ministry of urban development’s initiatives on transit-oriented development (tod), non-motorised...
TRANSCRIPT
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R K SinghDirector (UT), MoUD
Ministry of Urban Development’s initiatives on Transit Oriented Development (TOD),
Non-Motorised Transport (NMT) and Public Bicycle Sharing (PBS)
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Mumbai, 1910 Calcutta, 1930
Where we started…• Urban areas were based around compact, mixed use, walkable communities
• Human scaled mixed use buildings, and active street frontages
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Where we have reached…
New DelhiChennai
• We embraced automobiles and planned around them.
• Success was measured by how efficiently roads worked.
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Where we are headed…
Gurgaon Naya Raipur
• New cities are also planned for the automobile as a “symbol of development”, • rapid population growth, increased automobile ownership has led to great mobility challenges• Crumbling infrastructure systems which continue to define the image and quality of life in Indian cities.
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Population (Lakh) Trip Rate Total Trip NMT (%) NMT Trip (Lakh)7.50 1.1 8.25 50 4.1
15.00 1.3 19.5 43 8.430.00 1.4 42 42 17.660.00 1.6 96 35 33.680.00 1.8 144 30 43.2
Source: Study MoUD, 2008Estimated Trips (2021)
Significant proportion of Non-Motorized Trips (NMT) is anticipated
Past Trend of Cycle Share
1980 1990 2000 20070
1020304050
Nagpur Delhi Bhubneswar Indore AhmedabadCy
cle
Sha
re (%
)
Significant reduction in cycle share over period of time
NMT Scenario in India
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Existing DesirableNasty and encroached
Open Drainage
Clean , comfortable and well connected
Issues – Lack of Adequate Infrastructure
Conventional planning approaches have focused on vehicular movement over people movement
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Opportunities for Indian cities
Janmarg, Ahmedabad
Raahgiri
Cycling Delhi Cycle Tracks
• We need to return to planning cities around people.
• India has an opportunity to get it right the first time & avoid the mistakes made elsewhere in planning
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Source: ITDP
Under Sustainable Urban Transport Project (SUTP), an initiative of MoUD to build capacity of government officials at national, state and local level, Guidance documents for Non-motorized Transportation, Public Bike Sharing, Transit-oriented Development has been developed.
OBJECTIVES• Enhance capacity in implementing plans
for Non-motorized Transportation, Public Bike Sharing, Transit-oriented Development
• Develop Guidance Documents (GDs) and Conduct Workshops
• Prepare City-specific Plans to test the GDs in consultation with cities
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Capacity Building Workshops
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• National-level Workshops
• Increase awareness on the three emerging concepts of TOD, NMT & PBS
• Select demonstration cities for City Specific Plans
• City Specific capacity building workshops to increase awareness of policy leaders, decision makers and consultants.
• TOD- Mumbai | Bhopal
• NMT- Visakhapatnam | Aizawl
• PBS- Gurgaon | Vadodara
• Capacity Building workshops with students at School of Planning and Architecture to have a clear base for making better cities.
Capacity Building Workshops
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• Streamline the process of planning in the country
• Avoid duplication of effort by individual governments/ municipalities
• Sensitive to contextual variations and on-ground realities
• Applicability at various scales
• Flexible standard for development of Greenfield areas & redevelopment of infill areas
How will the Guidance Document help cities- HOW?
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TOD Guidance Document
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UNDERSTANDING TOD …
high densities + tall buildings
• Densification is not the end goal.• Combination of mixed-use with a high focus on accessibility and liveability.
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METRO CASH AND CARY
UNDERSTANDING TOD …
Isolated developments
• Development and transit are inclusive elements of TOD.
• Maximize densities within TOD, in order to facilitate maximum number of people walking or
cycling, or feeder services easily to access public transit facility.
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GUIDANCE DOCUMENT INCLUDES: SCALES OF TOD
Successful TODs are a result of coordinated planning policies implemented consistently at varying geographic scales- regional, city, corridor, neighbourhood, and site - over a time period of 10-20 years.
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TOD
PR
INC
IPLE
S
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NMT & PBS Guidance Document
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GUIDANCE DOCUMENT INCLUDES: DEFINING NMT & PBS
What is Non-Motorized Transportation?
NMT includes all the non-motorized modes of transportation – walking, cycling, cycle rickshaw (both passenger and goods), four wheel vendor Cart, and even tricycles used by differently abled persons.
Types of NMT Modes
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• Need based bicycle availability for multiple users on a sharing basis
• Commonly used for short trips (0-5 kms)
• Multiple pick-up & drop-off options• Offers last mile connectivity to public
transit • Technology enabled system for easier
access & tracking
GUIDANCE DOCUMENT INCLUDES: DEFINING NMT & PBS
What is PBS?
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GUIDANCE DOCUMENT INCLUDES: WHO ARE WE PLANNING FOR?• Needs of the pedestrians and cyclists compete with conflicting demands - hawkers, parked cars &
motorcycles
• Lack of traffic lights and regulated crossings
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“ If you plan cities for cars and traffic, you get cars and traffic. If you plan for people and places, you get people and places.”
Fred Kent, Project for Public Spaces
Challenges of increasing motorization
Congestion | Increased commute times | Accidents | Poor environment | Poor quality of life
GUIDANCE DOCUMENT INCLUDES: WHO ARE WE PLANNING FOR?
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GUIDANCE DOCUMENT CONVEYS that :
1. Land use patterns significantly dictate mobility patterns. Compact mixed land use patterns encourage shorter trips by NMT.
2. Multi-modal integration allows the flexibility of using different transport modes for different portions of a trip depending upon reach and availability
3. Complete Streets design which takes into account not only equitable distribution of road space but also focuses on safety and security of all users
4. Universal design principles to ensure barrier-free movement for all types of NMT users, including infant prams, children, physically or cognitively impaired pedestrians
5. Well-connected NMT networks facilitate more options, shorter trips and shorter travel times,
CicloRuta Bogotá through low income neighbourhood, Source: ITDP, China
Bicycle lane in Netherlands well defined using pavers, Source: Photo credits Wim Mulder
Temporary Street Closure at Madison Square, Source: NYC DOT
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NM
T PR
INC
IPLE
S
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PBS
PRIN
CIP
LES
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• Visionary, yet realistic
• Draw on best practices, but recognize unique local challenges & conditions
• Applicable at a range of scales, including large city-regions, medium-sized & smaller-sized cities & towns
• Flexible standard for development of Greenfield areas & redevelopment of infill areas
• Monitoring mechanism for gauging success factors
TOD+ NMT+PBS GUIDANCE DOCUMENT OUTCOMES
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Overall Integration of TOD, NMT & PBS is important. GOI recognizes this and is currently in process of
finalizing a National TOD Policy
THANK YOU