORY AND DEslaN—Siker

PROPAGATION OF SHORT RADIO WAvEs—Kerr

MICROWAVE DUPLEXERS—&72Ulk and Montgomery

CRYSTAL Rectifiers—Torrey and Whitmer

MICROWAVE Mxxrms—pound

COMPONENTS Hm ’mBooK—B lackburn

VACUUM TUBE AWPLIF IERs—Va lle y a nd Wazlman

WAVEFORMS—ChanC.?, Hughes, MacN ichol, S ayre, and William s

ELECTRONIC TIME Mea su r em en ts—Ch a n ce, Hu ls izei’, MacNichol,

an d W illiam s

ELECTRONIC lNsTRuMENTs~r eenwood, Holdam , and MacR ae

CATHODE RAY TUBE DIsPLAYs—Soile r, ~t a rr , an d Valley

MICROWAVE RECEIVERS—Van Voorhis

THRESHOLD &QNALS-LaW90n and Uhlenbeck

THEORY OF SERvoMEcIIANIsh f- James , N ich ols, an d Ph illip s

RADAR SCANNERS AND RADoMEs—Cady, Karelitz, an d T urn er

COMPUTINQ MECHANISMS AND LINKA~E9—&ObOdO

lNDEX—Ht?nneY

. .

LL

I



WAVEGUIDE ~HANDBOOK

Edited by

N. MARCUVITZ -

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR Ok - ELECTIUC.4L ENGINEERING

POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE OF BROOKLYN

OFF ICE OF SCIENTIF IC RE sEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

NATIONAL DEFENSE RESEARCH COMMITTEE

F IRST EDITION

NEW YORK .

il!lcGRAW-HILL

TORONTO . LONDON

BOOK CO.lIPANY, INC.

1951

/



, .-— .

0 M4-I

WAVEGUIDE H .4AT)BOOK

C0Pyi31GHT, 1951, EY THE

YIC;GFMV-.HILL BOOK COMPANY, INC.

PRINT}:D IN-THE L-NTED ST.iTES OF .i\[ERI~.A

.111 r;qhts reserved . T h is book, or

p(irls th ereof, m ay not be reprod uced

In C(?LI .{0)’111 w{[ho?{~ p 6 ’7 ?1 1L’S S iO?L Of

th e pubksher.s.

THE MAPLE PRESS COMPANY, YORK, PA



Foreword

‘ 11’1

THE tremen dou s res ea rch and developm en t effor t th a t wen t in to th e

developmen t of radar an d rela ted tech n iqu es du rin g World War II

resu lted n ot on ly in h u n dreds of radar s et s for m ilita ry (an d s om e for

pos s ib le peacet im e) u s e bu t a ls o in a grea t body of informat ion and new

techniques in the elect ronics and high-frequency fields. Because this

basic ma ter ia l m ay be of gr ea t va lu e t o scien ce an d en gin eer in g, it seem ed

most impor tant to publish it as soon as secur ity permit t ed.The Radia t ion Labora tory of MIT, which opera t ed under the super-

vision of t he Na tion al Defen se Resea rch Commit tee, u nder took t he gr ea t

t ask of pr epa rin g t hese volumes. Th e wor k descr ibed h er ein , h owever ,

is the collect ive resu lt of work done at many labora tor ies, Army, Navy,

university, and indust r ia l, both in th is coun try and in England, Canada ,

and other Domin ion s.

The Radia t ion Labora tory, once it s proposa ls were approved and

fin an ces pr ovided by t he Office of Scien tific Resea rch a nd Developmen t,

chose Louis N. Ridenour as Editor -in -Chief to lead and direct the en t ir eproject . An editor ia l sta ff was then select ed of those best qualified for

th is type of ta sk . Fin a lly th e au th ors for th e va r iou s volu mes or ch ap-

ter s or s ect ion s were ch osen from among th ose exper t s wh o were in t i-

m a tely fam ilia r with th e va r iou s field s an d who were ab le an d willin g

to write th e summa ries of th em . Th is en t ire s ta ff a greed to rem a in a t

work a t MIT for s ix mon th s or more a fter th e work of th e Radia t ion

Labora tory was comp lete. Th es e volu m es s ta n d a s a mon umen t to th is

group.

Th es e volu mes s erve a s a memoria l to th e u n n amed h u n dreds and ‘

th ou sa n ds of s cien t is ts , en gin eers , an d oth ers wh o actu a lly ca r r ied on

th e res ea rch , developmen t , an d en gin eerin g work th e res u lt s of wh ich

a re h erein descr ibed . Th ere were s o many in volved in th is work an d th ey

worked s o clos ely togeth er even th ou gh often in widely sepa ra ted labora -

tor ies th a t it is im pos s ib le to n ame or even to know th os e who con tr ibu ted

to a pa rt icu la r idea or developm en t . On ly cer ta in on es who wrote

repor ts or a r t icles h ave even been men t ion ed . Bu t to a ll th ose who

con tr ibu ted in any way to th is grea t coopera t ive developmen t en terpr is e,

both in th is cou n try an d in En glan d , th ese volu mes a re ded ica ted .

L. A. DUBRIDGE

v



r

Preface

I

I

THIS book endea vor s t o pr esen t t h e sa lien t fea tu res in t he r eformu la tion

of m icr owa ve field pr oblem s a s m icr owa ve n etwor k pr oblem s. Th e

problems t rea ted are the class of elect romagnet ic “boundary va lue” or

“diffract ion” problems descr ipt ive of the sca t t er ing proper t ies of dis-

cont inuit ies in waveguides. Their r eformula t ion as n et wor k *problems

permit s su ch pr oper ties t o be ca lcu la ted in a con ven tion al n etwor k man nerfr om equ iva len t m icr owa ve n etwor ks composed of t ra nsm ission lin es a nd

lumped constan t circu it s. A knowledge of the values of the equiva lent

n etwor k par am et er s is a n ecessa ry pr er equisit e t o qu ant it at ive calcu la-

t ions. The theoret ica l eva luat ion of microwave network parameters

en ta ils in gen er al t h e solu tion of t hr ee-dimen sion al bounda ry-va lu e pr ob-

lems and hence belongs pr oper ly in t he domriin of elect rom agnet ic field

theory. In contrast , the network ca lculat ions of power dist r ibu t ion ,

fr equ en cy r espon se, r eson an ce pr oper t ies, et c., ch ar act er ist ic of t h e “fa r-

field” beh avior in m icr owa ve st ru ct ur es, in volve most ly a lgebr aic pr ob-lems and h en ce m ay be said t o belon g in t he domain of m icr owa ve n etwor k

theory. The independence of the roles played by microwave field and

n etwor k t heor ies is t o be emph asized; it h as a cou nt er pa rt in con ven tion al

low-fr equ ency elect rica l t heor y and a ccou nt s in n o small m ea sur e for t he

fa r-r ea ch in g developmen t of t he n etwor k poin t of view bot h a t m icr owa ve

and low frequencies .

In t he year s 1942 t o 1946 a r at her in tensive and syst emat ic exploita -

t ion of both the field and network aspect s of microwave problems was

car r ied out at the Radiat ion Labora tory of MIT by a group of workersamong whom J . Schwinger played a dominant role. By means of an

in tegr al-equa tion formulat ion of field pr oblems, Schwin ger poin ted t he

way both in the set t ing up and solving of a wide var iety of microwave

pr oblem s. Th ese developm en ts r esu lt ed in a r igor ou s and gen er al t heor y

of m icr owa ve st ru ct ur es in wh ich con ven tion al low-fr equ en cy elect rica l

theory appeared as a special case. As is to be expected, the presenta -

t ion of the results of these developments involves the work of many

individuals both in this coun try and abroad, as well as much mater ia l

which is now more or less standard in mathemat ical and engineer inglitera ture. Unfor tunately, it has not been possible to document ade-

quately these sources in the presen t edit ion . It is hoped that these and

vii



...V l n PREFACE

other omissions will be remedied in a subsequent and more up-to-da te

edition.

Although the pr imary aim of th is book is to presen t the equivalent-

cir cuit pa ramet er s for a lar ge number of m icr owa ve st ruct ur es, a br ief butcoh er en t a ccoun t of t he fundamental con cept s necessa ry for t heir pr oper

ut ilizat ion is included. Thus there is summar ized in the fir st t h ree

chapters both the field and network t heor et ic considera t ions necessary

for t he der iva tion a nd u tiliza tion of t he ba sic t ra nsm ission lin e-equ iva -

lent -cir cuit forma lism. Th e mode concept a nd tr ansmission-line formu-

lat ion of the field equa t ions are in t roduced in Chapter 1. This chapter

conta ins an engineer in g t rea tmen t of t he t r ansmission-line t heor y neces-

sary for the descr ipt ion of propaga t ing and nonpropagat ing modes in the

more impor tant types of uniform and nonuniform waveguides. Th e

field -s t ru ctu re, p ropaga t ion , a t ten u a t ion , etc., ch a ra cter is t ics of th e

tran sm is s ion -lin e m odes s o des cr ibed a re comp iled in Ch ap ter 2 , with

both qu a n t ita t ive an d p ictor ia l deta il. Th e elem en ts of m icrowave-

n etwork th eory requ ired for th e a n a lys is , rep res en ta t ion , an d m ea su re-

m en t of th e equ iva len t cir cu its for ~-term in a l m icrowave s t ru ctu res a re

ou t lin ed in Ch ap ter 3; a ls o con ta in ed in th is ch a p ter is a s ketch of s om e

of th e field th eoret ic m eth ods em p loyed in th e der iva t ion of th e equ iva -

len t-circu it pa ram eters repor ted in Ch ap ters 4 to 8 . Alth ou gh mos t

of th e above m a ter ia l is wr it ten for th e im pedan ce-m in ded m icro-

wave en gin eer , s om e of th e s ect ion s s h ou ld be of in teres t to th e app lied

mathemat ic ian.

Th e rema in in g ch ap ters con ta in a compila t ion of th e equ iva len t-

circu it pa rameters for a va r iety of n on d is s ip a t ive ~-term in a l m icrowave

s t r u c t u r e s . Th es e res u lt s a re pres en ted u su a lly both an a lyt ica lly an d

graph ica lly in in d ividu a l s ect ion s h avin g an in ten t ion a lly con cis e form a t

to a void repet it ion . S in ce th e an a lyt ica l formu la e a re frequ en t ly

cumbers om e to eva lu a te, ca re h a s been taken to a ch ieve a rea s on ab le

degree of a ccu ra cy in th e graph ica l p lots . In Ch ap ter 4 a n umber of

two-term in a l s t ru ctu res , s u ch a s beyon d-cu toff an d rad ia t ive wavegu ide

term in a t ion s , a re t rea ted . Obs ta cle and a pertu re d is con t in u it ies in wave-

gu ides , gra t in gs in free s pace, etc., a re amon g th e fou r-term in a l s t ru ctu res

des cr ibed in Ch ap ter 5 . Ch ap ter 6 dea ls with s ix-t erm in a l m icrowave

s t ru ctu res an d con ta in s th e equ iva len t-circu it pa rameters for a n umber

of E- an d H-p lan e T’- an d Y-ju n ct ion s , b ifu rca t ion s , etc. Severa l eigh t-

term in a l s t ru ctu res a re t rea ted in Ch ap ter 7 . Ch ap ter 8 con ta in s th e

circu it des cr ip t ion of a n umber of typ ica l com pos it e m icrowave s tru c-

tu res : d ielect r ic-filled gu ides , th ick aper tu res , etc. In con tra s t to th e

rela t ively comp lica ted field ca lcu la t ion s em ployed to ob ta in th e p reviou s

res u lts , on ly s imp le m icrowave n etwork ca lcu la t ion s a re requ ired to fin d

th e circu it pa rameters an d p ropert ies of th es e compos ite s t ru ctu res .



PRIIFA CE ix

‘l’he equ iva len t -circu it res u lt s in th e va r iou s s ect ion s of Ch apters 4 to 8

in volve th e cxpcm (litu re of con s iderab le t im e an d effor t on th e pa rt of

m any workers -often n ot a t a ll commen su ra te ~vith th e s pa ce devoted

toth eprcwm ta t ion of th es e resu lt s . Ea ch s ect ion u s u a lly rep res en ts th e

con tr ibu t ion s of mu n y in d ividu a ls wh o u n for tu n a tely a re n ot a ckn owl-

cdgedin e~ch in s ta n ce. In a dd it ion to,J . Schwin ger , th e followin g h elped

with d irect th eoret ica l con t r ibu t ion s to th es e s ect ion s :

,J . F. Car lson, A. E. Heins, H. A. Levine

P. M. Marcus, and D. S. Saxon.

Indirect contr ibu t ions were made by H. A. Bethe, I“. H. Frank, and

R. M. Whitmer . Thecffor t s of Levine and Marcus, who remained with

t he office of pu blica tion s u nt il it s close in 1946, a repa rt icu la rly a ckn owl-

edged; the la t ter cor rela ted all the tabulated work repor ted in thea ppendix. Thecont in ucd in ter est andcr it icism of Levin e and Sch \ vin ger

since the close of the labora tory are grea t ly . appreciated. Although a

grea t deal of exper imenta l work on the measurement of equivalent-

cirwit parameters was car r ied out , on ly that par t which is not covered

by or in agreement with theory is included in Chapter s 4 to 8. The

wor k of W. H. Picker ing et al., of California Inst itu te of Technology, and

of C. G. and D. D. Montgomery should be cit ed in this connect ion.

A consider able amount of t echn ica l assist ance \ vas r en der ed by many

others. hIrs. A. Marcus did most of the work on the mode plots pre-

sen ted in Chapter 2. C. W. Zabel cor rela ted some of the theoret ical and

exper imenta l da ta on T sect ions in Chapter 6. Most of the numerical

computa t ions ~rere car r ied out under the direct ion of A. E. Heins by M.

Karakashian, R. Krock, D. Perkins, B. Siegle, and others. Finally, the

valuable editor ia l assistance, planning, and cr it icism of H. M. J ames

in the init ial st ages of prepara t ion of this book should be ment ioned.

Although conceived at the Radiat ion Labora t or y of MIT, t he grea t er

pa rt of t his book ~vaswr it ten in t he year s subsequent t o it s close wh ile t he

a ut hor lvas L L staff member of the Polytechnic Inst itute of Brooklyn .

The a llthor )~ishcs t o thank Pr ofessor 11. Weber , Dir ect or of t he Micr o-

wave limcarch Inst itute at the Polytechnic Inst itute, for use of the

technical an d clcr icd fa cilit ies of th e la bora tory in th e prepa ra t ion of

th is book; a ls o va r iou s members of th e In s t itu te for th eir cr it icism an d

proofread in g of m any s ect ion s of th is book ; a nd la st ly h is wife, Mu riel, for

h cr con tin uou s h elp a nd en cou ra gemen t.

N. MARCWITZ

IlaooK1.YN,” N.1-.

Srptc,fftb.t, 19.50



_

_

_



Contents

FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..V

PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii

CHAP.1. TRANSMISSION LINES. 1

1.1. Wavegu ides a s Tran sm is s ion Lin es . 1

12. Field Repres en ta t ion in Un iform Wavegu ides . 3

1 .3. Un iform Tran sm is s ion Lin es . Impedan ce Descrip t ion s . 7

1 .4. Un iform Tra ns mis s ion Lin es . Sca t ter in g Des crip t ion s . 131.5 . In ter rela t ion s among Un iform Tran sm is s ion -lin e Des cr ip t ion s . 16

1.6.Un iform Tran sm is s ion Lin es with Complex Pa rameters . 17

(a ) Wa vegu id es with d is sip at ion

(b) Wa vegu ides beyon d cu toff

1 .7. Field Repres en ta t ion in Nonu n iform Rad ia l Wavegu ides . 29

1.8. Field Repres en ta t ion in Nonu n iform Sph er ica l Wavegu ides . . . 47

CHAP. 2 . TRANSMISSION-LINE MODES . . . . . . 55

2 .1 . Mode Ch a ra cter is t ics . . . . . 55

2 .2 . Rectan gu la r Wavegu ides . . . . . . . . . . . . 56(a ) II-mod es

(b) H-modes

(c) Modes in a Parallel Plate Guide

2.3. Circular Waveguides .,... . . . . . . . . . . . 66

(a ) “E-modes

(b) H-modes

2.4. Coaxial Waveguides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...72

(a ) E -modes

(b) H -mod es

2.5. Ellipt ical Waveguides . 79

26. Space as a Uniform Waveguide 84

(a) Fields in free space

(b) Field in the vicin ity of grat ings

2.7. Radial Waveguides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..~9

(a ) Cylindr ica l cr os s-s ect ion s

(b) Cylin dr ica l sect or cr oss-sect ion s

2.8. Spher ica l Waveguides. . . . . . . . 96

(a), Fields in free space

(b) Con ica l wa vegu ides

CHAP. 3 . MICROWAVE NETWORKS . . . 101

3.1. Repres en ta t ion of Wavegu ide Discon t in u it ies 101

(a ) Im ped an ce r ep res en ta tion

(b ) Adm it ta n ce r ep res en t at ion

(c) S ca tt er in g r ep res en t at ion

xi



xii CONTENTS

3.2. Equivalent Circu it s for Waveguide Discont inuit ies. 108

33. Equivalent Represen ta t ions of Microwave Networks 117

3.4. Measurement of Network Parameters 130

3.5. Theoret ica l Determinat ion of Circuit Parameters . 138

CHAP. 4. TWO-TERMINAL STRUCTURES,. . . . . . . 168

LINES TERMINATING IN Gurnrm BEYOND CUTOFF . . . . . 168

4.1 . Ch an ge of C ros s Sect ion , H-p lan e . . . . . . 168

(a ) Sym metr ica l ca s e

(b ) Asymmetr ica l ca se

4.2 . Bifu rca t ion of a Rectan gu la r Gu ide, H-p lan e 172

4.3 , Cou p lin g of a Coaxia l Lin e to a Circu la r Gu ide 174

4.4 . Rectan gu la r to Circu la r Ch an ge in Cros s Sect ion . 176

4.5 . Term in a t ion of a Coaxia l Lin e by a Capa cit ive Gap 178

LINES RADIATING INTO SPACE... . . . . . 179

4.6a . Pa ra llel-p la te Gu ide in to Space, E -p lan e 179

46fI. Rectan gu la r Gu ide in to Bou n ded Space, E -p lan e 183

4,7a . Pa ra llel-p la te Gu ide Rad ia t in g in to Spa ce, E-p lan e. 183

4.7b. Rectan gu la r Gu ide Rad ia t in g in to Bou nded Ha lf Space, E-p lan e 184

4.8 . Pa ra llel-p la te Gu ide in to Space, H-p lan e 186

4.9 . Pa ra llel-p la te Gu ide Rad ia t in g in to Ha lf Space, H-p lan e 187

4 .10. Apertu res in Rectan gu la r Gu ide. 193

(a ) Recta ngu la r a per tu res

(b ) Circu la r a per tu r es

4.11 . Array of S em i-in fin ite Plan es , H-p lan e 195

4.12 . Rad ia t ion from a Circu la r Gu ide, E ,,-mode. 196

4 .13, Rad ia t ion from a Circu la r Gu ide, H~,-m ode 201

4 ,14. Rad ia t ion from a Circu la r Gu ide, If,, -mode 206

415 . Coaxia l Lin e with In fin ite-cen ter Con du ctor 208

416 . Coaxia l Lin e Rad ia t in g in to Sem i-in fin ite Space 213

CHAP. 5, FOUR-TERMINAL STRUCTURES 217

STRUCTURES W-ITH ZERO THICKNESS. 218

5.1.

5.2.

5.3.

5.4.

5.5.

5.6.

Capacit ive Obstacles and Windows in Rectangular Guide 218

(a ) Win dow formed by two obs ta cles

(b ) Win dow formed by on e obs ta cle

(c) Symm etr ica l ob st acle

In du ct ive Obs ta cles an d Win dows in Rectan gu la r Gu ide 221

(a ) Symmetr ica l win dow

(b) Asymmet rica l win dow

(.) Symmet rica l obstacle

Capa cit ive Windows in Coa xia l Gu ide 229

(a ) Dis k on in ner con du ctor

(b ) Dis k on ou ter con du ctor

Circu la r an d E llip t ica l Aper tu res in Rectan gu la r Gu ide. 238

(a ) Cen tered circu la r a per tu re

(b) Small ellipt ica l or cir cu la r aper tur e

Ellipt ica l and Circular Aper tu res in Circular Guide 243

Small E llipt ica l and Circu lar Aper tures in Coaxial Guide. 246



CONTENTS. . .

Xm

5.7.Annula r Window in Circu lar Guide 247

5.8. Annula r Obstacles in Circula r Guide. 249

STRUCTURES WITH FINITE THICKNESS . . . . . 249

5.9 . Capa cit ive Obs ta cles of Fin ite Th ickn es s 249



5.10 . In du ct ive Win dows of Fin ite Th ickn es s . . . . . . 253

(a ) Symm etr ica l win dow

(b ) As ymm etr ica l win dow

5.11 . Solid In du ct ive Pos t in Rectan gu la r Gu ide . . . . 257

(a ) Off-cen tered pos t

(tJ ) Cen tered p os t

(c) Non circu la r p os ts

5 .12. Dielect r ic Pos ts in Rectan gu la r Gu ide 266

5.13. Capacit ive Pos t in Rectan gu la r Gu ide 268

5.14. Pos t of Va riable Heigh t in Rectan gu la r Gu ide 271

5.15. Sph erica l Den t in Rectan gu la r Gu ide. 274

5.16. Circu la r Obs ta cle of Fin ite Th ickn es s in Recta n gu la r Gu ide. 274

517. Reson an t Rin g in Circu la r Gu ide 275

GRATINGS AND ARRAYS IN FREE SPACE 280

5.18. Capacit ive Str ips . . . . .. 280

5,19. In du ct ive Str ips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...284

5.20. Ca pacit ive Pos t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...285

521 . In du ct iveP oa ts . . . . . . 286

5.22. Array of Sem i-in fin ite Plan es , E-p lan e 289

5 .23. Array of Sem i-in fin ite Plan es , H-p lan e 292

ASYMMETRIC STRUCTURES; COUPLING OF Two GUIDES 296

5 .24. J u n ct ion of Two Rectan gu la r Gu ides , H-p lan e. 296

(a ) Symmetr ica l ca se


5 .25. Bifu rca tion of a Rectan gu la r Gu ide, H-p lan e 302

5 .26. Ch an ge in Heigh t of Rectan gu la r Gu ide 307

(a ) Sym metr ica l ca s e


5 .27. Ch an ge in Rad iu s of Coaxia l Gu ide . 310

(a ) Equ al ou ter rad ii

(b ) Equ al in ner radii

5 .28 . 11-p lan e Corn ers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 312

(a ) Righ t-an gle ben ds

(b ) Arb itra ry an gle ben ds

5.29 . H-p lan e Corn ers . . . . . . . 318

(a ) Righ t-a ngle ben ds

(b ) Arb itra ry a ngle H-p lan e corn ers

5,30 . J u n ct ion of a Rectan gu la r an d a Rad ia l Gu ide, E-p lan e. 322

5.31 . Cou p lin g of a Coaxia l an d a Circu la r Gu ide. 323

5.32. Cou p lin g of Rectan gu la r an d Circu la r Gu ide 324

533. Apertu re Cou plin g of Two Gu ides . . . . 329

(a ) J u nct ion of two rectan gu la r gu ides

(b ) J u nct ion of two circu la r gu ides

(c) J u nct ion of two coa xia l gu ides

(d ) J u n ct ion of a rectan gu la r an d circu la r gu ide



xiv CONTENTS

&34. Circu la r Bends , E-pla n e . 333

5.35 . Circu la r Bends , H-pla n e . 334

CHAP. 6 . SIX-TERMINAL STRUCTURES 336

6.1 . Open T-ju nct ion , E-p lan e. 337

6.2 . Slit -cou p led T-ju n ct ion s in Rectan gu la r Gu ide, E-p lan e. 339

6.3 . 120° Y-ju nct ion , E-p lan e 352

6.4 . E-pla n e Bifu rca t ion 353

6.5 . Open T-ju nct ion , H-p lan e. 355

6.6 . Slit -cou pled T-ju nct ion in Recta n gu la r Gu ide, H-plane 360

6.7. 120”y-ju n ct ion , H-plan e. 362

6.8 . Aper tu re-cou p led T-ju n ct ion s , E-plan e. 363

(a ) Rectan gu la r s tu b gu ide

(b) Circu la r s tu b gu ide

6 .9 . Aper tu re-cou pled T-ju n ct ion in Recta n gu la r Gu ide, H-pla n e. 366

(a ) Rectan gu la r s tu b gu ide

(b) Circu la r s tu b gu ide

6 .10 . Aper tu re-cou p led T-ju n ct ion in Coaxia l Gu ide. 368

6.11 . Bifu rca t ion of a Coaxia l Lin e 369

CHAP. 7. EIGHT-TERMINAL STRUCTURES. 373

7.1. Slit Cou plin g of Recta n gu la r Guides, E-plane. 373

7.2. Small-aperture Coupling of Rectangular Guides, E-plane. 375

7.3. Aper tu re Coupling of Coaxial Guides. 377

7.4. Slit Coupling of Rectangular Guides, H-plane. 378

7.5. Aper tu re Coupling of Rectangula r Guides, H-plane 379

7.6. OOY-junct ion , E-plane. 380

7.7. O“ Y-junct ion , H-plane. 383

7.8. Magic-T (Hybr id) J unct ion. ~ : 386

CHAP. 8. COMPOSITE STRUCTURES. . . . . . 387

PROPAGATION IN COMPOSITE Gurnm . . . . . . 387

8.1. Rectangula r Guide with Dielectr ic Slabs Parallel to E 388

8.2. Rectangula r Guide with Dielect r ic Slabs Perpendicula r to E 39 I

8.3. Circula r Guide with Dielect r ic Cylinder s 3938.4. Coaxial Guide with Dielect r ic Cvlinders 396

8.5. Rectanm.dar Guide with “ Nonr ;diat inz” Slit 397

8.6. Rectan&la r Gu ides with Ridges . ‘.

8 .7 . Rectan gu la r Gu ide with Res is t ive Strip .

THICKNESS E FFECTS. . . . .

8 .8 . Capa cit ive Obs ta cles of La rge Th ickn es s

8 .9 . In du ct ive Obs ta cles of La rge Th ickn es s .



8 .10 . Th ick Circu la r Win dow. .

8 .1 1. E -p la n e T with Slit Cou plin g . .

APPENDIX . . . . . . . . . . . .

GLOSSARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

399

.,. 402

404

,.. 404

.,, .,, 407

... 408412

,.. 415

.,, 421

. . . ,., 423

mit radiaton lab series, v10, waveguide handbook - front matter, preface, contents

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