miss. mona al-kahtani. why do we test the oral ability? because we want to measure the development...
TRANSCRIPT
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Why do we test the oral ability?
because we want to measure the
development of the spoken language
and the ability to interact
successfully.
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
have representative sample of the tasks that
we expect the students to perform.
those task should elicit valid samples of
behavior that truly represent their abilities.
these samples can and will be scored validly
and reliably.
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Specify all possible content.
It should be found in the test
specification.
Include a representative sample
of the specified content.
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Choose appropriate techniques.(A list of the appropriate techniques
will be discusses later)
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Answer Q.1
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Plan and structure the testing carefully.
1- Make the test as long as possible.
2- Plan the test carefully.
3- Give the students as many ‘fresh
starts’ as possible.
(more than one format, more than one
tester, separate items)Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
4- Use a second tester for interviews.
5- Set the tasks and ideas that is
appropriate for their level. They
should not cause the students any
difficulties.
6- Conduct the exam in a quiet room.Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
7- Put students at their ease.
(pleasant, reassuring, avoid reminding them they are being tested, don’t make obvious notes, transition between topics should be natural as much as possible)
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
8- Collect enough relevant
information about the students.
9- Do not talk too much.
10- Train the instructors.
(they should be sympathetic, flexible,
have good command of the language)
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Oral ability can be scored either;
holistically or analytically.
It is advisable to use the analytical
method because not all the teachers
are well-trained to evaluated the
spoken language. Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Holistic scoring.
For example;
in ALIGU test, speaking is being scored according to comprehension, pronunciation, grammar and word order, vocabulary, and general speed of speech. Each area is weighted equally.
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Points Description
5 pts. Use English with few (if any) noticeable errors of grammar and word order.
4 pts. Use ‘good English’, but with occasional grammatical or word order errors which do not, however, affect the meaning.
3 pts Meanings occasionally influenced by grammatical and or word order.Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
2 pts. Grammatical usage and word order definitely unsatisfactory. Frequent need to rephrase construction and/or restricts himself/herself to basic structural patterns.
1 pt. Errors of grammar and word order make comprehension quite difficult.
0 pt. Speech is full of grammatical and word order errors as to be virtually unintelligible to the ‘man in the street’.Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Analytical (Objective) scoring.Take off points for grammatical,
pronunciation, vocabulary errors, lack of fluency, and appropriateness.
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Most common technique used.
Drawbacks????
The relationship between the tester and the students. ????
tests one style of speech.
However, we can get around this last problem by using different techniques.
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
A) Questions and request for information.
yes/no questions should be avoided, except at the beginning.
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
We can use the following types of questions;
1- Request for elaboration.
2- appearing not to understand.
3-invitation to ask questions.
4- interruption.
5- abrupt change of topics.(check the examples on page 119)
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
B) Pictures.
C) Role play
D) Interpreting
E) Prepared monologue
(presentation)
(check the examples on page 120)Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Advantages: Elicit language that is appropriate to
exchange between equals.They will feel more confident.Disadvantages: The performance of one might affect
the performance of the other one.Some candidate might dominate and
don’t allow the other one to express themselves.
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
A) Discussion
B) Role play
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
All candidates should be
presented with the same audio-
video recorded stimuli, and the
candidates themselves response
into microphones. this format is called “semi-direct”.
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Disadvantages:
It can not be administered if language
laboratories are not available.
It is inflexible because the students’
performance can not be traced.
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
A) Describe / comment on
situations.
B) Simulated conversation
C) Picture
(Check examples on page 122)
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani
Miss. Mona AL-Kahtani