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BIODIVERSITY OF MINOR FRUITS Presented by: Kuldeep Garwa

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  • 1. Presented by:Kuldeep Garwa

2. Bael Bael (Aegle marmelos) Family-Rutaceae Type of fruit-Berry Edible portion-Succulent Placenta Origin: It is native to India and found throughoutsoutheast Asia. 3. Genetic resources CCSHAU, Regional Research Station, Bawal(10) ANDUAT, Faizabad(22) CIAH, Bikaner(16) CISH, Lucknow(44) GBPUAT, Pantnagar(10) CAZRI, Jodhpur(5) 4. Cultivars NB-5 best selection NB-7 CISH B-2 IC546120 heaviest fruit with highest TSS followed byIC546131 Pant Urvasi Pant Sujata Pant Aparna Gonda selection 5. CISH B-2:-Tree dwarfmoderately spreading,precocious bearing Fruit weight 1.80-2.70, thinshelled, pulp 61.32%, TSS31.90 brix Mature tree bears upto 60-90kg fruit.CISH B-2 6. Narendra Bael-5 Narendra Bael-7 Fruit moderate size withbetter quality, thin shell Less no. of seeds/fruit,TSS 380 B, fruit weight1.0-1.4kg/fruit, ascorbicacid 15.50mg/100g. Avg. fruit weight3.61kg, shell thickness1.98mm, fruit length19.50cm, breadth21.25cm TSS 240B and ascorbicacid 11.05mg/100g 7. IMLI Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) Family-Leguminosae Edible portion-Mesocarp Chromosome no.-24 Origin: Origin of tamarind has been reported to be in thetropical Africa and it still grows wild throughout theSudan. It is believed to be introduced into India since ancient timeand even occasionally reported as indigenous to India. 8. Genetic resources 248 collections have been made by various organizationfrom Bihar, Jharkhand, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, AndhraPradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Kerala, Karnataka, WestBengal and north eastern states. 9. Germplasm T-111 faizabad PKM-1 Tamarind-13(Goma Prateek) Urigam Pratisthan Tamarind-263 Yogeshwari DST-1 IC552913-heavy fruits with small seeds. 10. Lasoda Lasoda(Cordia myxa) Family-Boraginaceae Type of fruit-Drupe Edible portion-Mesocarp Origin and distribution: Native of Northwestern India anddistributed throughout country. 11. Genetic resources CCSHAU, Regional Research Station, Bawal(30) CIAH, Bikaner(65) NBPGR Regional Station, Jodhpur(73) ANDUAT, Faizabad Generally collected by NBPGR from Rajasthan, Haryana,Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh and UttarPradesh. 12. Germplasm IC546090-high fruit length or width. IC564563 IC564553, IC564548-highest TSS IC564547, IC564559, IC564556- pulpiest fruit. IC564550, IC564555, IC564563-lightest seeds. 13. Karonda Karonda (Carissa carandas) Family-Apocynaceae Type of fruit-Berry Chromosome no.-22 Edible portion-Epicarp & Mesocarp Origin: C. carandas and C. spinarum are native to Indiawhile C. grandiflora is native to South Africa. 14. Genetic resources Main variability exists in the states of Maharashtra, Bihar,West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Orissa, Gujarat, MadhyaPradesh, Rajasthan and in the western ghats. Major centres-college of agriculture,Kolhapur(212) MPKV, Rahuri CAZRI, Jodhpur(13) CISH, Lucknow(25) CIAH, Bikaner(5) 15. Germplasm PK-3 PK-4 Pant Manohar Pant Sudarshan Pant suvarna CHESK-1 CHESK-2 16. CHESK-1:-peak period of flowering is March and ripensin the month of June. Fruit weight 6.0g, pulp weight 4.64g, TSS 10.60 Bascorbic acid 26.39mg/100g. CHESK-2:-collected from Chirai Gaon, Varanasi. Itripens in the month of June-July and recorded 4.0g fruitweight, 10.30 B and ascorbic acid 34.00mg/100g. Pant Manohar:-fruits are attractive deep pinkish blush onwhite background, avg. fruit weight 3.49g, pulpcomposition is 88.27%, avg. yield/bush is 35 kg. Pant Sudarshan:- medium sized bush, fruits are lightpink in colour, avg. fruit weight 3.46g, pulp is 88.47%,avg. yield is 32kg/bush 17. Khirni Khirni (Manilkara hexandra) Family-sapotaceae Type of fruit-Berry Chromosome no.-26 Edible portion-epicarp & mesocarp Origin and distribution: M. hexandra is an indigenous treeto India. It is found wild in the forests of South India, North-central India, parts of Gujarat and Rajasthan. 18. Genetic resources 64 diverse accessions were collected from 12 districts ofthree states Rajasthan, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh. Germplasm of khirni has also been collected by CIAH,Godhra and CISH, Lucknow. 19. Germplasm IC584560, IC584558 and IC584569-heavist fruits 4.13g. IC584561 and IC584558-large fruits with high pulp. GK-1 and GK-10-promising cultivar. 20. Mahua Mahua (Madhuca latifolia) Family-sapotaceae Type of fruits-Berry Edible portion-Epicarp and mesocarp Origin: Originated in Indo-China region and spread uptoAustralia. 21. Genetic resources CIAH, Godhra (35) CISH, lucknow(8) NBPGR, New Delhi(29) Promising cultivar:-MH-32, MH-34, MH-35, MH-26,MH-27, MH-23, MH-33, MH-10, MH-14 etc. 22. Cultivars CISH M-8:- maximum weight 2.63g, TSS 23.260 B withjuice content 64.90%. Mahua-10:-superior collection from Vejalpur village,Gujarat. Weight 2.29g, 65% juice, 26.370 B. Mahua-14:-superior collection from Otala village, Gujarat.Avg. weight 2.24g, 66% juice and 25.00 B. 23. Jamun Jamun (Syzygium cumini) Family-Myrtaceae Type of fruit-Drupe Chromosome no.-40 Origin and distribution: The jamun is native to India,Burma, Ceylon and to the Andaman Islands and availablethroughout Indian plains up to the height of 1300m. 24. Genetic resources Germplasm have been collected from various parts ofMaharashtra, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh and WestBengal. Survey has been made by CISH, Lucknow in the states ofUttar Pradesh, Haryana, Maharashtra and Gujarat and 54accessions have been collected. NBPGR, New Delhi have also made extensive collectionsin the parts of Haryana and Western Uttar Pradesh incollaboration with CHES (CIAH) Godhra and CISH,Lucknow and 20 elite accessions have been collected. 25. Cultivars CISH J-37:-tree height 40-50 ft, avg. fruit weight 24.05g,pulp 92.26%, TSS 16.40 brix, ascorbic acid 49.88mg/100gand yield 200-300kg/plant. CISH J-42:- seedless, tree height 10-11.5m, fruit weight6.87g, pulp 97.9%, TSS 180 B, ascorbic acid34.14mg/100g and yield 180-250kg/plant. Jamun GJ-2:-avg. fruit weight 20g recorded, 85.0% pulp,180 b TSS, 45.43mg/100g ascorbic acid and yield 280kg/plant 26. Phalsa Botanical name: Grewia subinaequalis Common name : Phalsa Family: Tiliaceae Chromosome no.-36 Origin: Phalsa tree is native to Western India and spreadthroughout south Asia and in the Indian sub-continent. 27. Genetic resources Phalsa germplasm has been collected from various parts ofcountry including the states of Rajasthan, Haryana,Gujarat, Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh, by NBPGR,New Delhi, CCSHAU, Hisar and Regional ResearchStation of CCSHAU, at Bawal. In Phalsa not much variability is reported due to the selfpollination and only two types tall and dwarf have beencollected. Germplasm of phalsa is to be identified for bold fruits,small seeds and synchronized fruit maturity and longershelf life of fruits which are important traits.