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Mini Quiz- Half SheetH = 1.01 g/mol, O = 16.00 g/mol
S = 32.07 g/mol, N = 14.01 g/mol, I = 126.90 g/mol
1. How many grams in 3.4 x 1023 molecules of H2SO4?
2. How many molecules are there in 0.40 g of N2I6?
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Unstable Nuclei
Often nuclei of very large atoms are unstable…
Unstable Nuclei Stable Nuclei + Energy
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Cause of InstabilityA p+ to no ratio that is not close to 1:1
Example: Polonium (Po) has 84 protons and 125 neutrons
Radioactive
Oxygen has 8 protons and 8 neutronsNot Radioactive
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Nuclear Reaction
• Reaction that affects the nucleus of an atom.• Radioactive decay: Spontaneous disintegration
of a nucleus into a slight lighter nucleus.• Particles and energy can be emitted.• This is called nuclear radiation
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92-Uranium-238
• 92 protons and 146 neutrons
• Radioactive nuclide• Undergoes a series of
radioactive decay
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3 Main types of radioactive decay
• Alpha• Beta• Gamma
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Alpha Particle
• Nucleus of a Helium atom• 2 p+ and 2 no
• Mass = 4, Atomic number = 2
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Beta Particle
• neutron to proton ratio that is too high
• Mass = 0, number -1
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Gamma Radiation
• High energy electromagnetic waves (light)• No mass• Pure energy
g
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Radiation Exposure
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Balancing Nuclear Equations
212-4 = 208 mass of new element84-2 = 82 atomic number of new element
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Balancing Nuclear Equations
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Uses for Nuclear Radiation
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Uses for Nuclear Radiation
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Uses for Nuclear Radiation
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Nuclear Fission• Heavy nuclei splits into more stable nuclei• Releases enormous amount of energy
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Nuclear Fusion2 small nuclei form a larger nuclei, producing a crazy amount of energy.
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Warm Up
What is the difference between nuclear fission and fusion?
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Nuclear Fusion2 small nuclei form a larger nuclei, producing a crazy amount of energy.
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Questions on Vegium?
Check your calculations… do you have the right number of SF?
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Check your Isotope WS
Do you have any questions on these calculations?
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Work I’m Collecting
VegiumUnit 2 ReviewAtomic Structure WS- (3 worksheets on 1 sheet)Isotope WS