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Compilation of Union Catalogue of Serials for Major Libraries in Bangalore
Minor Project
Submitted during the training course on
Information Technology Applications to Library and Information Services
By S.Shravan Kumar
National Centre for Science Information Indian Institute of Science
Bangalore – 560 012
April 2001
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Certificate
This is to certify that the Minor Project entitled “Compilation of Union Catalogue of Serials for Major Libraries in Bangalore” is a bonafide work done by Mr.S.Shravan Kumar under my guidance in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Training Course on Information Technology Application to Library and Information Services, National Centre for Science Information, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore – 560 012.
Mrs. K. T.Anuradha, National Centre for Science Information,
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore – 560 012.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I sincerely express my gratitude to Mrs. K.T.Anuradha,
Technical Officer, National Centre for Science Information for her
valuable guidance, encouragement and help during this project work.
I express my thanks to Prof.A.G.Menon, Chairman, National
Centre for Science Information, Indian Institute of Science and
Dr.T.B.Rajashekar, Associate Chairman, National Centre for Science
Information, Indian Institute of Science for providing me an
opportunity to carry out this project. My sincere thanks to all NCSI staff and also my colleagues for
their cooperation during my project work. Place : Bangalore Date : 03.04.2001 (S.Shravan kumar)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1 Need for Resource Sharing 2 CHAPTER 2 Objective of the Project 6 Problems 6 CHAPTER 3 Methodology 7 Implementation 11 CHAPTER 4 Conclusion 12 Future Development 13
REFERENCES 14 APPENDIX 15
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INTRODUCTION
Effective electronic resource sharing is critical to library
information services of the 1990s. Explosion of data and increased
cost of information force libraries to work together, and technological
advancements present the library service profession a platform for
resource sharing, like providing contents, abstracts or full texts of
current journals, as well as providing organised and searchable
access to locally-held information about serials and to provide access
to this collection of journals for document delivery purposes.
Cooperative endeavors among library boards owning journal
collections make these resources available to participating libraries in
the most cost-effective manner and provide comprehensive collection
development to expand the periodical resources. To improve
efficiency in the ILL workflow and enhance interlibrary loan
processes.
Resource sharing, according to Allen Kent, denotes "a mode of
operation whereby library functions are shared in common by a
number of libraries. The goals are to provide a positive net effect:
(a) On the library user in terms of access to more materials or
services, and/or
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(b) On the library budget in terms of cost, or much more services
at less cost than if undertaken individually."
As an important means to improve the services to information
users, electronic sharing of journals has increasingly become the
focus of library information professionals. Currently many efforts are
being made in this direction at local, regional and state-level.
Need for journal’s sharing : The need for journal sharing stems from three underlying trends
of a modern society: the growth of all forms of journal literature;
increasing reliance on information to enable society to function
effectively; inflation in the cost of journals coupled with increasing
availability of technology. These trends have made it economically
imperative to consider sharing journals.
Resources sharing has two bases:
The effectiveness of technology and the need to
cooperate.
(1) The technology to link libraries and to make the users of one
library aware of the collections of others is available and getting
better all the time, and
(2) Economics are forcing us to cooperate. No single library can
be self-sufficiency any longer; and, no longer can libraries
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afford to build up huge collections in anticipation of users'
demands.
Union Catalogue of serials will provide access to the list of journals
subscribed by the member libraries with the holding symbols of
journal’s and its availability among the participating libraries.
Major Benefits :
Improved Inter Library Loan Service (ILL) to the users.
Cooperative collection development. Planned acquisitions to
avoid duplication of other group member’s holdings. Increased
use of collections with instant local access. A way for all group
members to contribute, maintains, and access information.
From user’s point of view a union catalogue must be much
easier to operate and more consistent to make possible to achieve
more precise search results. Similarly the response time should be
less.
From library’s point of view the use of union catalogue by a
library is two fold:
a) The union catalogue can increase the quality of cataloguing
and make it even less expensive.
b) The union catalogue provides access to the library holdings and
services. A central union catalogue may well serve as a shared
cataloguing utility. As long as there is a need of original
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cataloguing, the quality control available at the shared cataloguing
utility is very important.
NCSI hosts Union List of Journals subscribed by Major libraries
in Bangalore from 1997. This project was carried out to provide an
Interactive Search Interface to the updated Union Catalogue (2001),
with holding details of each journal with its library code. The Union
Catalogue of serials covers the following libraries.
1.Central Machine Tool Institute (CMTI) 2.Central Power Research Institute (CPRI) 3.Central Research Laboratory (CRL) 4.Gas Turbine Research Establishment (GTRE/TIC) 5.Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA) 6.Indian Institute of Management (IIM) 7.Indian Institute of Science (IISC) 8.Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) 9.Indian Statistical Institute(ISI) 10.Kirlosker Electrical Company (KEC) 11.MECON (I) Ltd (MECON) 12.National Aeronautical Laboratories(NAL) 13.Raman Research Institute (RRI) 14.WIDIA(WIDIA)
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This Union Catalogue of Serials provides the Title of journal,
Place of Publication, Library Code, Subject category, ISSN, and
Holding details of the journal. The Union Catalogues are prepared
with an objective to serve as a tool for sharing the resources among
the participating libraries.
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OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT
The foremost objective of networking is resource sharing. The
system should therefore evolve methods that would enable the
rationalization of subscription of journals among the participating
libraries.
To update the NCSI union list of current serials by adding the
holdings details of each journal subscribed by the participating
libraries.
Union list of Current serials should be updated each year to
reflect the changes that take place.
Problems Among the fourteen libraries covered under union list the
NUCSSI database matched with nine libraries giving the title and
holding details of journals.
Few journals doesn’t have ISSN numbers, Internet availability is
not present for all records, place of publication is not available for
some journals.
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METHODOLOGY
STEP 1 :
National Union Catalogue of Scientific Serials in India
(NUCSSI), which is produced by INSDOC, New Delhi. It contains
about 3 lakhs of titles information published from 114 countries held
in nearly 850 libraries of Scientific institutions. Extraction of holding
details among the list of journals listed library wise in alphabetical
order from the NUCSSI database.
Patterns followed for representing holdings data of serials,
‘+’ Indicates that the serial is being currently received, ‘/ /’ Figures with in strokes mean missing volume or year, ‘( )’ Figures with in brackets indicate incomplete volume or year, ‘[ ]’ Figures in square brackets indicate update year of the library. Eg : i) Analytical Chemistry, 1-10, 1970-79 /2/ (9-10) The volumes 1 to 10 of the serial have been received from
1970-79. The volume 2 is missing while volume 9 and 10 are
incomplete. The serial is no longer being subscribed.
Eg : ii) Nature, 18,1983+ The serial is being subscribed from volume 18, 1983 onwards.
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The NUCSSI database can be searched for City-wise, Region-
wise and Countrywide. One can search by Title, Subject keyword,
Individual Library Holdings and Library Holdings on a particular
subject of a library.
STEP 2 : Taking the list of journals from NUCSSI database, by using the
option of Individual library holding subscribed by the nine libraries
with holdings. The following is the sample list of journals subscribed
by IISC library downloaded from the database which is alphabetically
arranged. The title followed by holdings with a delimiter as a comma.
ABGILA, 1-3, 1949-53 ABSTRACTS OF BULGARIAN SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE- MATHEMATICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCES, 1, 1989+ ABSTRACTS ON HYGIENE AND COMMUNICABLE DISEASES,
1-67, 1926-92 (62) ABSTRACTS JOURNAL IN EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING,
6, 1977+ /8,14/ ABSTRACTS OF MYCOLOGY, 6-8, 1972-74
STEP 3 :
For each library journal list downloaded from NUCSSI
database, a library code is given in the beginning of the title, to
identify the library that subscribes the journal. Later, combined all the
nine library journals list and sorted them title wise alphabetically
called as sorted list, which look like this
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Aa AICHE JOURNAL, 1, 1955+ (3,15) Ii ABB JOURNAL, 1988+ Ii ABB REVIEW, 1988 Gg ABB REVIEW, 1988+ (1988) Aa ABGILA, 1-3, 1949-53 Ff ABGILA, 1-3, 1949-53 Cc ABHIGYAN, 1983+ Aa, Bb, Cc, Dd, Ee, Ff, Gg, Hh, and Ii are library code which
represents the library where that journal is subscribed, like IISC, NAL,
IIM, GTRE, CMTI, ISI, CPRI, MECON and KEC respectively
followed by title and holding details.
STEP4 : Union journal list hosted by NCSI provided the list of journals
subscribed by different libraries giving details of journal title, place of
publication, library code, issn and subject. All the records are
arranged alphabetically. The sample record is as follows which is
downloaded by using MySQL.
Title|Place of Publication|Library code|ISSN|Subject
A.A.V.S.O. ALERT NOTICE|USA|IIAP|NA|PHYSICS
A.A.V.S.O. CIRCULARS|USA|IIAP|NA|PHYSICS
ABACUS|AUSTRALIA|IIM|0001-3072|MANAGEMENT
ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT EXECUTIVE|USA|IIM|0896-3789
|MANAGEMENT
ACADEMY OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL|USA|IIM|0001-4273
|MANAGEMENT
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STEP 5 : Match the title of the journal of sorted list with union list and if
the title gets matched print journal title, place of publication, library
code, issn, subject and holdings in new line of the journal, in output
file this was done by using C programming, the source code of the
programme written for the project have been given in the Appendix.
Eg:
ABHIGYAN|INDIA|IIM|0970- 2385 |SOCIAL SCIENCE,
MANAGEMENT|1983+
STEP 6 : For those libraries, which do not contain the holding details
returned the library code in the library holding column.
STEP 7 :
The output file of all the records are imported into MySQL
database.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Journal Title : ADVANCED MATERIALS AND PROCESSES Place of Publication : USA Library Code : CPRI,WIDIA ISSN : 0882-7958 Subject : MATERIALS SCIENCE Holdings : 131, 1987+ ; WIDIA
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STEP 8 : Access to this database is provided by CGI using Perl in the
following ways:
o Alphabetically (title wise)
o Subject category
o Interactive Search Interface
STEP 9 : Web page is created using HTML programming.
Web site : http://www.ncsi.iisc.ernet.in/ncsi/library/bnet/bnet.htm
IMPLEMENTATIONS Software Specifications : Operating System : Linux 5.0 Programming Language : C, HTML, PERL RDBMS : Mysql One more column of holdings was included for every record in
the output file and was uploaded into the database and updated.
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CONCLUSION The work done in the project is useful to both the users and the
participating library staff to known about the availability of a journal, in
the particular library and its collection details, by searching through
the title of the journal or by putting the keyword of the subject.
For the union catalogue of journals to serve as a gateway to
library holdings, it must contain not only the locations of documents
but also information of ability of a particular library to provide a
particular service in the range from the classical ILL to the most
advanced EDD (Electronic Document Delivery), it allows for the
delivery of documents (copies of journal articles or book chapters)
electronically in PDF format.
Interlibrary loans (ILL) are transactions in which library journals
are made available by one library to another. For the purpose of this,
they also include the provision of copies as substitutes for loans of
the original materials within applicable copyright restrictions.
Interlibrary loans are transactions solely between libraries and not
between libraries and individual patrons.
Document Delivery Service (DDS) is one of the most important
service in the library. The user wants the abstract or the full text
article of the citations mentioned under an article, and searches for
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the journal using the union catalogue by journal title and makes a
request to library staff for procuring the document from ILL.
The Future Development
Adding the library journal holdings of the remaining 5 libraries
ISRO, IIAP, CRL, RRI and WIDIA in the union catalogue of journals
and update.
Union catalogue and Union lists should provide an access to
the member libraries to make possible to append and edit the journal
holdings symbols via batch processing.
Union Catalogue should provide access to major resource
centers and document suppliers on on-line requests.
Building library collections should not go along with old way,
establishing regional document and information service center should
be considered as its total object for each individual library and the
collection of document should be in accordance with its specialized
subjects, key disciplines as well as its original advantage in collection.
The better way for this is to co-operatively establish networking
systems for the resource sharing among libraries through joint
acquisition and cataloguing, as well as inter library loan.
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REFERENCES
1. ‘So you want to build a union catalogue?’ by Matthew J. Dovey
http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue23/dovey/
2. The Virtual Union Catalog : A Comparative Study by Karen Coyle
http://www.dlib.org/dlib/march00/coyle/03coyle.html
3. Workshop #5 Report (Virtual) Union Catalogue: Finale or Failure
by Bled, Slovenia
http://www.stk.cz/~svoboda/ELAG_WS5/ELAG_WS5.htm
4. Library Electronic Resource Sharing Among Liberal Arts Colleges
by Wenxian ZHANG
http://www.whiteclouds.com/iclc/cliej/cl3zhang.htm
5. The C programming language (ANSI C Version), 2nd Ed.
By Brain W.Kernighan and Dennis M.Ritchie
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APPENDIX /* PROGRAM TO WRITE AN OUTPUT OF HOLDINGS FOR EVERY RECORD THAT MATCHES WITH SORTED LIST AND ULIST */ #include<stdio.h> #define MAX_SIZE 1024 char *gettitle(char *); char *gethold(char *); char *getlib(char * ); main() { char line[MAX_SIZE],line2[MAX_SIZE],uline[MAX_SIZE],holdings[9][100], title[500],next_title[500],code[10]; int i=0,j=0,intcode=0; FILE *sorted, *ulist, *output; sorted=fopen("/data4/ucat/all.sort","r"); ulist=fopen("/data4/ucat/shravand.txt","r"); output=fopen("/data4/ucat/final.txt","w"); fgets(line,MAX_SIZE,sorted); line[strlen(line)-1]='\0'; while( !feof(sorted) ) { strcpy(title,gettitle(line)); for(j=0;j<9;j++) { strcpy(holdings[j],"NA"); } switch( line[0] ) { case 'A': strcpy(holdings[0],gethold(line)); break; case 'B': strcpy(holdings[1],gethold(line)); break; case 'C': strcpy(holdings[2],gethold(line));
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break; case 'D': strcpy(holdings[3],gethold(line)); break; case 'E': strcpy(holdings[4],gethold(line)); break; case 'F': strcpy(holdings[5],gethold(line)); break; case 'G': strcpy(holdings[6],gethold(line)); break; case 'H': strcpy(holdings[7],gethold(line)); break; case 'I': strcpy(holdings[8],gethold(line)); break; } do { fgets(line,MAX_SIZE,sorted); line[strlen(line)-1]='\0'; strcpy(next_title,gettitle(line)); switch( line[0] ) { case 'A': strcpy(holdings[0],gethold(line)); break; case 'B': strcpy(holdings[1],gethold(line)); break; case 'C': strcpy(holdings[2],gethold(line)); break; case 'D': strcpy(holdings[3],gethold(line)); break; case 'E': strcpy(holdings[4],gethold(line)); break; case 'F': strcpy(holdings[5],gethold(line)); break; case 'G': strcpy(holdings[6],gethold(line)); break; case 'H': strcpy(holdings[7],gethold(line)); break; case 'I': strcpy(holdings[8],gethold(line)); break;
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} } while( strcmp(title,next_title)==0 && !feof(sorted) ); rewind(ulist); while( !feof(ulist) ) { fgets(uline,MAX_SIZE,ulist); if( strstr(uline,title) ) { break; } } if( feof(ulist) ) { continue; } uline[strlen(uline)-1]='\0'; strcat(uline,"|"); printf(" "); strcpy(code,getlib(uline)); for(i=0;code[i+1]!='\0';i++) { if(code[i]=='W') { strcat(uline,"WIDIA;"); } else if(code[i]=='S') { strcat(uline,"ISRO;"); } else if(code[i]=='R') { strcat(uline,"RRI;"); } else if(code[i]=='A') { strcat(uline,"IIAP;");
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} else if(code[i]=='C') { strcat(uline,"CRL;"); } else { intcode=code[i]-48; if( strcmp(holdings[intcode],"NA")!=0 ) holdings[intcode][strlen(holdings[intcode])-1]='\0'; strcat(uline,holdings[intcode]); strcat(uline,";"); } } if(code[i]=='W') { strcat(uline,"WIDIA"); } else if(code[i]=='S') { strcat(uline,"ISRO"); } else if(code[i]=='R') { strcat(uline,"RRI"); } else if(code[i]=='A') { strcat(uline,"IIAP"); } else if(code[i]=='C') { strcat(uline,"CRL"); } else { intcode=code[i]-48;
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strcat(uline,holdings[intcode]); } fprintf(output,"%s\n",uline); fflush(NULL); } fclose(sorted); fclose(ulist); fclose(output); } char *gettitle(char *str) { int i=0,j=0; char *temp; temp=(char *)malloc(500); for(i=3,j=0;str[i]!=','; i++,j++) { temp[j]=str[i]; } temp[j]='\0'; return temp; } char *gethold(char *str) { int i=0,j=0; char *temp; temp=(char *)malloc(100); for(i=0;str[i]!=',';i++) ; i++; for(j=0;str[i]!='\0';i++,j++) { temp[j]=str[i];
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} temp[j]='\0'; return temp; } char *getlib(char *str) { int i=0,j=0,k=0; char lib[15]; char *code; code=(char *)malloc(15); for(i=0;str[i]!='|';i++) ; i++; for(;str[i]!='|';i++) ; k=0; do { i++; for(j=0;str[i]!=',' && str[i]!='|'; j++,i++) { lib[j]=str[i]; } lib[j]='\0'; if(strstr(lib,"IISC")) { code[k++]='0'; } else if(strstr(lib,"NAL")) { code[k++]='1'; } else if(strstr(lib,"IIM")) { code[k++]='2';
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} else if(strstr(lib,"GTRE")) { code[k++]='3'; } else if(strstr(lib,"CMTI")) { code[k++]='4'; } else if(strstr(lib,"ISI")) { code[k++]='5'; } else if(strstr(lib,"CPRI")) { code[k++]='6'; } else if(strstr(lib,"MECON")) { code[k++]='7'; } else if(strstr(lib,"KEC")) { code[k++]='8'; } else if(strstr(lib,"WIDIA")) { code[k++]='W'; } else if(strstr(lib,"CRL")) { code[k++]='C'; } else if(strstr(lib,"IIAP")) { code[k++]='A'; } else if(strstr(lib,"ISRO")) { code[k++]='S';
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} else if(strstr(lib,"RRI")) { code[k++]='R'; } } while(str[i]!='|'); code[k]='\0'; return code; }