Minoans, Mycenaeans, and Phoenicians

The three cultures

that influenced the

development of

Greek civilization

Minoans•A wealthy trading culture•2,000 B.C.•Exported pottery, metal work, wine, and olive oil

The Mycenaeans•1600 B.C.•Traded metals from the Greek mainland for the beautiful Minoan exports•Conquered Crete in 1450 B.C. and took over Minoa’s valuable trade•This civilization disappeared by 1100 B.C.

The Phoenicians• Located on the eastern Mediterranean

(today's Lebanon)• Founded colonies around the Mediterranean• Developed the alphabet

Greek City-States

• Shared a language & letters

• Remained independent of each other

• Each region had a Polis

• Each region was built around an acropolis

Structure of the

City-States

Polis Acropolis

Agora

Polis

A city-state in ancient Greece

Polis • Each polis was a nation of its own

• developed because land was isolated by mountains or water

• common language• depend on one another

to survive.

• met every year at a great athletic contest

known as the Olympics.

ACROPOLISa large hill in ancient Greece where city residents sought shelter and safety in times of war and met to discuss community affairs

Agora

• A central area in Greek cities used both as a marketplace and as a meeting place.

Governments of the

city-states

Monarchy Democracy

Oligarchy

Monarchy Some city-states had a single ruler

Oligarchy

In some city-states, a small group of the richest and most powerful citizens

controlled decision-making

DemocracyRule by the citizens

The Powers of GreeceCITY-STATE GOVERNMENT ROLE OF CHILDREN FOCUS OF THE CITY-STATE

SPARTA

ATHENS