mini encyclopedia

8/14/2019 Mini Encyclopedia

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/mini-encyclopedia 1/75

A

• 'A' Series Engined Models

Morris Minor, Rover Maestro 1.3 Clubman, Austin A40, Morris 1100, Austin Healey Sprite 1098, RileyKestrel 1300, Austin Allero, !olseley 1300, M" 1100, Austin Healey Sprite 1#$%, M" Mi&et 1098,Austin A3%, Austin 1100, M" Mi&et 1#$%, Austin 1300 "', !olseley 1100, M" Metro 'urbo, AustinA30, Morris Marina 1.3, Austin(Rover Metro M" 1300, Austin Mini)Metro, Riley Kestrel 1100, M"Metro *am + orettin ot-ers/. ot to mention Cooper ormula 2unior, nipoer, Mini)Mar5os, 6le,et5.

• 'A+' Block Identification

'-e A7 enine 5ame on to t-e mini s5ene in 1983. +t -as a t-i5er blo5 to bo lane an& is enerallymore robust t-an t-e stan&ar& A series. 6perationally it:s pretty mu5- i&enti5al an& is t-e same 5apa5ity.Hea&s(boes are sappable.Here are t-e A7 &istinuis-in eatures;

) Strent-enin ribs on t-e ba5 o t-e blo5 at t-e 5lut5- en&.) '-i5er blo5)earbo lane) <i==y 5lamp is a ore& plate it- a sinle bolt into t-e blo5.) <ipsti5 sits &ire5tly in blo5, not in a tube, an& is s-orter.) >erto 5lut5-, slave on plate slantin &onar&s, s-ort arm.) Alternator bra5et mountin -oles are 5loser to t-e ra& on t-e A blo5.) :A7: sti5ers on ro5er 5over i Metro?

6'@ ; '-e 1#$% 5ran ouls t-e insi&e o t-e earbo 5astin on earlier 190s unless t-e :bo 5ame oan BSB oriinally. '-ey stan&ar&ise& in :8 or :9.

• Acronyms, Commonly associated with Minis

<i==y ) <istributor Alto ) Alternator <yno ) <ynomometer spD *ot <ynamo, it:s an enine test be&/RR ) Rollin Roa&

CS< ) Cooper S <is5E)&rill ) Cross)&rille& 5ran(&is5sR'M ) Rea& t-e FFin manualMoo ) Morris !oseley "araes *also t-e name o t-e 800lb orrila -o ti-tene& t-e ly-eel boltsat G??/<i ) <ierentialS< ) imite& Slip <i CG ) on Centre Gran5- *e-aust maniol&/Ra& ) Ra&iator

1



S6HC(<6HC ) Sinle(<ire5t(<ual over-ea& 5amA+ ) Al&on +nitor @C ) @le5troni5 Control nit

•

Alarms for your car, usefulness of

A 5ar)alarm &oes or i t-e oul&)be)t-ie is one o t-e opportunity typeI:"o& +:m bore&, let:s see i + 5an ni5 a 5ar an& -ave some un.:!oul&n:t &o mu5- oo& aainst t-e mail)or&er 5ar t-ie t-ou-.:So -at year &i& you ant A- yes + no one it- a mo&el y alarm Just aroun& t-e blo5.:!-en it 5omes to prote5tin your 5ar t-ere a number o people -o you -ave to 5onsi&erIApart rom t-e above mentione& opportunity t-ie *6'/ an& mail)or&er t-ie *aa roessional, '/t-ere are t-e >an&al *>/, t-e nnon <river *</ *people -o borro your 5ar it- your 5onsent/,eople !-o Mean o Harm *!MH/, but 5an be irritatin none t-e less an& some-at ne on t-e blo5 t-e Car 2a5er *C2/.All t-ese reLuire &ierent in&s o a*la/rmin, some o -i5- are mutually e5lusive.

'-e < an& t-e Mon&ay)mornin)ee5t *MM@/ reLuire an alarm t-at:s simple to &isarm it-out toomany t-ins you -ave to remember. '-e >,6' an& ' reLuire one t-at:s 5learly visible an& loos -ar&to 5ra5 but not o any non type. '-e >, 6' an& ' nee& one t-at:s set o easily, t-e < an&!MH oto- &o not.So -at 5an you &o.ar your 5ar in a sae pla5e. Apart rom t-e ' an& t-e < none o t-e ot-ers ill o into your araeto try an& -urt your 5ar. Gut or most o us, t-at:s not an option.ou 5an also mae your 5ar loo lie S-F in su5- a ay t-at even a > oul& et orrie& about -is eyettin rusty i -e use& it on your 5ar. Coul& still be a un bo to &rive, but oul& loo lie it oul&n:tmae it till t-e en& o t-e street. '-is is one o t-e most ee5tive :alarms:.Aainst > you 5an atta5- t-ose :breainlass: sensors to all your in&os an& on t-e insi&e o your

li-ts, install :brea)o: ires on all parts t-at 5an easily be remove& an& possibly a movement)&ete5torinsi&e t-e 5ar. > ill run.Ge5ause o < an& !MH *lie t-e parinatten&ant 5lampin your 5ar/ t-ins lie perimeter alarmsare not a real oo& i&ea.or t-e 6' an& ' *-o really ant to tae your 5ar it- t-em/ you 5an install some sort oimmobili=er. Apart rom immobili=in some o t-e main un5tions *no uel, no start, no poeree& to t-eenine/ it also s-oul& be visible else t-e 6' mi-t en& up van&ali=in your 5ar out o rustration.Stu lie steerin -eel lo5s an& ear sele5tor lo5s usually aren:t ort- t-e money spent on t-emIusin a simple sa t-e part o t-e steerin -eel or t-e part un&er t-e earlo5 5an be sae& o,usually leavin enou- o t-e -eel(sele5tor to use it. '-e pe&allo5s usually are more ee5tive, butoten not as visible until you:re insi&e t-e 5ar...Ge5ause o t-e < an& t-e MM@ -atever alarm you install must be simpleIonly t-ose alarms t-at soun& -en really nee&e& are ee5tive alarms.Apart rom a :rip)o)alarm: *alarm soun&in -en resistan5e 5-anes, it- 5ables -ooe& to alla55essories/ t-ere:s not mu5- you 5an &o aainst >:s unortunately. + no o not-in you 5an &oaainst C2:s.'-e 6' an& ' 5an be &is5ourae& by a 5learly visible *even i it:s a &u&/ alarm, movement)&ete5tors*even i t-ey are &u&:s/, is o unre5oni=able oriin an& is 5omplemente& it- somet-in t-at loos liean immobili=er. + most are &u&s t-ere:s no problem. A simple immobili=er s-oul& 5ut o t-e ele5tri5 uelee&, t-e starterenine an& t-e ee& to t-e :bobine: *5oil /.+ uess you 5oul& mae an array o sit5-es *3 or 4/, possibly o t-e :nu5lear &evi5e arme&: type *alays

2



-ave ante& a 5ouple o t-ose on t-e &as- ;/ -i5- -ave to be sit5-e& in spe5ii5 or&er. ou s-oul& beable to 5-ane t-at or&er easily, as at some point more an& more people ill no it.6ne o t-ose atermaret immobili=ers 5ost about K 100,N in5lu&in installation an& also -as alas-in le on t-e eypa&.'-e 5-eapest solution + 5an t-in o is to o into on&on *or any ot-er bier 5ity o your 5-oi5e/, triple par your 5ar,ait or t-e poli5e to 5lamp it an& t-en tae out your poertools ;/Repla5e t-e lo5 an& you 5an par -erever you ant an& no 6' or ' ill try an& ni5 your 5ar.

• Alternator prolems, not charging

+ t-e re& inition li-t on your &as- is burnt)out(&is5onne5te& t-e reulator on:t be able to in& it:sreeren5e, an& t-is 5an 5ause t-e alternator to not 5-are, or even orse, not reulate t-e systemvoltae, bloin up ele5troni5 inition et5.

• Alternator !iring

'-e t-ree ires are at ee&, t-in ee&, an& sense.'-e sense ire oes to 7 via t-e &as- re& lamp. ou must -ave t-is 5onne5te& toallo t-e alto to reeren5e itsel an& ive out 13.8> or -atever. + re5e& myele5tri5 inition by -avin t-is un5onne5te&. Rev up an& 7 oes to D1%>.6ut o t-e ot-er to only t-e at one is nee&e&. '-ey are 5onne5te& in parallelanyay. + -ave 5ut out t-e t-in one an& it is ine.

• Ammeter, !iring Instructions

+t oes beteen alternator(5ar 7ive an& t-e battery(starter lines.!-en t-e 5ar starts, t-e 5urrent los rom battery to starter, an& 6' t-rou-t-e ammeter.!-en t-e alto is pro&u5in enou- 5urrent to ee& t-e 5ar, not-in lost-rou- t-e ammeter to t-e battery. Hen5e ammeter rea&s =ero, -i5- is 5orre5t.!-en t-e 5ar &ras 5urrent rom t-e battery *e; main beam on/ t-en some5urrent los rom t-e battery to t-e 5ar t-rou- t-e ammeter, -en5e ammeter rea&s 7ive, -i5- is 5orre5t.!-en t-e alto is 5-arin t-e battery, 5urrent passes t-rou- t-e ammeter t-eot-er ay to t-e battery, an& it rea&s )ive.'-e bi tri5 is to et t-e ammeter to rea& everyt-in e5ept t-e starter. '-is

is &one by eepin t-e *O1%0A/ starter motor on t-e :battery si&e: o t-eammeter.

• Australian Mini Suppliers

Gritis- Auto arts. un5-bol, .S.!. 9$0$ #4Mini Kin&om. Revesby, .S.!. 9$$4 3388Mini Car Clini5 a&sto, .S.!. 9$$4 33

3



Mini Auto Spares. '-ornlei-, .S.!. 9980 8399Mini P Moe !orl& Groovale, .S.!. 990% %$%3Mini Cooper Sport Servi5es 'elopea, .S.!. 984 481%Mini Spares P Repairs Riverstone, .S.!. 9#$ 3314Minis)R)s "irraeen, .S.!. 989 %%43enit- Mini Spares enrit-, .S.!. 018#98$4%Mini Mania Step-ens, Q<. 1 800 $34Mini Spares P repairs Seaor&, >+C. 03 9$809#3@nlis- Spare arts. Re&ban, Q<. *014/ 89$ %80'.K Motors. 'oooomba, Q<. *0$/ 438 #0 ort-ern Mini arts Hei&elber !est, >+C. *03/ 94%8)#111M.R Automotive Re&5lie, Q<. *0$/ 3#84 88Mini Automotive +psi5-, Q< *0$/ 3#81)4#%%Sun5oast Automotive Servi5es Maroo5-y&ore, Q< *0$/ %443)3111MiniCrat, ## Gassen&ean R&, Gaysater !.A. 08 93$0 3403

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

B

• Backpressure in e"haust

Ga5pressure F+SF ba&, but it F+SF a &ire5t result o a -i- spee& lo e-aust.+ t-in people are mu&&lin up t-eir :ba5pressures: an& :as momentums:??+t:s a bit lie sayin Bbi tyres ive more rib, but also more &ra, t-ereore &ra must be a oo& t-inB.+t isn:t, but e Just a55ept t-at.'-ese to Luantities 5ome toet-er *e; RC40 -as more ba5pressure, A< more lo/.

6ne t-in t-at e -ave all orotten, is t-at eton:s la *1st/ says t-at every a5tion -as an eLual an&opposite rea5tion, t-ereore i your e-aust as -as momentum *+@R'+A su5in as out/, t-en it also-as +@R'+A as seen by t-e piston tryin to a55elerate it.'-is F+SF seen as ba5pressure?ou ill never et M6M@'M, but not GACKR@[email protected] is t-e R@AC'+6 o t-e momentum, or @"A'+>@ "AS +@R'+A.

• Batteries, testing health of

!-at t-e testers &o is measure t-e voltae un&er a small loa&. A *lea& a5i&/ battery it- *some or more/

5-are an& not ill ill -ave a very lo internal resistan5e so t-e 5urrent t-rou- a resistor, resistan5e Rill be+N>(R. + t-e battery is ill *or &is5-are&/, internal resistan5e ill be -i-er *C-emi5al bit; less ions to5arry t-e 5-are or t-e 5urrent/ so t-e value or t-e 5urrent ill be loer *An& t-e voltae at t-eterminals ill be loer as ell/. + t-e battery is rea&in 10> *or loer/ unloa&e& t-en it:s liely t-at t-e plates in one*or more/ o t-e 5ells -ave arpe& an& s-orte& out t-e 5ell *ea5- 5ell is #>/. + t-e battery is rea&in 0>,t-en somet-in -as one open 5ir5uit some-ere.

4



• Bore#Stroke ratios, and o$er%ore si&es

Common bores;

55 bore stoe bore(stroe

848 #.94 8.#% 9#998 4.%9 $.# 8%1098 4.%9 83.$# $$1#$% $0.1 81.#8 8$1#93 $1.# 81.#8 8$.%1310 $1. 81.#8 881330 *1340/ $#.14 81.#4 88.$

Some more ratios;

55 Gore(Stroe

99$ $$9$0 11410$1103138090 $3.%mm bore140091 $4mm bore14308$ no orse t-an a sto5 1#$%144%88

Here are some 5ommon 1#$%55 overbores an& t-eir respe5tive enine 5apa5ities;

7#0 is 1#9355

730 is 130355740 is 13105570 is 133055 *or usually 5alle& 134055/$3.%mm is 138055$4mm is 140055

143055 is usually 138055 t-at is stroe& or tri5)bore& *move t-e bore 5entres outar&s/, but by usin bot- te5-niLues it:s possible to et 10055.

• Boost Modulator, !hat is it(

A t-e aste ate is set at a ee&y 4psi *is-/ t-e mo&ulator pulses *+ t-in/ to blee& o some o t-e boost to 5on t-e aste ate into t-inin t-e boost is loer t-an it really is so t-e aste ate &oesn:topen. '-e tri5 -ere is t-at t-e mo&ulator is use& at H+"H revs to allo more boost *ee5tively about$.%psi + t-in/ an& t-ereore more pea poer. '-e loer boost in t-e mi&rane re&u5es pea torLue,t-us preventin t-e enine rom tearin t-e earbo to bits. '-ey ante& t-e :bo to last as lon as itoul& in a sto5 M" Metro, t-ey ere not entirely su55essul. S5rap Metro turbos usually 5ome it-s5rap earboes. '-at is -o + remember it, 5oul& be ron.+ +:m not ron t-en &umpin t-e mo&ulator oul& mean you -a& @SS boost at t-e top en& t-usivin you less pea poer, but t-e same pea torLue.

5



<on:t tae t-is as ospel, rea& <>.6-, an& as or t-e -i- 5ompression ratio, t-is as to mae t-e enine more responsive an& moree5onomi5al aroun& ton. '-e problem t-is 5auses is t-at t-e set)up is very 5lose to no5in at -i-revs, any tunin oul& tae youover t-e e&e. <> suests eit-er loerin t-e CR. *epensive/ or buil&in a ru&imentary aterinJe5tion system *soun&s lie un/ to over5ome t-is.

• Brake discs, history for )*

'-e Mini #% as t-e irst to o to t-e 8.4B &is5s. Mayairs t-at ere ma&e rom 2anuary 198% *late Gre/onar&s -a& 8.4B &is5s itte&. Gy late 198% *C re/ all minis -a& t-em.+ -ave a 1984 mayair *G re/, -i5- -a& &rums. +:ve seen many ot-er G reMayairs it- sunroo, &is5s an& rev 5ounter.Servos ere itte& as stan&ar& in 1989 */.

• Brake disc, pad change

6ne t-in to remember is to open t-e blee&er so t-e &irty 5ontaminate&lui& oes 6' instea& o oin ba5 up t-e brae lines, or you ill berebuil&in brae masters sooner t-an later?

• Brake fade

Stan&ar& 8.4 in5- &iss a&e -en stoppin Q+CK rom 90mp- *emeren5y stop/ t-e last 10mp- is>@R &ii5ult to s-e& o. ittin 4 pot metro braes *soli& &iss/ -i5- -ave bier pa&s so ill taeloner to a&e.

• Brake pad sueel

'-e pa&s are vibratin at -i- reuLuen5y resultin in t-e sLueel. + you applya smear o 5opper rease to t-e GACK on t-e pa& *6' t-e ri5tion sura5e/ t-ent-e sLueel s-oul& o aay. '-e pa&s are probably &ue or repla5ement.

• Brakes, Choices for -. wheels

or 10B -eels t-ere are to main 5-oi5es...t-e epensive route...an& t-e >@Repensive route.'-e irst ay is to it $.%B Cooper S &is5 assemblies. ou s-oul& be able to pi5 up a se5on& -an& set in t-e K or beteen 100 an& #00 Lui&. Mine ere 1#0an& -ave been pretty oo& *not as oo& a 8.4B &is5s, but t-at:s -at you etor runnin 10B -eels/. + -ave itte& roove& &is5s an& ill it ast roa& pa&s soon. $.%B &is5s &o reLuire stron le mus5les, but t-ey &o or ell i you pus- -ar&. ou 5an use 8.4B assembly -ubs, &rives-ats an& C>:s. +t isoten 5-eaper to buy t-e S 5alipers se5on& -an&, ne &is5s(lanes an& an ol&

6



not as oo& t-e tin lea&in s-oe &rums. +n a5t +:m tol& t-eyt-ey are ar orse but t-ey are also rare. '-ese use& a $B rotor an& #.1#0B pa&s.'-e net eneration Cooper &is braes use& t-e same si=e rotor but a &ierent 5aliper it- a #.33%B i&e pa&. '-ey seem to be t-e eLuivalent or maybe Just sli-tly better t-an t-e tinlea&in s-oe braes.'-ey ten& to be liste& as 99$ 5ooper an& 998 5ooper, but + &on:t t-in t-e 5-aneover 5ame at ea5tly t-at time, -oever some sour5es saysome 99$s -a& t-e later braes ot-er sour5es say early 998 -a& t-eearlier type.'-e real problem asn:t t-e pa&s t-ou- *or t-e 5alipers -i5- arealso &ierent/. +t as t-e t-i5ness o t-e &is, t-e 5ooper &issa&e& ba&ly &ue to t-eir inability to &isipate -eat ee5tively. t-e:S: type &iss are not only larer t-ey are t-i5er as ell.+ you -ave 1#B -eels t-e 5-eapest ay to upra&e t-e braes isto et t-e 8.4B braes. '-ey seem to be Luite plentiul an& 5-eap

in t-e K an& t-ey:re even 5-eaper t-an :S: braes in t-e S -eret-ey ere never oi5ially importe&.

• Brakes, 1itting Metro discs to Mini

!-en ittin Metro &is5 assemblies, it is important to mae sure t-at you use t-e 5orre5t parts.Metro bits to use;) <is5s) Hubs) C>:s

) CalipersMini parts to use;) <rive s-ats *t-e metro ones are loner?/) Sivel *ball)/ Joints.) Steerin arms *t-e metro ones ive ba& -an&lin &ue to in5orre5t Araman anles *see un&er :A:/'-e -eel mountin lus also nee& 5uttin o.

Graes, improvin :S: &is5s

Guy to sets o pa&s, stan&ar& an& -i-)temp. ut t-e stan&ar& pa&s on t-e inboar& si&e o t-e &is5s, -ere t-ere is more airlo. utt-e -i-)temp pa&s on t-e outboar& si&e *i(s t-e -eel/, -ere t-ere isless airlo. Gest o bot- orl&s ) 5ol& stoppin poer is preserve&, an&you still -ave braes ater t-e stan&ar& pa&s rea5- -eat)a&e temperatures.

8



'-e &is5 brae is open to t-e surroun&in air, so -eat is &isipate& ar Lui5er. >entilate& &is5s alloeven more air to t-e sura5e o t-e &is5 to 5ool it even Lui5er. '-e amount o spa5e aroun& t-e &is5&etermines -o mu5- 5oolin air lo t-ere is, so bi &is5s en5lose& in small 5-uny -eels &on:t et alot o air ) larer -eels, more :open: alloys an& even air :s5oops: -elp to in5rease t-e air lo.Separate to t-e a&e issue, t-e ei5ien5y o t-e brae &epen&s on t-e pressure applie& to t-e pa& by t-e:pot: *ie t-e piston/ on t-e 5aliper. More, or larer, 5alipers mean more pressure on t-e pa&, -en5e more brain eort *but more nee& to 5ool t-e braes/.'-ere are t-ree si=es o &is5s t-at 5an be itte& to Minis. $B ere itte& to early 5oopers, it- 10B-eels, $.%B itte& to later 5oopers, t-en 8.4B &is5s -i5- ere itte& to all Minis *it- 1#B(13B -eels/sin5e about 1984*/.+ you eep your 10B -eels, you 5an use t-e $B or $.%B &is5s, but t-e $B are very -ar& to et -ol& o,an& aren:t t-at reat at stoppin you anyay. $.%B are easier to et, but still epensive */. ou 5an onlyuse 8.4B &is5s i you use 1# or 13B -eels. but t-ey:re 5-eaper an& easier to et be5ause t-ey ere use&on Metros.'-e stan&ar& 5alipers -ave to pots a5tin on t-e &is5, one on ea5- si&e.'-e ultimate in brain *or Mini:s at least/ is t-e set)up use& on t-e Metro M" 'urbo. '-is -as 8.4B */ventilate& &is5s, it- 4)pot 5alipers. '-e &is5s 5an be ma5-ine& &on to it ot-er -eels, but you:& t-en

nee& &ierent 5alipers su5- as t-ose pro&u5e& by Mini Sport *in a rane o o aster ano&ise& alloy5olours?/. Alternatively, + t-in */ you 5an buy various si=es o vente& &is5s, it-out -avin to ma5-ineMetro ones.Here:s -at + &on:t no, 5an anyone else -elp!-at is t-e a&vantae o movin to bier -eels, ot-er t-an t-ose above+ 1#B -eels are better, -y are t-ere 1#B to 10B 5onversion sets available!-at else is nee&e& apart rom t-e &is5s an& 5alipers to 5omplete t-e Job'-ere are its available or &rum to stan&ar& &is5 5onversions, or or stan&ar& &is5 to 4)pot vente&5onversions. Are t-ere any t-at 5onvert &rums to 4)pot vente&, it-out buyin bot- its an& astinsome bits, or -avin to no an& buy all t-e bits in&ivi&ually

Graes, pra&in Metro &is5s to "roove& ( Cross)&rille& <is5s

+ you &o not ma5-ine o t-e little lanes sti5in out o t-e ront o t-e metro &rive lanes.....*i/ your -eels mi-t not it*ii/ i you &o not 5-e5 -en ittin t-e &rive lane over t-e en& o t-e &rives-at t-at t-e -ole t-ru: t-een& o t-e s-at is pointin aay rom t-ese lanes an& t-e -eel stu&s, insertion o t-e split pin ill beimpossible(very &ii5ultnless you -ave someone stan&in on t-e brae pe&al t-e only ay to et t-e &rives-at nut &one)up orun&one is by tain t-e 5entre 5ap out o t-e -eel) it t-e -eel it- one nut, loer it &on an& use alon so5et to et at t-e nut t-ru t-e -ole in t-e -eel?!-en usin t-e above met-o& it is &ii5ult to see i t-e nut an& t-e -ole in t-e en& o t-e &rives-at areline& up) mar a line on t-e en& o t-e s-at to s-o t-is or 5ut a little not5- a5ross t-e en& o t-e s-atso it ill be t-ere or net time.Remember -en ti-tenin t-e nut up t-ere is a 5-an5e t-e split 5ollar ill lo5 on t-e &rives-at beoret-e bearin -as been properly 5lampe& up beteen C> an& &rive lane, ollo t-e instru5tions in t-e

10



supplement in t-e mini -aynes manual to mae a spa5er t-at you 5an use to 5ompress t-e assembly beore you it t-e split 5ollar) i you &on:t use t-is as-er t-ere is a 5-an5e t-e bearin mi-t loosen(ail prematurelyMetro &rive s-at nuts are ti-tene& to 10lb(t unlie mini "' ones at 1%0lb(t G' by t-e time you-ave straine& an& runte& to et t-e nut roun& so t-e -ole is a55essible you mi-t -ave pulle& #00lb(t<6:' use your 1%0lb(t torLue ren5- to pull t-e nut roun& to line up t-e -ole S@ A 6" ARM )it is obvious t-e torLue ill -ave been e5ee&e& an& to try to &o t-is it- your torLue ren5- mi-tren&er it Bna5ere&BSteps or removal Ja5 up -eel, remove roa& -eel, put 5ar in ear, remove split pin, *repla5e roa&-eel *it- 5entre 5apremove& an& 1 nut P loer Ja5/ 6R *et assistant to put oot on brae/, sla5en &rives-at nut *t-en Ja5 up an& remove roa& -eel i ne5essary/ an& &rive lane nuts remove nuts remove 5aliper removelane an& &is5Steps or repla5ementit &is5 to &rive lane torLue up lane nuts to 38 lb(t, it assembly on -ub, *line -ole in &rive s-at5lear o -eel stu&s an& proJe5tin lanes/ it spa5er as-er an& &rives-at nut *&o up to maimumti-tness you 5an &o by -an&/, *it 5aliper an& 5aliper nuts apply brae/ 6R *it roa&-eel it- one nut

an& loer 5ar/, torLue &rives-at nut to 1%0lb t *t-en sla5en P remove as-er, repla5e it- split 5ollarrepla5e nut/ 6R i -eel met-o& use& 2S' *only Just/ sla5en nut, Ja5 up, remove roa& -eel an&t-en remove nut an& as-er repla5e split 5ollar an& nut.Repeat above tas *-eel on or brae on/ it- split 5ollar in pla5e o as-er torLin up to 1%0 'H@usin a lon bar turn t-e nut until t-e -ole in t-e en& o t-e s-at an& t-e 5ron nut slot line up) it split pin repla5e roa& -eel an& roa& test 5-e5in or play in t-e -eel bearin ater a mile or so @>@R -ave a 5aliper not on a &is5 -en pressin t-e brae t-e pistons ill &rop out? <o one si&e at atime roa&test ater bot- are &one?+ vibration is elt t-rou- t-e pe&al on brain t-e &rive lane nuts may be remove& an& t-e &is5rotate& by 90 &erees an& t-e bolts repla5e& t-is 5an improve &is5 run)out *si&e to si&e obble/ repeaton t-e si&e in Luestion up to 3 times *90)180)#$0/ to try to re&u5e t-e run out .

on pe&al travel t-en a irm brae 5an be 5ause& by a loose &rive lane or bearin pus-in t-e 5aliper pistons in as t-e &is5 rotates.

Graes, pra&in Mini 8.4B <is5s to Metro 4)pot Assemblies

Keep t-e 1#B -eel mini -ubs use t-e metro &rive lanes &is5s an& 5alipers, you nee& an a&aptor it to5onvert t-e tin pipe 5alipers to sinle pipe mini system. Guy t-e 5onversion it orm minispares so lonas t-ey tell you -at 5-anes are nee&e& to re)balan5e t-e brain system *+ 5-ane& t-e rear 5ylin&ersto mini 1000 ones rom t-e better 1#$%t ones G' <6 6' <6 A'H+" !+'H6' "@''+"@<CA'@< A<>+C@/ M++SAR@S use& to -ave a s-eet to -elp you 5-ane over.

11



))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

C

Cams-at en&loat

'-e Haynes manual says ;Bo reit t-e 5ams-at lo5atin plate an& ti-ten t-e t-ree retainin bolts. C-e5 t-e 5ams-at en&loat,reerrin to t-e iures iven in t-e spe5ii5ations.B

'-is is ron. ou must it t-e 5am spro5et beore measurin t-e en& loat. '-at soun&s lie 5-e5int-e loat beteen t-e 5ams-at lane an& t-e lo5 plate.

'-e 5amear sets t-e en&loat, not t-e lo5 plate??

Cam timin

Measure t-e &erees *6 'H@ CRAK/ beteen to i&enti5al inlet lit points on t-e rise an& all. Halit an& t-at:s t-e &erees A'<C t-at t-e inlet rea5-es ma lit. '-is is non as t-e obe Centre Anle*CA/ an& is usually aroun& 100)1#0 &erees. Most Kent 5ams are 10:. M" Metro 5am is O11#:. + t-e5am is time& to t-is iure it is sai& to be :strai-t up:. S6M@ 5ams beniit rom a &eviation rom t-eCA. Kent #)#9 5ams ain a little etra -p at -i-er revs by a&van5in t-e 5am by a e &erees tosay 103: A'<C. sually ea5- toot- on t-e 5am spro5et is 4: as seen by t-e 5ran. All 5am timin*A'<C, GG<C et5 reers to CRAK timin/. !-en measurin t-e to lit points turn t-e 5am5lo5ise an& anti5lo5ise. 'appet ri5tion 5an ive &ierent results ea5- ay.

Cam timin, a&van5in Kent 5ams *#$,#8,et5/

Kent 5ams are :strai-t)up: at 10:. '-is is t-e obe Centre Anle *CA/ an& is

12



t-e anle beteen lob 5entrelines, an& is more easily remembere& as t-e &ereesater '<C t-at t-e inlet rea5-es ull lit.

>i=ar& says t-e poer 5urve is in5rease& an& s-ite& up toar&s t-e top en& i t-e 5am is a&van5e& by up to 4:.

+ run my #$ it- 3: a&van5e an& it s-its lie -ell *but + -aven:t trie& it at0:, so -o nos?/

G 5ams *e;M" Metro/ -ave an CA *strai-t)up/ o about 11#:.

'-ese &o beniit rom 1 or #: a&van5e, but not mu5- more t-an t-at.

Castor anle, on stan&ar& minis

Many eel t-e stan&ar& mini setup -as too mu5- 5astor anle. '-e steerin is too -eavy roun& AS'* %0mp-7/ 5orners.

Clut5- -ose, ittin brai&e& type

ittin brai&e& -ose or t-e 5lut5-.

Seeme& a simple enou- Job, but still manae& to 5ost me more time t-an+:& -ave lie&. irst o all + remove& t-e ie& pipe rom t-e master5yl. to t-e bul-ea& ittin. '-en + sla5ene& o t-e union in t-e slave5yl. an& un&i& t-e bul-ea& union ) t-is reLuires a spanner to -ol& t-eunion at t-e bottom an& a 1B so5et on t-e nut -ol&in t-e union on t-e bra5et. *Keep t-e star as-ers ) t-e ne -ose 5omes supplie& it-out/'-e union 5an no be uns5ree& rom t-e slave 5yl. As tra&ition oul&-ave it, reittin is t-e reverse... et5. Remember to ully ti-ten t-eunion on t-e slave 5yl. irst, t-en i t-e bul-ea& union *5areul notto tist t-e -ose/ an& inally t-e ie& pipe.

'o blee& t-e system, + re5ommen& t-at you un&o t-e enine tie)bar at t-e blo5 an& sin it out o t-e ay. '-is ay it:ll be easier to et aspanner on t-e blee& s5re. '-is nee&s to be a airly t-in spanner ) 11mmor eLuivalent ) to alo t-e blee& -ose to be ie&. '-e pro5ess o

13



blee&in is t-en airly strai-t orar&. + oul&, -oever, suest t-eolloinI it is airly tri5y to et all t-e air remove&, so inally,5lose t-e blee& s5re an& &epress t-e 5lut5- pe&al ully, an& i it int-is postion or several -ours. *+n my 5ase + let it overni-t/ '-isill allo any remainin air to es5ape. *<on:t as me -o ) + &on:t no, but + oul& spe5ulate it seeps out past seals et5. Ater all, t-e systemis lui&)ti-t, but not ne5essarily as)ti-t/

'-e same met-o& o blee&in ill also or or braes.

o remember to reit t-e enine stea&y *an& 5oil ) it as stoppin youettin t-e so5et onto t-e stea&y ) asn:t it/ an& et t-at 5ol& beerrom t-e ri&e?

Clut5- problems ) Gite point too lo(-i-

!ell, t-e purpose o t-e 5lut5- levers et5 is to move an& &isenae t-e 5lut5- rom it:s :normally)enae&: state...t-ereore...A :oo&: 5lut5- ill release near t-e top o t-e pe&al travel *ie; only pus- &on a little/.A poor 5lut5- ill nee& lots o travel to &isenae. '-is 5an be 5ause& by a e t-ins, -ere are some ot-e avourites;) '-ro)out stop too 5lose to -ousin. As t-e release bearin moves in, t-e t-roout stop limits it:s

travel beore t-e plates -ave &isenae&.) !orn 5lut5- arm *eit-er orn pivot ball, or orn pivot pin/ '-is ill nee& more pe&al travel to&isenae.) !ea &iaram 5entre sprin iners *>erto 5lut5-/ *nee&s more travel to pull pressure plate ori5tion plate/) Slave pus- ro& orn or too s-ort.ou 5an also -ave a :poor: 5lut5- t-at bites '66 -i- 5ausin slipae. '-is is 5ause& by;) !orn ri5tion(pressure plate.) !ea &iap-ram outer *main/ sprin.

Clut5- slave 5ylin&ers

'-e t-rea& or t-e -ose is &ierent on t-e >erto slave, but eit-er 5ylin&er ill or.

14



Clut5-, 'ypes

!-at is t-e &ieren5e beteen >erto an& non verto 5lut5-es

+ -ave Just been t-rou- t-e -at 5lut5- saa or my ne 1310.+n t-e pro5ess + oun& out pretty mu5- everyt-in about mini 5lut5-es.

6<)S'@;'-is 5lut5- as use& rom early 0:s to 198#. +t -as t-e pressure plate on t-eenine si&e o t-e ly-eel, an& t-e &iap-ram sits on t-e outsi&e pullin t-e pressure plate into t-e ly-eel, t-rou- -oles in t-e ly-eel, san&i5-int-e ri5tion plate. '-is type o 5lut5- is Just as oo& as t-e verto, but is preere& by t-e bi)enine& mob sin5e more upra&e& parts are

available(5-eaper. i-tene& ly-eels an& ast ri5tion plates are5ommon(5-eap. '-e ba& t-ins about t-e ol&)style is t-at it &oes ten& to snat5-on *even in stan&ar& orm/.

>@R'6;'-is neer 5lut5- as itte& rom 1983 onar&s -en t-e metro 5ame out. +t as&esine& to be li-ter operatin an& -ave a smoot-er pi5up *sprins in mi&&leo ri5tion plate/. '-e &iap-ram an& pressure plate is all in one an& sits ont-e outer si&e. '-is moves toar&s t-e enine to sLuas- t-e ri5tion plateaainst t-e ly-eel. '-e &iap-ram assembly is more epensive t-at t-eol&)style but sel&om nee&s renein, as it:s very meaty. '-e ol&)style ri5tion

plate is &ire5tly sappable it- a verto plate. M@A+" 6 CA S@ RA'@<6<)S'@ A'@S + A >@R'6. '-e ly-eel -as a lare 5entre -ole, an& it:s t-e&iap-ram t-at sits on t-e 5ran, -en5e it:s easier to remove t-e assembly*still nee& puller/.

or my 1310 *"' blo5(5ran/ + use& a 90 mile verto assembly rom a s5rap99855 A7 an& stu5 a A Ra5in 6l&)style ri5tion plate in it. '-is is -at t-eM" Metro 'urbo &oes.+t ors ine.

Clut5-, >erto intro&u5tion

15



'-e metro starte& o in 1980 it- a non >erto 5lut5- t-en ent to >erto later on in 1983, t-en in 8ent to 5able operate& >erto.

Clut5-, >erto t-ro

'-e verto 5lut5- reLuires a reater t-ro. Hen5e t-e use o a s-orter 5lut5- arm. + you use t-e lon armon a verto it on:t &isenae ully an& you on:t be able to et in some ears?

Cran 5ase ventilation

6n a orn enine 5ombustion as ets past t-e rins. '-is buil&s up pressure in t-e sump, re&u5es poer an& 5auses oil leas. So, e eit t-e as via t-e 5ran5ase breat-ers. '-is is on t-e tappet 5overon a 998 an& timin(transer 5overs on 1#$%. las- people, lie me, also vent t-e ro5er 5over. 'o5omply it- 5ar buil& res t-e &esiners Just e& t-e as ba5 into t-e 5arb to be re)burnt.

@asySo -at:s t-e problem!ell, i you:ve ever looe& insi&e t-e t-roat o a 5arb, you:ll see t-at t-e vent pipe Joins t-e 5arb Just be-in& *on t-e atmosp-ere si&e o/ t-e t-rottle butterly valve.6- no, t-ose 5lever &esiners &i&n:t put t-e vent on t-e enine si&e so t-at t-e as is su5e& in on mava5uum *&e5elleration/, t-ey t-ou-t it oul& be 5lever to sti5 it beore t-e butterly so t-at t-e asets su5e& in -en t-e va5uum Just beore t-e t-rottle valve is reatest...!-en is t-is!ell, it:s -en t-e t-rottle is ully open, but t-e &as-pot piston is Just startin to rise.6r to put it in more eneral terms......it:s -en you loor it???All t-at -orrible unburnable as pourin into your 5arb Just at t-e moment you ant ull poer???MA<???<is5onne5t it? <on:t listen to t-ose G uys? '-ey -ave &esine& ranny:s e5onomi5al runabout...not astreet ra5er?So, i you no -at:s oo& or you, you:ll blo5 t-e pipe on t-e 5arb 6. >ent t-e 5ran 5ase pipeto air, or to a 5at5- tan or somet-in.6bviously t-e &on si&e is t-at t-e pressure insi&e t-e 5ran is no loner :neative: an& you may et asli-t in5rease in oil leaae.+ you:ve ot loa&s o as 5omin out o t-e vents t-en your enine is &yin an& t-e rins are orn.

16



Cran, 5ross)&rillin

'-e mini5ran is not 5ross &rille& as stan&ar& lea&in to potential problems at -i- revs as t-e la5 orestri5tion in t-e oil loin out rom t-e 5entre mains to t-e en&s, lea&s to 5entriual main bearin oilstarvation. Cross&rillin o t-e bi en& oil ays an& t-e blanin o o t-e eistin &rillins puts more oan obsta5le in t-e ay o t-e oils travel so or eten&e& -i- rpm it-out mains ailure 5ross)&rille&5rans are t-e t-in. ormally t-e oil -as a line o si-t trip out rom t-e main bearin oilays out to t-e bi en& oil ay outlet &rillin

Cran &ampers

'-e 5ran &amper is t-e :-eavy: 5ran pulley itte& to all 1#$% enines an& some 998 enines.'-is is basi5ally an iron rin on a rubber inner rin t-at -as it:s mass an& rubber sprin 5onstantsmat5-e& to t-e 1st resonant reLuen5y o t-e 1#$% 5ran. +t 5an5els out t-e resonan5es an& prolons5ran lie.

+ t-in t-is is &one be5ause t-e 5ran -as 5yl #P3 bi en&s on t-e opposite si&e to 5yls 1P4 an& at -i-revs t-is :lonitu&inal: mass imbalan5e 5ouple& it- t-e sprin 5onstant o t-e iron *yes, it ill -ave one/5auses t-e 5ran to vibrate sli-tly. '-is 5annot be solve& by 5ran balan5in, but 5an be solve& by:&ampin: out t-ese -armoni5 vibrations.'-e 1#$% 5ran -as # resonant -armoni5s it-in t-e :usable: reLuen5y rane at %9%0 an& #%0rpm 5-e5 >i=ar&:s 'GAS@D.+ you &on:t use t-e &amper, t-e 5ran may atiue an& brea.998 enines &on:t nee& a &amper as t-e 5ran ei-es less an& t-ereore t-e 1st -armoni5 is beyon& t-eusable rane at 1# rpm or somet-in.'-at is -y t-e 998 enines -ave a :li-t: pulley, an& t-e 1#$%:s a :-eavy: one.uttin t-e -eavy pulley *t-e &amper/ on a 998 on:t &o any -arm, e5ept a&&in to t-e rotationalinertia, but puttin a 998 pulley on a 1#$% is asin or trouble.

Cylin&er -ea& 5astin numbers

17



1#A14% ) 1 3(3#B+n, 8%055(998551#"18% ) 1 1(1B+n, 1B@, #4.55, or 99$ Cooper, its as bi valve -ea& or 8%0 P 9981#"#0# ) 1 %(3#B+n, 1B@, #.155, Austin(Morris 1100, its as bi valve -ea& or 8%0 P 998, but sLuareorme& inlets1#"#0 ) 1 $(3#B+n, @arly M" 11001#"#9% ) 1 $(3#B+n, 99855 Cooper, M" 1100 an& M+++ SpriteA@"1% ) 1 13(3#B+n, 1 $(3#B@, #1.455, Cooper S, 5an be use& instea& o t-e 11 bolte& 1#"940A"13 ) Same as above

rom eperien5e, t-e 1#"#0# orms a very oo& basis or 99855 tunin. Hoever, it nee&s to besimme& &ramati5ally ) D0.00B in or&er to et t-e 5ompression ration up to a suitable iure in t-esmaller &ispla5ement enine. '-ere is a &aner o 5uttin into t-e ro5er oil ee& allery above t-isiure, alt-ou- + -ave reLuently remove& near 0.090B rom t-ere -ea&s. '-ey 5an also be mo&iie& an&itte& it- t-e larer inlet valve to pro&u5e a BpoorB man:s 1#"#9%.

Cylin&er -ea& 5olours an& &etails

1#$% metro ; Re&

Metro 'urbo ; S5ulpte& aroun& tappet 5over an& -eater tap.

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

<

<as-pot 6il, eneral t-eory

'-e main t-eory be-in& &as-pot oil is t-at t-e vis5ousity s-oul& be t-in enou-to let t-e &as-pot rise as Lui5 as possible, but not too t-in as to ive alatspot *temporary leanenin/.

18



'-e enine nee&s a ri5-er miture -en a55eleratin, an& t-e &elay -ilst t-e&as-pot rises ives t-is ri5- boost as t-e air lo over t-e Jet ets aster.

@very 5arb(enine is &ierent, so you 5an:t really say B+ use y= oil, it !+ be reat or you too?B

!ear on t-e pluner is a lare a5tor -ere. + t-e pluner is minutely smaller t-an anot-er, t-en t-e oil ill pass by it easier an& a reletively t-i5er ra&e o oil ill be reLuire&.

+ use 3in1, but sayin t-is, it is t-e t-innest oil + -ave trie&. +:ll try outt-e auto(ol(olive oils an& report ba5.

<as-pot 6il, use o motor5y5le or oil

+ bou-t some Catrol or 6il *+"H'/ t-e ot-er &ay. 3 Lui& in -alor&s.

+:m usin it in t-e &as-pot. +t:s very t-in, so t-e &as-pot rises very Lui5.

Here are my in&ins;

) +t:s t-inner t-an 3in1 or ot-er stu.) +t ives you li-tenin Lui5 t-rottle response an& better a55eleration.) +t -asn:t iven me latspots on loorin it, but may &o i you run lean.) +t elliminates ear)5-ane lat spots 5ause& by t-e &as-pot not allin Lui5 enou-.

'-e only ba& t-in is + no in& mysel strainin to eep a stea&y oot. '-esli-test bumb in t-e roa& maes t-e t-rottle o BrrRRRrrrRrRRrRrB. A bit o a pain or roa& use, but reat on t-e ra5e tra5.

<ierential, +nstallation pro5e&ure

o s-ims ne5essary? +t soun&s very unliely.

19



!-at may -ave -appene& to you is;1./ ot pus-in it over, t-us -avin some sla5 on t-e5lut5- si&e mu5in up your measurements.%./ Gein too Biner ti-tB -ere, t-us not pus-inup t-e let en& 5over enou-.+ you t-en assemble t-e -ole s-eban an& torLue &ont-e 5asin nuts beore t-e en& 5overs, t-e 5asin ill pin5- t-e bearins. '-en as you torLue &on t-e en&5overs, t-ey ill pus- t-e &i an& bearins over tot-e si&e aay rom t-e 5over t-at -as no sla5 aainstt-e bearin. '-e ot-er 5over ill -ave air beteen itan& t-e bearin, but t-ere ill be preloa&. ntil t-e&ierential assembly ets a si&eays or5e t-at over5omet-e pin5-in or5e o t-e 5over t-at is. Su5- or5es may be a result o t-e -eli5al pinion, or your -ammer blo.

6K. All t-at asi&e. +t is FnotF t-is settin t-at maeyour inner lane obble?

'-at is t-e play o t-e 5ylin&re s-ape& part o t-elane in t-e bus-es o t-e en& 5over. <i& you 5-e5 t-is !-at Hines say is to Bit a ne 5overB. *'-an youMr. Haynes? "ot any sto5 in t-e spare parts &ept./'-e play in t-e &ierential ear s-ats in t-e &i 5ae bus-es also ae5t t-e sloppiness o t-e s-ats,alt-ou- t-ey sel&om are very orn &on.

!-at you s-oul& &o is not reinstall parts t-at &oes not-avea oo& it -en you put t-e lane into t-e 5over.Alternatively to rin& &on t-e lane until all ear is taen out, t-en it an& ream a ne bus-es to t-een& 5over. 6ilays must also be 5arve& into t-ese bus-es. 'o my nole&e you 5annot buy t-e nee&e&oversi=e bus-es, an& nee& to mae t-em yoursel.

+ t-e it is sloppy, t-en your inner C>:s ill alsoslop. An& t-e seals ill be let itan impossibletas, so t-ey ill let oil out onto your &riveay.

<ierential &rive ratios

21



See :inal <rive Ratios:.

<ipsti5s

'-e A an& A7 &ipsti5s are &ierent. '-e A7 sits strai-t in t-e blo5 an& A series one sits in a tubet-at sits in t-e blo5.'-e &istan5e rom t-e tip to t-e ma(min marins s-oul& be t-e same, but t-e lent- o sti5 rom t-etip to t-e seal is &ierent.Geare t-at you -ave t-e 5orre5t one or your blo5.

<rive)s-ats

@5ept or t-e earliest &rum braes *:%9):1 / all Mini &rive s-ats areinter5-anable. '-ere are to types o s-at, t-e ol& type t-at use inboar&

pot Joints an& t-e later type t-at &on:t.

<rop ear ratios

ist o &rop ears. '-ere eists ratios o;

1;1.00 *Stan&ar& ratio/1;1.04 1;1.08 T Spe5ial ratios *oten 2a5 Kni-t, et5/1;1.09 (

22



<ump valve, on turbo, eplaination o

'-e 5ompressor &ras air in an& t-e 5ompresse& air is &elivere& t-rou- t-e 5arb. to t-e inlet maniol&.A sensin line rom t-e 5ompressor -ousin a5tuates t-e asteate &iap-ram at a pre&etermine& pressure an& opens t-e asteatevalve*&umpvalve/, t-us re&u5in e-aust as)lo to t-e turbine an&t-ereby 5ontrollin 5ompressor &elivery, A sensin line rom t-e plenum 5-amber is 5onne5te& to t-e@C an& uel pressure reulator valve. At -i- enine revs t-e boost pressure is in5rease& by anele5troni5ally 5ontrolle& solenoi& valve t-at vents air rom t-e sensin line, t-is re&u5in t-e pressure tot-e a5tuator &iap-ram an& t-e turbine pressure is alloe& to in5rease to a maimum,5ontrolle& by t-e &ump valve. '-e uel reulatin valve in5reases t-e uel pressure in proportion to t-e5ompressor pressure.

<ynamo to alternator 5onversion

'-ese are my notes rom an arti5le by Keit- Calver on instru5tions a55or&in to eter Calver.

arts nee&e&; bra5et 1#"10%3 pulley 1#"10%4

an C3$###A belt "CG108#%

1. <is5onne5t battery#. Remove reulator bo rom 5ar, 5areully marin all 5onne5tions.3. Remove &ynamo, et5.4. it alternator, ne bra5et, an& ne belt.%. <ismantle reulator *use Jun reulator i you -ave one/. Remove 5oils an& 5onta5ts. Remove5onne5tions to bla&e terminals.. Sol&er lins beteen terminals A, A1, an& <, 5onne5tin all t-ree.$. Sol&er a lin beteen terminals an& @.8. Re5onne5t loom to 5orre5t terminals)@EC@')5onne5t inition arnin li-t *bron(yello/ toterminal @.9. Conne5t alternator to loom; are ire to lare terminal *output/, an& small ire to small terminal*sensin/.10. Re5onne5t battery

+ + re5all t-ese instru5tions assume use o u5as alternator an& eepin pos*7/ roun&. + you 5onvertto ne*)/ roun&, you nee& to mae sure battery is installe& 5orre5tly an& t-at t-e battery 5onne5tions att-e inition 5oil are 5orre5t.

23



@nine numbers

Glo5 numberin;

Gritis- Mo&el numberin

1st 5-ar ) Mae *Mo&el/A ) Austin, C ) Austin, M ) Morris, K ) Morris, R ) Riley, ! ) !olseley

#n& 5-ar ) A

3r&P4t- 5-ar ) Go&y type#S ) # &oor Saloon

%t- 5-ar ) Series(Mar1 ) M, 1 ) Riley, !olseley, # ) M # ) Riley, !olseley, 4 ) M 1 ) Morris, ) M # ) Morris, $ ) M 1) Austin, G ) M # ) Austin

Australian Mo&el numberin

1st 5-ar ) Country o 6riin

N Australia

#n& 5-ar ) Mae *Mo&el/M ) Morris *Saloon/, K ) Morris *Cooper/, U2G ) Morris >anV

3r& 5-ar ) @nine si=e raneA ) 848(99$(998, " ) 1098(1#$%

4P%t- 5-ar ) Go&y 'ype#S ) # &oor Saloon, U> ) >anV

t- 5-ar ) Series(Mar1 ) Saloon, Cooper, # ) Cooper S M 1, >an M 1, 3 ) Saloon, 4 ) Cooper S M #, >an M

+S' 6 @"+@ MG@RS;

Si=e; 8%055;

8A 8%0 Austin 34H until en.nr. #%0008MG 8%0 Morris until en.nr. #%000

25



8AM 8%0 Austin(Morris sin5e nr. #%0018AH 8%0 Austin(Morris Automati58A2 8%0 Austin(Morris it- 5ran5ase as re5y5lin */8AK same as above, Automati58!R 8%0 !olseley( Riley8AC 8%0 Moe8%H(101 8%0 rom 199 on

Si=e; 99855;

9!R 998 !olseley( Riley MK ++ it-out 5ran5ase as re5y5lin 3H9A< same, but remote ear, 5ran 5ase re5y5lin, 39H9A@ 998 !olseley( Riley MK +++99H()(101 !olseley( Riley, Mini Clubman, Mini 1000 rom 19$0 on it- &is-e& pistons99H($91 Mini 1000 19$4 on it- &is-e& pistons

99H(99$ A7 blo5 rom 1980 on it- lat pistons an& #.9% &i 99H(A9$ A7 it- &is-e& pistons, pre)A7 ears, 3.44 &i an& 1#B -eels

'-e olloin are A7 enines rom 198% on it- t-e unroove& loer main bearins, pistonit- 5ir5lip pin. 4# H

99H(G81 until en.nr. 1#$431 it- 5ir5lip99H(G81 sin5e 1#$43# it-out 5ir5lip99H(C#0 until en.nr. 10%0#3 it- 5ir5lip99H(C#0 sin5e 10%0#4 it-out 5ir5lip99H(99$ sine en. nr. 1#$4## it- #.9 &i

rom 1988 on lea& ree;

4## it- #.9 &i

99H("30(3#(33 41H99H(1%(199H(<81GG10089

Si=e; 110055;

10AM!('a Clubman estate an& Austin 1100 4%H10H$91Clubman 100010"R('a(H M"110010"RG('a(HM"1100( !olseley 110010>('a(H >an&en las 1100

Si=e; 1#$3;

26



1#"('a(H !olseley( Riley( > 1300 it- S)Conro&s1#H$39 1#$%"' it- ele5tri5 uelpump an& &ynamo, %3H1#H380 same it- alternator an& remote ear 1#H389 same as 1#H3$9, but me5-ani5 uel pump1#H390 same as 1#H389, but alternator 1#H$0 same as 1#H380, but ro& ear 5-ane1#H39$ Cooper S MK +++ it- &ynamo, $3H1#H398 Cooper SMK +++ it- alternator 1#H()( 1#$% Allero, Austion 1300, %3H1#H10(3% +nno5enti Cooper it- &uple 5-ain, 4H1#H$19(83# same it- simple 5-ain an& tensioner 1#H83#EH <e 'omaso 1#0 $0H1#H99AM" Metro1#H9%9aa M" Metro 'urbo 93H1#A(#A Cooper 1300 rom 1990 on it-out 5at1#A(#G Cooper 1300 rom 1990 on it- 5at

1#A(#< Cooper 1300 rom 199# on it- inJe5tion, C(R 9.4;1 or 10.1;1

'-e olloin letters are a&&itional to 1#A numbers;

"01 C(R 10.1;1, 3.11 &i, 5atalyst, no oil 5ooler "03 C(R 9.4;1, 3.11 &i, 5atalyst, rom may 199# on"04 C(R 9.4;1, #.$ &i, 5at, ren5- version"0% C(R 9.4;1, automati5, 5at%3 C(R 10.1;1, 3.11 &i, 5at, oil 5ooler $% C(R 9.4;1, 3.11 &i, 5at, inJe5ti

+mmaineD

"H+2

AGC<@ "H+2 KM6 QRS' >!EW

'o submit an arti5le to t-e +M@ please 5li5 H@R@

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

inal &rive ratios

27



So -i5- &i s-oul& you o or

Here is a table -i5- ill -opeully ai& your 5-oi5e;

<i Ratio A55eleration 'yp.Cruisin mp- *4/ Revs at $0mp-

#.$%;1 !ea *1#$%7 only/ 907 3 #.9%;1 oor e5onomy 998 807 O3 3.1;1(3.#;1 Me&ium *oo& 5ompromise/ O$% O3.% 3.44;1 "oo& O$0mp- O4 3.$;1 >ery "oo& O%mp- O4.%

As a rou- ui&e;

C-oose a &i -i5- ives your usual top 5ruisin spee& at your usual top 5ruisin revs. + you &rive at80mp- on motorays an& &on:t lie pullin more t-an 4rpm, t-en a 3.#;1 oul& be best or you.

+ you ant e5onomy an& &o alot o motoray &rivin, use a #.9%;1+ you ant sporty perorman5e, but still o or motoray use 3.44;1+ you &on:t use motorays mu5- an& you ant reat 0)0 use a 3.$;1

inal &rive ratios vs. tyres

See also :Spee&ometer Calibration:

@nine spee& X 0 MH in 4t- ear *1;1 in t-e earbo, no &ropear re&u5tion/

'R@( <+D 4.33 4.#$ 4.13 3.$ 3.% 3.44 3.11 #.9% #.$

1%$010N 10% turns(mile 4%$ 4%0 43% 39$ 38%1 33$ 3#$9 311% #91$14%8#10N 1040 turns(mile 4%0$ 443$ 4#99 391% 3$93 3%8# 3##9 308 #8$#1%01#N 10#0 turns(mile 44#0 43%# 4#1 3840 3$#0 3%13 31$ 3009 #81$1$%%013N 1013 turns(mile 4390 43## 418$ 3814 394 3489 314 #988 #$981%%%13N 9% turns(mile 418# 411$ 3989 333 3%19 33#4 #99$ #84$ #%14%8#1#N 938 turns(mile 40% 400# 38$$ 3%31 34#1 3#31 #913 #$$ #%911%$01#N 938 turns(mile 40% 400# 38$$ 3%31 34#1 3#31 #913 #$$ #%911%%801#N 9#% turns(mile 4008 394$ 38#3 348# 33$4 318 #8$# #$#9 #%%%1$%$01#N 9#% turns(mile 4008 394$ 38#3 348# 33$4 318 #8$# #$#9 #%%%18%013N 9#% turns(mile 4008 394$ 38#3 348# 33$4 318 #8$# #$#9 #%%%19%013N 908 turns(mile 393% 38$4 3$%3 3418 331# 31#8 #8#0 #$9 #%08

29



Miles(-our per 1000 enine RM in 4t- ear, no &ropear re&u5tion

'R@( <+D 4.33 4.#$ 4.13 3.$ 3.% 3.44 3.11 #.9% #.$

1%$010N 10% turns(mile 13.1 13.3 13.$ 1%.1 1%. 1.% 18.3 19.3 #0.14%8#10N 1040 turns(mile 13.3 13.% 14.0 1%.3 1%.8 1.$ 18. 19. #0.91%01#N 10#0 turns(mile 13. 13.8 14.# 1%. 1.1 1$.1 18.9 19.9 #1.31$%%013N 1013 turns(mile 13.$ 13.9 14.3 1%.$ 1.# 1$.# 19.1 #0.1 #1.41%%%13N 9% turns(mile 14.3 14. 1%.0 1.% 1$.0 18.1 #0.0 #1.1 ##.%14%8#1#N 938 turns(mile 14.8 1%.0 1%.% 1$.0 1$.% 18. #0. #1.$ #3.#1%$01#N 938 turns(mile 14.8 1%.0 1%.% 1$.0 1$.% 18. #0. #1.$ #3.#1%%801#N 9#% turns(mile 1%.0 1%.# 1%.$ 1$.# 1$.8 18.8 #0.9 ##.0 #3.%1$%$01#N 9#% turns(mile 1%.0 1%.# 1%.$ 1$.# 1$.8 18.8 #0.9 ##.0 #3.%18%013N 9#% turns(mile 1%.0 1%.# 1%.$ 1$.# 1$.8 18.8 #0.9 ##.0 #3.%19%013N 908 turns(mile 1%.# 1%.% 1.0 1$. 18.1 19.# #1.3 ##.4 #3.9

'-ereore, i you -ave a 3.44 &i an& you ant bier tyres *or t-atsporty loo/ you:ll -ave to slip in a 4.13 &i an& 18% or 19%13 tyres soyou ill -ave t-e same overall earin. 'o t-e ello -o slippe& in t-eAustin Ameri5a lump it-out 5-anin t-e &i, you 5an see rom above -yt-e enine s5reams all t-e time. C-ane your &i or buy a a=illion Yort- o -eels an& tyres.

ooin at t-e above table, + spo=e you 5oul& &ra a 5ouple o ban&s

t-rou- t-e &ata -i5- s-o 5ut)os or a55eptable perorman5e base& onusable H o t-e enine. Any ploner enine 5oul& turn ratios in t-e toplet 5orner... even a poey 8%0 5oul& a55lerate ni5ely, but over on t-e RHsi&e o t-e table it taes a lot o H to turn t-ose ratios.

ire @tinuis-ers, 5olour 5o&es

Re& *buil&in/ is ater, or 5ars it is &ry po&er.Gla5 is C6"reen *5ars an& it5-ens/ is GC *GromoC-loro&iluoromet-ane -alon as t-an removes oyenills you an& t-e o=one layer ) banne& no/Glue is po&er *buil&ins/ + t-in *&on:t see many o t-ese aroun&/"rey is A *ALueous ilm ormin oam/

30



latspots, 5ause& by ea &as-pot sprin

A 5ommon 5ause o latspots is a ea &as-pot sprin. + t-e sprin is too ea t-e piston ill not allenou- -en t-e t-rottle is 5lose& &urin ear 5-anes. !-en t-e poer is re)applie&, t-e piston ill betoo -i- an& t-e air spee& over t-e Jet ill be too slo. '-e miture ill temporarily o lean 5ausin alatspot.

latspots, t-rottle -esitan5y

'-ere are 3 5auses o -esitan5y;

1/ '-e oil in t-e &as-pot is too t-in(missin. '-is 5auses t-e &as-pot pistonto rise too Lui5ly un&er a55eleration an& t-e enine &oesn:t see t-e ri5- boost it nee&s. '-e temporary leanenin ives a momentary loss in poer. '-is

latspot is more apparent -en -ittin t-e t-rottle rom i&le. se a t-i5er &as-pot oil.

#/ '-e &as-pot sprin is too ea or t-e oil is too t-i5. '-is is :ear)5-ane-esitan5y: an& is 5ause& by t-e &as-pot piston not allin enou- &urinear5-anes. !-en you o ba5 on t-e t-rottle t-e piston is too -i- an& t-eas spee& is too slo. '-is lea&s to a temporary leanenin an& loss o poer.se a stroner sprin an&(or t-inner &as-pot oil.

3/ '-ere is a problem it- t-e inition, lie t-e plus are s5umme&(5arbonise&or t-e 5oil only ives oo& spars out -en t-e system voltae ets -i-. Rene plus(lea&s et5.

ri5tion plates

31



See also :Clut5- 'ypes:.

'-e ri5tion plate *or &riven plate/ is t-e 5lut5- plate t-at ets san&i5-e& beteen t-e ly-eel an& pressure plate an& taes up t-e &rive -en t-e 5lut5- pe&al is release&.'-e verto plate -as anti)Ju&&er sprins in t-e mi&&le o it, an& bot- types o plate are inter5-anable.'-e Metro 'urbo uses an uprate& :ol&)style: plate in a stan&ar& >erto 5lut5-. An A Ra5in ri5tion plate is a oo& 5-oi5e or ast)roa& appli5ations. A sinterre& or pa&&le 5lut5- is a ra5e plate an& -as avery on(o operation 5-ara5teristi5. ot oo& or roa& use.

uel inJe5tion, Convertin a 5arb:& mini to 'bi

As promise& -ere:s t-e re5ipe to 5reate an ele5troni5 inJe5tioni=e& mini;ou reLuire;1 unsuspe5tin 5arby mini1 preerable 5omplete but totalle& 'bi mini1 spare M")Metro *or ot-er/ 5am.ots o patien5eSome te5-. nole&e *lie; to astenI turn 5lo5iseI)/+ t-in an or&inary *unlea&e&/ 1#$% enine ill &o ine as ell

+ starte& by tain t-e 'bi apart *+ bou-t it as a *totally bent/ runner/. +:& &one some resear5-, an&oun& out t-e only &ieren5e in enine beteen stan&ar& 'bi an& Cooper 'bi as a -i-er CR on t-eCooper *probably by means o s-orter blo5 an& &ierent pistons *less &eep &is-/, be5ause t-e -ea&s aret-e same/, an& a &ierent 5omputer. Sin5e my oal as a little more t-an t-e stan&ar& %4 Hp, + -a& t-e-ea& simme& to et t-e CR a lttle over t-e Cooper:s *some 10.3 vs 10.1 *9.4 is stan&ar& 'bi/. +t:s also possible to o to a -airier 5am, sin5e t-e M@MS)@C *Mo&ular @nine Manaement System @le5troni5Control nit/ 5an a&apt to BneB 5ir5umstan5es. + opte& or a M")Metro 5amI 1. be5ause + rea& inMinima t-at #%% &e is t-e astest 5am t-at still maes or a B5ivilB enine *+ &o a lot o villae(5ity&rivin/, #. be5ause it sat Jobless on a s-el in t-e arae. + &i&n:t bot-er it- 5-anin t-e olloerssin5e it as a use& 5am *e:ll see i t-is as a oo& planI)/, an& + &i&n:t eel lie separatin t-e blo5 an&:bo. irst + remove& t-e -ea& an& sen& it to t-e ma5-ine s-op to be simme&. '-en + tilte& t-e unit ont-e bell-ousin *usin some oo&en blo5s or support/, an& turne& t-e 5am a e times beore litin itout verti5ally. '-is ma&e sure t-e olloers ere ay up in t-eir bores. '-en + loere& t-e :ne: 5am int-e same ay *on A7 units t-ere:s no loose spi&ers, or ot-er 5reepy 5ralies to tae into a55ount;)/ +tas pre5isely on time, but <> rites t-at t-is 5am ors best i time& in at 10)10$ &e instea& o 110,so t-is + &i&. + put t-e enine toet-er an& ave it a ni5e res- 5oat o re& paint. + ante& to &it5- t-e5at, be5ause + &i&n:t eel lie buyin a ne RC40 rear se5tion -en + -a& a 1 year ol& ManiloCG(RC40 system alrea&y. '-is as one o t-e most 5omple t-ins; t-e oriinal amb&a son& -a& to be retaine&, but in my CG t-ere as no -ole or one to it, on top o t-at or some reason t-e t-rea& ont-e son& is neit-er metri5 nor *but Gos5-: on + uess/. u5ily it- t-e 'bi 5ame a se5tion o

32



maniol& *rom t-e si=e it looe& lie a Rane Rover >8:s?/, rom -i5- t-e 5orre5t nut *still -ol&in ason&/, as roun& out *t-ans 2o-nmar/ an& el&e& to my CG. '-en; -orror? !-en + oere& up t-eCG to t-e enine *still not in 5ar/, t-e son& oule& t-e uel pump blanin plate;)* Ha& to &o t-at allover aain. +t also turne& out t-e intae maniol&:s ater 5oolin pipe oule& t-e 5enter bran5- *-o &oManilo solve t-is/. ou -ave to use it be5ause t-e temp. sensor is in t-e t-rottle bo&y no. + -a& to-eat t-e pipe up really ell an& -a& to ben& it totally to mae it 5lear t-e bran5- *an& t-en oul t-e bul-ea& 5rossmember, so + &i& t-at t-ree times;)/. +n t-e en& it split but + as able to bra=e it. +nretrospe5t it 5oul& -ave been &one it- a little less tistin + t-in. + also applie& some <> tri5s to t-e butterly an& spin&le *slimmin spin&le &on, nie)e&in butterly an& removin butterly s5res: spliten&s/ Ater all t-at + turne& to t-e poor ol& arlane, -o as suspe5tin somet-in by no, sin5e -isenine -a& been remove& an& &roppe& into t-e Mayair to -ave at least one 5ar on t-e roa&. + remove&t-e interior *Just or easy a55es/ in5lu&in oo&en &as- an& sit5-panel *to be repla5e& by % sit5-type/, steerin 5olumn an& pe&albo, -eater, uel tan, 5omplete 5lut5- system, irin loom e5ept t-erear se5tion an& master brae 5ylin&er *7 ront brae pipes, -i5- nee&e& repla5in anyay/. '-en 5amet-e pro5ess o plannin uel line routes, puttin in t-e ne *# se5tion/ loom in t-e enine bay *+ use&some o t-e rear se5tion too, but t-at:s later/. + bou-t metres o rubber uel line an& lai& it outI it asonly Just enou-, sin5e t-ere:s a return line as ell. +t no oes t-rou- t-e :ap: beteen rear seat

upri-t an& rear in panel, t-en t-rou- a &rille& -ole in t-e H 5ompanion bo, alon t-e loor,t-rou- -oles in t-e 5rossmember, upar& alon t-e bul-ea& an& it 5omes t-rou- t-e bul-ea& a bitto t-e ri-t o t-e 5lut5- master 5yl.,rom -ere t-e oriinal pipes lea& to t-e inJe5tor -ousin. earlyt-e same route is olloe& by t-e rear se5tion o t-e 'bi:s irin loom, -i5- is use& only or t-e in)tan)uel pump an& t-e s5reen as-er bottle, -i5- no sits in t-e H 5ompanion bo *eepin it a bitarmer &urin inter, but it:s really noisy?/. '-en + -a& to install t-e ne servo:& brae system, -i5-as airly strai-torar& but involves a ne pe&albo an& a -eavy beam a5ross t-e i&t- o t-e 5ar tooperate t-e Joine& pump(servo *sittin RH on t-e 5rossmember, so t-is &oesn:t apply to RH 5ars/. + use&t-e 'bi:s pipes to 5onne5t it all *t-e lo5ation o t-e brae limiter is sli-tly &ierent, so no strai-t sap*later oun& out t-ey:re FnotF 5ompulsory in , but probably ise to use anyay/. inally time to itt-e enine, -i5- as not anymore &ii5ult t-an usual. ittin all t-e ires an& -ooin up all sensors

too me a ull &ay. '-en 5ame t-e bi momentI + turne& t-e ey to ++, t-e @C 5li5e& an& t-e uel pump span. + turne& t-e ey to +++ an& it 5rane&, but t-at as all;)* o uel rom t-e inJe5tor an& nospar. At irst + as arai& + -a& ma&e a ba& 5onne5tion an& blon t-e @C, but t-at &i&n:t seem t-e5ase, be5ause -en + too t-e ey out, it ma&e anot-er 5li5in noise *-i5- 2o-nmar tol& me it assuppose& to &o/. So + tore out t-e inJe5tor, t-inin it mi-t be blo5e&, but t-at asn:t it. +n t-e en& + p-one& t-e &ealer. He tol& me to 5-e5 i t-e ly-eel '<C sensor re5eive& sinals. +t t-en starte& to&an on me t-at + 5oul& -ave itte& t-e ron ly-eel. + ran to t-e arae an& in t-e 5orner it sat,avin it:s relu5tor rin at meI)/. Ater + itte& it t-e net &ay t-e enine burst into lie on t-e t-ir&stroe;)/. 'o t-e &eli-t o various nei-bours + too it aroun& t-e blo5 it-out t-e RC40 to 5elebrate.+ as imme&iately punis-e& -en my H rear -eel overtoo me;)T. + as only &oin 10 Mp- or so, soapart rom a &amae& *but easely repairable/ rear -eelar5- no -arm as &one. et on t-e list as t-e-eater. e minis use bier &iam. pipes an& t-ey sit on t-e ot-er si&e o t-e -eater. Anot-er t-in ast-at t-e ne brae system 5overe& up all t-e -oles in t-e 5rossmember. +n t-e en& + remove& t-e bul-ea& blanin plate an& &rille& to -oles in t-at, Just lare enou- to put a -ose 5onne5tor t-rou-.'-e only problem no is t-at t-e -eater mountin points on t-e bul-ea& seem to be useless, be5auset-e brae)bar is in t-e ay. +:m still looin or a better solution t-an t-e 5urrent ele5tri5ity ire;)/ !-ile+ -a& t-e -ole t-in apart + itte& t-e ne oo&rain ioneer %400 ra&io, -i5- loos reatI it mat5-est-e &as- rain very ell an& it soun&s brilliant;)/. '-e 5ar is a lot Luieter no *-en stereo o;)/, be5ause + also itte& t-e more etensive 'bi soun& &ea&enin material. +:ve no &riven it or some $0miles an& t-e @C is a&Justin Luite ell. At irst it oul& stall -en + too my oot o t-e lou& pe&al, but it no -appily i&les at some 8%0 revs. '-e plus -ave a -ealt-y 5olor an& it pulls lie a train rom

33



#000 RM *probably &ue to t-e M" 5am/. At 0 Mp- t-ere still seems to be enou- poer let, but +:lltry t-at on5e it:s all a bit settle&. Grain is reat tooI +:ll never o ba5 to non)servo no;)/ +:ll try an& persua&e 2o-nmar to see -i5- one:s aster. +t also apears to be e5onomi5, be5ause in $0 miles, t-e uelaue is no Just belo t-e top mar;)/ +n all + t-in it as a su55esul operation, but it reLuires plentyo time *+ too my time; # mont-s, in o&& -ours an& a number o ull &ays/ to &o properly *an& you stillill it t-e ron ly-eel or orse;)* + t-an 2o-nmar Mul&er or -is -Flp an& len&in me Manuel:slatest e&ition *-i5- bt, apart rom t-e ne ele5troni5 se5tion, is a real step in t-e ron &ire5tion *noearbo se5tion, no timin 5-arts *or ol&er enines/, not even -o to remove t-e ront subramemountins?, an& a lot o B-en t-is problem o55urs, reer to your &ealerB/, so et an ol& one -ile you5an?/. Alt-ou- it as a bit lon + -ope you enJoye& t-e rea& an& are not too &is5ourae& to -ave a oas ell;)/

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

"

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

H

Heate& +nlet Maniol&s

'-e eneral rule it- -eate& inlets is;

) <on:t -eat t-em. A 5ool inlet 5-are is &enser an& ives more poer.

) Heat t-em only in t-e &ept-s o inter -en t-e 5arb may i5e up, an& use t-e-eater -ose. ull t-e -ose o t-e -eater tap an& 5onnet to t-e inlet. '-enrun a ne -ose ba5 over roun& to t-e -eater tap. ou:ll be usin t-e -eater ininter?

34



Heater 5able, mo&ii5ations or servo:& minis

Mo&iyin t-e -eater 5able on brae servo assiste& Minis, 1989 on;

+ t-e -eater on t-ese Minis &oesn:t et -ot enou- *or &oes not ive 5ool air/, 5-e5 t-e5onne5tion on t-e -eater valve in t-e enine bay. '-e 5able is only -ooe& in t-e valve, soit is not possibility to a&Just t-e travel o t-e valve as on t-e ol& Minis.

'-e valve lever travels a &istan5e o about #8mm. Gut sometimes t-e 5able &oes not mae t-esame movement. '-e only ay to &o an a&Justment, is to measure t-e amount t-e 5able moves.et:s say, it:s &oin #% millimeters. So t-e &ieren5e is 3mm. Cut t-ose 3 mm *better 4/ rom t-eouter 5able.

+n t-is ay you -ave in5rease& t-e travel o t-e 5able.

H+(44 5arb, sour5e

H+ is 1.$%B, H+44 is 44mm...t-ey 5an be 5onsi&ere& t-e same?

Cars t-at use t-e H+(44;

Metro 1300s, M"G v8 "'s, Monteo 1300 198% on, Morrris +tal 1300 P auto, Marina 1.$, # litreS-erpa vans, 440 Metro vans, Metro %$% vans 198# on, Mini Cooper 1990 on, Maestro 1.3 HC, 1.3, 1., 3.4 manual 5-oe 5onversion v 2auars 1984 on, A Austin rin5esses 19$ or $9 on&epen&in on mo&el, Austin Ambassa&ors, Austin Marina SA 19$# on, 1300 Allero 1981 on 1%00:s,19$9 on, 19$#)$4 Austin ##00 an&5rabs.

History o t-e Mini

Mini enters mi&&le ae it- a smile'-irty)ive years ao, t-e orl& o automobiles as s-aen by t-e arrival o t-e GMC Mini. '-ose o us-o ere ol& enou- in 19%9 to re5oni=e a roun&)breaer no -at it as lieI t-ose -o eren:t

35



s-oul& Just 5onsi&er t-at in t-ose &ays a small ront)-eel)&rive automobile it- t-e enine an&transmission mounte& transversely as uniLue. <on:t bot-er tryin to 5ount -o many o to&ay:sautomotive oerins use t-at ormatI you:ll only mae yourselves &i==y. Sui5e it to say t-at t-e Mini*-i5- 5ame beore t-e sirt, by t-e ay/ is t-e only 5ar t-at 5an -ol& a 5an&le to t-e >! Geetle inlonevity an& popular appeal.'-e stronest evi&en5e or t-e Mini:s strent- is t-at it manae& to live t-rou- t-e -ole o t-e Gritis-eylan& era. !-ile G as illin not only in&ivi&ual 5ars but entire marLues lie M", 'riump-, Rileyan& t-e rest, t-e Mini sol&iere& on, even survivin t-e attentions o G:s so)5alle& BstylistsB -o ave ita a5elit, -i5- &i& or t-e 5ar -at Hannibal e5ter:s mas &i& or Ant-ony Hopins.'-irty)ive years on, t-e 5ar is still -ere, no earin its oriinal 19%9 ront en& aain, an& t-ousan&s oMini ans ere invite& to t-e birt-&ay party, a bas- so bi it -a& to be -el& at Silverstone ra5etra5. 'o5elebrate t-e anniversary, 2o-n Cooper, t-e man -o 5reate& t-e Mini Cooper *an& t-us put more uninto an overall lent- o 10 eet t-an anybo&y ever inten&e&/, announ5e& t-e B"ran& riB Mini Cooper.Cooper is buil&in t-em in t-e arae t-at -as be5ome a s-rine to ent-usiasts, an& t-ey ill be sol&)) probably by t-e time you rea& t-is))to t-e irst 3% 5ustomers to 5ross t-e t-res-ol& bearin a 5-e5 or13,49% poun&s *Y#0,$00/.'-e lu5y buyers ill et a 5ar tune& by Cooper:s on me5-ani5s to pro&u5e 8 -orsepoer *oriinal

Minis ma&e &o it- Just 34/ an& #0 per5ent more torLue t-an a stan&ar& 1994 mo&el. A55eleration, at0)0 in Just un&er 9 se5on&s, an& top spee&, at 10% mp-, aren:t s-atterin by to&ay:s stan&ar&s, but t-isisn:t a 5ar to be measure& by to&ay:s stan&ar&s. '-is is a 5ar to be put amon t-e all)time reats. ou5an 5ompare uvolari an& Mansell, or Gabe Rut- an& Reie 2a5son, only on paper, but you 5an oout an& buy a Mini Cooper "ran& ri))ell, 3% o you 5an.))+an orris

C-e5 out t-e year by year -istory at -ttp;((.mini.5o.u

Hy&rolasti5 Suspension nits

'-is is a *in5omplete / list o t-e unit numbers or &ierent -y&ro units;

R6';

artZ Appli5ation Go&yZ *not ea5t numbers/

#1A14$$Cooper to 830000 #1A1804Cooper to 10#%00 #1A#008Cooper 10#%00 on #1A18$#Cooper :S: to 10#%00 #1A#01#Cooper :S: 10#%00 on

R@AR;

36



artZ Appli5ation Go&yZ *not ea5t numbers/

#1A14$$Cooper to 830000 #1A1804Cooper to 10#%00 #1A#008Cooper 10#%00 on #1A18$4Cooper :S: to 10#%00 #1A#014Cooper :S: 10#%00 on

S@C+A '+";

artZ Appli5ation ront(Rear Colour Gan&

C)#1A193 Rally ront 1 yelloC)#1A1$0% Rally ront or rear1 yello#1A1811Rally ront or rear# oraneC)#1A1819 Ra5e ront 1 re&

C)#1A18#1 Ra5e rear # re&#1A18$#Ra5e ront 1 blue#1A18$4Ra5e rear 1 blue

'-ese part numbers are orm t-e Austin an& Morris Mini Cooper an& Cooper :S: Me5-ani5al Servi5earts Catalo *AK< 3%09/ orm 19%, so t-ey s-oul& be 5orre5t. +t &oes in5lu&e ea5t*/ bo&y numbersor ea5- o t-e units but t-e list oul& be a lot loner....

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

+

+nition, ' reLuen5y

' reLuen5y *H=/ N RM ( 30

+nition, 5oil ele5tri5al properties

37



'ypi5al iures or u5as u5as <G)101 1#v 5oil

rimary *'/;9.39mH11.%$o-m series resistan5e

Se5on&ery *H'/;4$.33H%#.41o-m series resistan5e

+mport Rules or minis into SA

'-e ansers 5an be oun& at t-e sour5e..n-tsa.&ot.ov(5ars(rules(import(>ery -elpul sour5e o inormation?+t says uneLuivo5ally;n&er 49 .S.C. [ 3011#*b/*9/ *ormerly se5tion 108*i/ o t-e A5t/, Bany motor ve-i5le t-at is at least#% years ol&B is not subJe5t to importation restri5tions.

+nsuran5e tips

+nsuran5e tips;

1/ on)spe5ialist 5ompanies are a bit silly an& ten& to put up t-e premium or any maJor mo&. <e5lare you:ve upra&e& your braes an&t-ey:ll probably up your premium? "o it- a spe5ialist.

#/ + you -ave a oo& re5or& *ull CG et5./ t-en mo&s are less lielyto ee5t your premium. 6&& but true.

3/ + you are insure& ully 5omp mo&s are less liely to ae5t your premium. @Lually o&& but eLually true.

4/ An aree& value poli5y is a oo& i&ea *see above/.

38



%/ <on:t 5ras- your 5ar.

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

2

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

+mmaineD

KM6



))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

K

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

ea&e& petrol, ee5ts o

B@e5t o ea&e& petrol in MinisB ) Quote rom t-e May 98 issue o ra5ti5al Classi5s.

39



Suitably teste& uel a&&itives ill be available beore our)star petrolis banne& on 2an 1,#000, a55or&in to a top uel in&ustry s5ientist.

<r Mat >in5ent, an epert on uel an& 5ombustion, -as been appointe& tot-e e&eration o Gritis- Histori5 >e-i5le Clubs uels Committee to testt-e ee5tiveness o petrol a&&itives.

He tol& 5lub &eleates....t-at resear5- is ell un&er ay an& t-at t-euels 5ommittee ill be able to mae re5ommen&ations to oners ell beore t-e #000 lea& ban.

<r >in5ent ill use GMC A)series enines, -i5- are parti5ularly prone tovalve seat re5ession an& t-ereore more at ris t-an most enines.

Resear5- as s-on t-at valve seat re5ession varies &ramati5ally &epen&inon enine type an& use. At loer enine spee&s, &amae is neliible, butat -i-er revs re5ession be5omes a serious problem.

<r > sai& t-at sustaine& -ar& &rivin on some enines 5oul& see a totalloss o valve 5learan5es in less t-an %00 miles.

He also 5onirme& t-at ittin -ar&ene& valve seats is t-e best lon)termsolution to runnin on unlea&e& uel.B *More, but less relevent/

oerin 5ar, by 5uttin &on trumpets

Cut o 1(% o t-e loerin amount on ba5. 1(3 at t-e ront. 'o loer by 1B,5-op 1(%B o rear trumpets, 1(3B o ronts. Ge aare t-at it taes over aee to ully :sa in:.

oere& s-o5s, -en to use

+ loere& by more t-an an in5- t-en use s-ort s-o5s. !-en + loer Gorris by O1.%B at t-e rear -e as-ittin t-e s-o5 en& stops.

40



))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

M

Metro @nine pra&e

!-at problems ill + en5ounter -en + put a 1#$% metro enine into a mini an& -o mu5- ill it 5ost.

Mae sure t-e @nine -asI1/ a -y&rauli5 5lut5-, + you -ave a none >erto 5lut5- on your mini t-en you ill nee& a >erto slave5ylin&er.

#/ a blanin plate -ere t-e -eater valve oes *it maybe ille& in/ou ill nee&I1/An enine??A strai-t metro enine ill 5ost about 130up *rom a s5rappy/An M" metro enine ill 5ost about 1%0up *rom a s5rappy/ an& ill ive you Luite a bit more poer80b-p rat-er t-an $0b-p.6r + you are plannin to et even more poer et an M" Metro 'urbo enine, '-is enine is Luite a bit -eavier an& -as a stroner earbo, stroner 5lut5-, stroner 5ran et5 so i you are plannin torebore or even more poer t-en t-is is t-e enine to loo out or. + you -ave t-e spa5e try an& in& ana5ere& M6' less Metro turbo t-is 5an 5ost as little as 30up??? t-en you et you sel a set o vente&&is(4 pot 5alliper braes as ell?? Gut you ill nee& a st& 1#$% <istributor rom a s5rappy as t-e 'urbo

one is ele5troni5.#/ <on:t even t-in o usin t-e st& e-aust inlet maniol&. Guy a 1#$% stae1 it t-is ill 5ost about1%0up,3/ @! st& ra&iator 40up or an uprate& one 0up*/,4/ An etra enine stea&y, one t-e its to t-e '-ermostat -ousin 30up,%/ e enine mounts, stea&y bus-es *one en& o t-e stea&y s-oul& be polypropylene/ an& uprate&mounts are a oo& i&ea but not essential, 10up,/ A 1#$% top ra&iator -ose an& Ra&iator top mount, bot- o t-ese s-oul& be available rom Any minispe5ialist. 1%up,$/ An enine liter o some &es5ription about #0up or a eeen&,ou ill HA>@ to &o t-e olloin to your ne enine,1/ <rill a e small -oles in t-e t-ermostat, Ge5ause Metros &on:t -ave bypass -oses#/ it a mini t-ermostat -ousin,3/ Remove all metro enine mounts rom t-e 1#$% an& put t-e loer ra&iator mount rom t-e minienine onto t-e metro enine.4/ At least rene t-e &rive s-at seals or even better &ismantle an& rebuil&?? *+ &i&n:t an& t-e enine5-ane& it:s oil every 3 ees/%/ Completely ne inition bits,/ Rene t-e oil ilter,$/ it t-e Ra&iator beore you put t-e 1#$% in t-e 5ar as t-is is a bFstFr& it- t-e enine in.8/ ou -ave to use t-e mini ater pump pulley.

41



9/ ou -ave to :a&Just: t-e 5ran 5ase breat-er lame trap on t-e ra&iator si&e o t-e enine it- a lare-ammer to 5lear t-e ra&iator an.10/ <rill a e small -oles in t-e t-ermostat, Ge5ause Metros &on:t -ave bypass -oses you nee& to restore t-e t-rou- lo o t-e system -en t-et-ermostat is 5lose&. '-e bypass -ose lets ater o ba5 into t-e ater pump rom t-e -ea& t-is is -at t-e -oles t-e t-ermostat &o but t-e ateroes via t-e ra&iator.11/ it a mini t-ermostat -ousin, '-e metro uses &ierent si=e -oses t-ismeans t-at i you use t-e metro one t-e top ra&iator -ose ill not it.

+ you -ave a bit more money let ater all t-at1/ it a -otter 5am??? t-e -ottest t-at is a&vise& to o is #8 t-is is a little lumpy an& 5an be a painaroun& ton *+ -ave been tol&/ + am about to &o t-is it-in t-e net e ees. s-oul& 5ost about%0up#/ Rebore t-e enine to 1380?? it- a #8 t-is s-oul& be oo& or at least 100b-p. unnon 5ost.3/ it -ar&ene& valve seats. +n t-e K lea&e& ill no loner be available rom t-e year #000, ittin-ar&ene& seats ill allo you to run unlea&e& petrol.

Metro arts -i5- 5an be use& on a Mini

@nine, ront &iss(5aliper(&rivelane 5ombination, -an&brae rip, instrument po&, master 5ylin&er,-orn, ra&ius arms *i beam ale&/, 5lut5- parts i non)5able, 5arb, inlet, ra&iator P an *eep -oses/ , oil

inter5ooler *M" metro/, Rear braes, brae limiter, bulbsD, you 5oul& use t-e seats, t-e steerin-eel, in&o in&ers, rear iper motor i you ant to it a 5ustom rear iper, as-er pumps,in&i5ator(iper sit5- assy.

M" Metro, oil inter5ooler

+t &oesn:t matter -o -ot t-e oil is *it-in reason/, it:s t-e vis5osity t-atis important. +t:s ine to -eat it up Lui5, so lon as it &oesn:t t-in out.

'-e inter5ooler ill basi5ally 5on&u5t -eat rom t-e -otter lui& to t-e 5ooler one.

!ater -as a reater SHC t-an ater an& ill reLuire more enery to -eat a litreup by a 5ertain temperature. '-at means t-e oil ill -eat up Lui5er, an& ill

42



t-en transer -eat to t-e ater *-en5e oil :5ooler:/.

M" Metro 'urbo, &ieren5es to M" Metro *non)turbo/

) 'urbo -as loer 5ompression *bier piston &is- volume/) <ierent 5am *s-orter &uration/) C-unier earbo *e; irst motion ear bearin/) +nlet valves smaller ) @-aust valves so&ium 5oole&) Hi-er eare& &i *3.1, as oppose& to 3.#/) Hi-er 5apa5ity oil pump

) 'urbo oil return into ol& me5- uel pump aperture) >erto 5lut5- uses A Ra5in un)sprun *ol&)style/ ri5tion plate

M6!6", -at &oes it stan& or

'-e usual t-ou-ts are M6rris !6rsley "araes, but many believe t-at Moo as an 800lb orillaemploye& by G to ti-ten up t-e ly-eel bolts usin a lare ren5- an& a lent- o s5aol& pole.

:Multispar:, ossible met-o& o operation

'-e ay in -i5- t-ese t-ins or is in& o a tra&e se5ret, but e -a& aMASS+>@ &is5ussion on t-e list a year ao about t-e Multispar t-in.

!e arrive& at t-e 5on5lusion it as ina5t.......a broen H' lea&?

es? +t is a lea& it- a small ap in it. +t 5annot be anyt-in a5tive as it-as no poer ee&, an& personally + &on:t t-in it is a 5apa5itor or anyt-inas $0> oul& mae s-ort or o one o t-ose.

43



!e t-in t-e :ap: 5auses :C: resonan5e o some sort, lea&in to t-e :multi:sparin you see on t-e &emo stan&.Gelieve me, you ant one G+" spar not a loa& o small ones.

My arument oes lie t-is;BConsi&er a 5-il& sinin on a sin. '-is is t-e piston 5y5lin in t-eenine. '-e 5-il&:s el&er brot-er *or bi sis/ is pus-in -er. !-at is t-e bestay to pus- -er on t-e sin "ive -er a bi s-ove ri-t at t-e top ...or rabt-e 5-il& an& s-ae t-e sin aroun& beore 5asually lettin oB

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

ee&le proile, S 5arb, ui&e to t-rottle openin

Here is a rou- ui&e o -ere to ile t-e 5arb nee&le *assumin t-e 5arb t-roat &iameter is suite& to t-eenine 55/;'op *t-i5/ 10 i&le #000rpmMi&&le 30 mi& #000 ) 4000rpm

@n& *t-in/ 0 top en& D4000rpm

'ae 5are -en ilin t-e i&le area. +t is very sensitive. 'o leanen an area, ile t-e rest an& in& t-emiture s5re out sli-tly.

ee&le 5o&es or S 5arbs

Here are a sele5tion o nee&les 5o&es an& t-e ve-i5le spe5s t-at t-ey ere use& in...

@G ) 8%055 an& rebores, 9#055, 1.#%S, 9;1 CR A<@ ) 99855, H+38, Metro inlet, st& ilter, ree lo e-austAG ) 99855, 1#"#9% -ea&, H+)38, Stub Sta5, KP, 3 into 1, RC 40, st& 5amAA ) 110055, 1.%in S, 3into1, -eate& inlet, RC40, KPAAA ) 1#$%55, H+38, 9.%;1CR, 5oni5al ilter G ) 1#$%55, H+44, Stan&ar& Rover Cooper setup

44



G@2 ) 1#$%55, Stan&ar& 1.3 Metro DAAG ) 1#$%55, H+44, CG, Alloy inlet, RC40, KPG<K ) 1#$%, st1G< ) 1#$%55, H+44, 9.$%;1CR, M" inlet, CG, RC40, KP, st& -ea&G< ) 1#$%55 M" Metro stan&ar&G< ) 1#9355, H+44, 1;10, -eate& inlet, CG, KP, stub sta5 G< ) 138055, H+44, 1;10, -eate& inlet, CG, KP, yello sprinG<7 ) 131055, H+44, st# -ea&, #$ 5am, bi bore e-austG<7) 133055, H+44, 11;1CR, M" inlet, CG, RC40, KP, 3$#9, #8G<R ) 138055, H+44, alloy in., CG, KP, stub sta5, #8%, M" Metro -ea&.

:7: &enotes t-at t-e proile as ile& at t-e top en& sli-tly to ri5-en it.

'-e A an& G letters &enote Jet si=e. A or H+38, G or H+44. A ill or in G *ri5-/ but not vi5eversa.

eative 5amber bottom arms

ee& a&Justable tie ro&s to re)sort t-e 5aster anle. Also you:re suppose& to it a plate on top o t-eupper arm beneat- t-e bumpstop to limit t-e bump travel.

itro5arbusisin an& tutri&in

<epen&in on t-e pro5ess, t-e 5ran, et5 is submere& in a liLui& salt *not aCl, an& not &isolve& in H#6/ at some elevate& temp 300 so t-e5-emi5al(p-ysi5al rea5tion taes pla5e. o, + &on:t no t-e 5-emi5al5omposition or t-e a5tual temps involve&, not somet-in to try at -ome,i&&ies.

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

45



6

6il 5o&es *e; #0%0/

Most oils use a 5o&e su5- as 1040.

'-e irst iure is t-e vis5osity ratin at 0:C, t-e :!: stan&s or !inter *&on:t orry, it is Just to seperate t-e iures? sometimes you see 10(40/, an&t-e se5on& number is t-e vis5osity ratin at 100:C.

'-e se5on& number is t-e important one, as t-is is -en t-e enine is -ot.

or a mini enine you ant 40 minimum, preerably %0. *e; >alvoline #0!%0, "'E

1%!%0/

'-e irst number is t-e vis5osity -en 5ol&. +t -elps i t-e oil is t-inner -en 5ol&, so t-at it 5ir5ulates Lui5ly to prote5t t-e parts. or a mini 10,1% or #0 is best.

>is5osity :Ratin: 6' a5tual vis5osity *in 5 et5/

Also non as t-e :"ra&e: o t-e oil *-en5e Multira&e, Hyperra&e names/

All oil re&u5es in vis5osity -en it ets -ot. '-is is a be-aviour o

-y&ro5arbonous mole5ules.

+ you &ra a rap- o temp vs vis5osity t-en various oils ill mae variouslines a5ross t-e rap-.

'-ese lines are t-e ra&es or ratins.

atural oils *e SA@30/ ill sti5 to one line, t-innin out -en -ot, butmo&ern oils -ave t-ose -eli mole5ules a&&e& to try to re&u5e t-e amount t-eoil t-ins out -en -ot, an& mae t-e oil be-ave lie a &ierent natural oil at&ierent temperatures .

ou en& up it-, or eample, an oil -i5- a5ts lie a natural ra&e 1% oil*Luite t-i5 5ol&, very t-in -ot/ -en 5ol& an& a natural %0 ra&e *&ea& t-i5 5ol&, Luite t-i5 -ot/ -en -ot.....-en5e B1%!%0B *pretty t-i5 5ol& A< -ot/

ou 5an:t print t-e vis5osity iure *in Centioise et5/ on t-e oil bottle be5ause it varies it- temperature. ou 5oul& s-o a list o temps, or s-o arap-...

....or Just state t-e 5-ara5teristi5s at 0:C an& 100:C. ...-i5- t-ey &o.

46



ou 5an see t-at a :pere5t: oil oul& -ave t-e same vis5osity -en 5ol& or -ot. '-is oul& be somet-in lie 0!100 oil. '-is isn:t available *yet/, butmo&ern synet-eti5 oils 5ome in 0!0 *e; mobil1/. '-ese are very epensive.

Synet-eti5s are not mu5- oo& in mini enines &ue to t-e s-are& earbo. '-eears mas- up t-e spe5ial 5-ain mole5ules an& t-in out t-e oil.

Synet-eti5s s-oul&n:t be mie& it- mineral oils eit-er.

Many 5-eap #0%0 oils are o poor Luality an& et ar to t-in at -i-temperatures lea&in to poor oil pressure.

'-e eneral avourites or mini oners are Castrol "'E 1%!1%, <u5-ams Q #0!%0,<u5-ams Hyperra&e 1%!%0 or >alvoline Ra5in oil #0!%0.

6il 'ypes

'-e A enine spe5 says to use #0%0 oil.'-e A7 enine spe5 says to use 1040 oil.

+ aree 1030 is too t-in. '-e se5on& value is t-e more important one as t-is

is t-e :-ot: vis5osity. An& your enine is usually -ot -en you &rive it.

ou really ant %0 as t-e #n& value, as t-e earbo is serve& too. Cars it-seperate earboes use 80 or 90 ei-t oil???

'-e best oil to use oul& be somet-in it- a small value inront o t-e :!:*inter/ an& a lare ater. Many mo&ern synet-eti5s -ave t-is *e%%0/ but arevery epensive. '-is oil oul& 5ir5ulate Lui5 -en 5ol& an& maintain vis5osity-en -ot.

6nly use t-ese i you:re eit-er loa&e&, or your mini -as no oil leas*impossible?/.

ersonally + t-in a mini s-oul& use oo& ol& #0%0 lie <u5-ams Q or >alvoline.

6il pressure relei valve, ball(sprin upra&e

47



+ inally ent or t-e oil pressure valve mo&. + re5ently obtaine& aspare valve(sprin et5. rom a s5rap enine, so &e5i&e& it as :sae: to-ave a o.

'-e only ot-er part reLuire& is t-e ball bearin rom a Mini C> Joint*9(1B &ia./ ) t-e same s5rap enine also -a& &rive s-ats atta5-e& I/

'-e tri5iest part o t-e pro5e&ure is s-ortenin t-e sprin. '-e ay +&i& it as to s5ore t-e sprin it- si&e)5utters at t-e point + ante& to5ut it, an& t-en to tist t-e :o5ut: part ) &ue to t-e a5t it isairly -ar&, t-e sprin easily snaps at t-is point. 'o eep t-e sprin ins-ape it -elps i it is -el& on a ormer -ile t-is is &one ) + -appento -ave a lare s5re&river in my tool bo -i5- is Just t-e ri-t&iameter.

+ remove& 11mm o t-e ree lent- o t-e sprin ) appro. 3 5oils, not5ountin t-e 1(# 5oil at t-e en& o t-e sprin. *+ measure& t-e oriinalsprin at $#mm ree lent-, an& t-e 5ut sprin at 1mm./

'-en remove t-e oriinal sprin(pluner, an& ee& t-e ball into t-evalve, olloe& by t-e sprin *un5ut en& onto ball/ an& repla5e t-e 5ap.Run t-e enine an& note t-e oil pressure ) i it:s still too -i-, t-enremove some more o t-e sprin.

My enine no runs at %0 psi. 7() % psi at all revs(temperature? *'-at +

-ave eperien5e& so ar./'-e oil pressure is remarably 5onstant, only risin a little it- revs,alt-ou- it -as a ten&en5y to &ip at a 5ertain rev value *probablyrelate& to t-e resonant reL o t-e sprin/ &urin a55eleration.

'o mae a ully a&Justable relie valve, t-e &ome nut nee&s to be&rille&(tappe& to a55ept a bolt(lo5nut ) t-en t-e bolt 5an a5t on t-esprin *-i5- nee&s to be sli-tly s-orter or t-is appli5ation/ tomo&iy t-e pressure ) t-e lo5nut is t-en ti-tene& to -ol& t-e settin.

6verbores

See :Gore(Stroe Ratios:.

48



))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

+mmaineD

QRS'



))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

it5- Cir5le <iameter, C<

C< is it5- Cir5le <iameter ) essentially t-e &iameter o a 5ir5le -ose 5ir5umeren5e passes t-rou-t-e 5entre o all t-e stu&s.

oer iures, or various spe5s

84 b-p ; 1#9355, M" Metro 5am, Stan&ar& ro5ers, 1#940 -ea&, 10.%;1 CR, H+44, G< nee&le,CG, RC40

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

Q

49



))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

R

Ra&iator bra5et, or 1#$% or Metro

"et a BCooper SB one 6' a B"'B one. '-e "' one ill pus- t-e ra& over aainst t-e inner in.

Ra&ar traps

See :Spee& Camera 6peration:.

Ra&ius arms

"rin&in soun& -en oin roun& SHAR let -an& 5orners. +t:s ort- tain a 5lose loo at t-e ra&iusarm bearins. o play &oesn:t FalaysF mean t-ey:re not na5ere&. +:ve -a& ones -ere t-e bearins-ave orn aay so ba&ly t-at t-e &ebris -ave literally Bba5)ille&B on t-em, en&in up itan o)5entre, semi)sei=e&, but playless s-at. *'-is is normally only t-e result o years o nele5t t-ou-/

Rear subrame mountin bolts

'-e problem it- t-ese bolts is t-at t-e a5tory installe& ones t-at areay too lon. + -ave seen some t-at sti5 out 1 in5- rom t-e 5aptive

50



A..........Au 83 to 2uly 84G..........Au 84 to 2uly 8%C..........Au 8% to 2uly 8<..........Au 8 to 2uly [email protected] 8$ to 2uly 88..........Au 88 to 2uly 89"..........Au 89 to 2uly 90H..........Au 90 to 2uly 912..........Au 91 to 2uly 9#K..........Au 9# to 2uly 93..........Au 93 to 2uly 94M..........Au 94 to 2uly 9% ..........Au 9% to 2uly 9..........Au 9 to 2uly 9$R..........Au 9$ to 2uly 98

S..........Au 98 to 2uly

ote ; 6,W an& + are avoi&e& as t-ese loo too mu5- lie nos. is avoi&e& be5ause it loos lie >. Qas oriinally avoi&e& as it looe& lie a number, but sin5e 84 -as been use& to &enote a 5ar -i5- ase)military, importe&, rebo&ie& or ot-erise not all)ne, or built rom a it o parts, some o -i5-ere not ne at time o irst reister.

ote #. All 5ars up to posti K 5an leally &isplay a B>intaeB rear no. plate *ie silver letters on bla5/.All ot-ers -ave to &isplay t-e bla5 letters on rele5tive yello plate.

Runnin)in pro5e&ure, re5ommen&e&

@nsure t-at t-e oil pump is prime& it- li-t rease or vasaline prior to 5ranin to ive it t-at initialsu5tion."rease t-e 5am an& olloers, mains, t-rusts et5 et5 ell.se a 5-eap:is- li-ter oil or t-e run in *e; Halor&s on bran& 1040/. '-inner oil ill as- t-e 5rapout t-e enine better &urun run in.<6 6' use synet-eti5s or S' et5 as you nee& t-e rins et5 to be& in.Run or about a 30 se5on&s at 1000)#000 rpm varyin. C-e5 everyt-in over. Run or anot-er %minutes at aroun& #000rpm.<rain t-e oil an& rene oil an& ilter. C-e5 or lare 5-uns o metal.Sap to a better me&ium vis5osity oil su5- as Castrol "'E 1%%0.<rive 5areully it- li-t t-rottle an& no more t-an 3000rpm or %00 miles, t-en 5-ane t-e oil an&ilter.Ater 1000 miles use t-e ull rev rane an& a&& in S'(Sli5 %0 et5 to a &e5ent 1%%0 or #0%0 oil.

52



aves boun5in ba5 at it. ormally none boun5e ba5 as t-e roa& is not a5e on to t-e sensor.!-en a 5ar enters t-e s5ene t-e aves boun5e ba5 at t-e sen&er.+ t-e 5ar is movin, t-en t-e :<oppler @e5t: 5auses t-e re5eive& avelent-to stret5-.'-is is -y an approa5-in 5ar(train soun&s lieBvvvvvvvvvvvvrooooooooooooooomB as it oes past. '-e soun& is t-e same to t-e5ar, but is sLuas-e& t-en stret5-e& to t-e onlooer:s ear, as t-e 5ar approa5-es an& t-en oes aay.'-e amount t-e avelent- is :s-ite&: is &ire5tly proportional to t-e ve-i5lesspee&. '-is is -o t-ey tell i you:re spee&in or not, an& t-is triers t-e5amera. o, 99 o 5amera:s -ave -ite ra&uations painte& on t-e roa& si&es too.As a :se5on& oppinion: t-e &istan5e travelle& by t-e 5ar &on t-e marins beore t-e las- ires is anot-er measure o your spee&.A lot o 5ameras tae to s-ots. 6ne as you trier t-e ra&ar, an& one at a settime ater t-at. '-is 5learly s-os t-e &istan5e travelle& in a time, an& t-en

t-ey 5an or out your spee&. e laser 5ameras &ete5t t-e time it taes or a laser beam to be rele5te& ba5 to t-e 5amera. Ra&ar an& li-t are bot- ele5tromaneti5 aves, so t-ey usevery similar prin5iples.Ge5ause t-e transmitte& ra&ar aves &isperse as an epan&in :spere: rom t-etransmitter an& t-en as anot-er sp-ere rom t-e 5ar ba5 aain, t-is :&oubleinverse sLuare: la means t-at you 5an &ete5t a ra&ar trap 4 times urt-er aayt-an it 5an &ete5t you..o 5ourse it- eLually sensitive re5eivers.'-at is -y ra&ar)trap)&ete5tors <6 or.'-e ra&ar ban&s use& are t-e K, Ka an& 2 D ban&s an& are at 10,1 an& #8 "H=D. +R is in t-e or&er o 8%0nm *0.3%'H=/.

Spee& Camera 6peration, aser type

'-is is -o t-ey &o it.'-e laser is ina5t an inra)re& laser, else it may &amae people eyes.+t is pulse& at a -i- reLuen5y, say 1H= or more.'-e beam -its t-e 5ar an& enerates a s5attere& rele5tion. Some o t-isrele5tion is pi5e& up by t-e p-oto)re5eiver also on t-e 5amera unit.'-is is -y t-ey &on:t a5tually nee& to s-ine t-e laser onto a rele5tivesura5e lie mini 5-rome rilles?+nra)re& 5an rele5t o :non)visibly)rele5tive: sura5es too.'-e re5eive& pulses ill be &elaye& by an amount proportional to t-e &istan5et-e 5ar is aay.'-e :time s-it: in t-e re5eive& pulses is t-e &elay.es, li-t &oes travel at li-t spee&, so t-e &elay is small...only a e nano

54



se5on&s, i t-at.'-is is no problem or mo&ern ele5troni5s to &ete5t.As t-e 5ar approa5-es t-e 5amera, t-e &istan5e &e5reases an& -en5e t-e &elay&e5reases too.'-e rate o &elay)&e5rease is proprtional to t-e spee&.Gino?ReLuires a laser &io&e, p-oto)&ete5tor, p-ase)lo5e&)loop an& a e ot-er 5omponents.Cost about 100 Lui& *$0 o t-at is t-e laser &io&e/.Si=e...mat5-bo.+n5e&entally, laser ui&e& missile& or in a similar ay.6ne air5rat s-ines a laser to t-e taret, an& anot-er ires a missile -i5--omes in on t-e rele5tion :5one:.So, i you:re strollin &on t-e roa& an& you see a bi *about %t &iameter/re& 5ir5le on t-e loor, beare, you may be about to be :taen out:.

Spee&ometer Cable Repla5ement

Stan&in at t-e ront o t-e 5ar, lo5ate t-e 5able rom t-e -ere it 5omes out o t-e ireall an& ollo itit- your -an& all t-e ay &on to its mountin on t-e transmission. +ts a simple 1 in5- nurle& nut ont-e 5able t-at most o t-e time 5an be remove& by -an&. ou:re sort o &oin it blin& so Just mae sureyour turnin t-e 5orre5t ay. + use& a mirror to -elp see -at +:m &oin. + it on:t 5ome un&one by

-an& you mi-t try usun 5-annel lo5 plyers. More liely you:ll in& it easier to un&o one -ousin bolt*t-in its $(1B/ an& remove t-e entire pi5up ear assembly. '-en you 5an or on removin t-e 5ableon5e pulle& up to -ere you 5an see it. Mae sure t-e ne 5able is lo5ate& as ar aay as possible romt-e e-aust -ea&ers as -eat is t-eir enemy. ut a tie strap on t-e spee&o en& to prevent t-at en&s nutrom sli&in &on to t-e trans.

Spee&ometer Calibration

See also :inal <rives:.

+ -al remember seein a table it- part numbers an& ratios or alternativespee&o &rive ears. '-is mornin -ile in t-e :rea&in room: + oun& it?Mar5- :98 Mini Ma. 6ne o t-e AQ:s on t-is list is rear&in 5orre5tion

55



o spee&o in&i5ate& spee& ater 5-anin tyres or earbo *&i/ ratio:s. o, t-ere:s no simple anser or t-is 5u= t-ere:s too many variables. +&i& a ee bit o or t-is *Sun&ay/ mornin an& -ere:s -at + oun&;

'R@S *rom an ol& Sumitomo 5ataloue/;

1%$010 N 19.1B &iameter N 10% turns(mile14%8#10 N 19.4B &iameter N 1040 turns(mile1%01# N 19.8B &iameter N 10#0 turns(mile1$%%013 N 19.9B &iameter N 1013 turns(mile1%%%13 N #0.9B &iameter N 9% turns(mile14%8#1# N #1.%B &iameter N 938 turns(mile1%$01# N #1.%B &iameter N 938 turns(mile1%%801# N #1.8B &iameter N 9#% turns(mile1$%$01# N #1.8B &iameter N 9#% turns(mile18%013 N #1.8B &iameter N 9#% turns(mile19%013 N ##.#B &iameter N 908 turns(mile

o, obviously 5-anin to larer rollin &iameter tyres ill S6! <6! t-espee&o rea&in. Here:s anot-er table *+ -ope you 5an sit5- to ie& pit5-ont?/ -i5- s-os -at -appens at t-e spee&o -ea& by 5-anin tyres an&leavin t-e &i ratio 5onstant. 6n top o ea5- 5olumn is t-e &i ratio*t-e most 5ommon ones/ an& un&er is t-e number o turns per mile o t-espee&o 5able;

tyre ( &iD 4.13 3.$ 3.% 3.44 3.01 #.9% #.$1%$010 N 1%41 1403 13%9 1#84 11%$ 1099 10#914%8#10 N 1%1$ 138# 1339 1#4 1140 1083 1014

1%01# N 1488 13%% 1313 1#40 1118 10# 9941$%%013 N 14$8 134 1304 1#31 1110 10%% 98$1%%%13 N 1408 1#8# 1#4# 11$3 10%8 100% 94114%8#1# N 138 1#4 1#0$ 1140 10#8 9$$ 9141%$01# N 138 1#4 1#0$ 1140 10#8 9$$ 9141%%801# N 1349 1##9 1191 11#% 1014 93 90#1$%$01# N 1349 1##9 1191 11#% 1014 93 90#18%013 N 1349 1##9 1191 11#% 1014 93 90#19%013 N 13#% 1#0 119 1104 99% 94% 88%

ote t-at sto5 spee&o -ea&s or 3.$ an& 3.44 &is an& 10B -eels are1408 an& 1#80 '(mile respe5tively, -i5- are pretty 5lose to t-e irstentries above. ou 5an rea& your spee&o ratio ri-t o t-e a5e o t-einstrument. +t:s t-e number Just belo t-e o&ometer in&o.+ you 5-ane &i ratio, t-e above table 5an be rea& ba5ar&s. or eample, i you -ave a sto5 998 Mini *3.44 &i, 14%10 tyres an& 1#80spee&o ratio/ an& sit5- in an Austin Ameri5a lump it-out sit5-in t-e&i rom its 4.13, your spee&o oul& be rea&in 1%1$(1#80N18 too -i-*t-e least o your problems/. A5tually + t-in 4.13;1 is t-e Austin 1100ratio an& 3.% as t-e AA. ot important to t-is &is5ussion *but it oul&eplain t-e presen5e o # sets o 3.% ears un&er t-e ben5-?/.

56



!-at t-e Mini Ma arti5le ma&e me t-in about as i spee&o errors 5oul& be5orre5te& by repla5in t-e spee&o &rive ears. Here:s -at:s available;

ears ratio 5-ane, 1%($ #.143 #4.41($ #.#8 19.31( #.$ %.91$( #.833 0.0 normal ratio or 1980 5ars18(% 3.00 )#$.1

So, as an eample, i all you 5-ane& in your 998(3.44 &i Mini is to moveup to1$%(%0)13 tyres, you 5oul& retain your oriinal spee&o by 5-anin t-espee&o &rive ears to t-e 1( ear set *it-in #/. 6 5ourse, a 998(3.44&rive train oul& loose substantially in t-e perorman5e &epartment sin5et-is boot 5-ane is t-e same as Jumpin &on to a 3.#$;1 &i but t-at:sanot-er &is5ussion.

!-at t-is all means is t-at it- 11 &ierent tyre &iameters, $ &ierent&ierential ratios, % spee&o &rive ear ratios an& -o nos -o manyspee&o -ea& ratios you -ave too many variables to -ave someone tell you-at ill or an& -at ill not. ou -ave to iure it out or yoursel.Here:s -o you &o it;

*-eel turns(mile/ *&i ratio/ *spee&o ear ratio/ N spee&o turns(mile

eamples;F14%10 tyres, 3.44 &i *18(# teet-/, 1$( spee&o ears...1040 #(18 (1$ N 1#4 turns(mile at t-e spee&o -ea&, rea&s 1.# lo

F1$%)%013 tyres, 3.44 &i, 1( spee&o ears...1013 #(18 (1 N 1308 turns(mile at t-e spee&o -ea& rea&s # -i-F1$%)$01# tyres, 3.$ &i, 1#80 spee&o;9#% 4(1$ N 348# ( 1#80 N #.$#, so 1( spee&o &rive ears *#.;1/illive an error o only #.

6 5ourse, 5-anin t-e spee&o &rive ears is an enine)out pro5e&ure, sot-e a5tual useulness o t-is inormation is Luestionable, but it &oes iveyou some options -en &esinin your 5ustom Mini proJe5t.

Staes, o tunin *stae 1, stae #, et5/

57



'-ere is no ea5t &einition to -at ea5tly 5onstitutes a BstaeB but -ere are some ui&elines;

Stae1; ) ree lo air ilter *KP, iper, et5/ ) uprate& nee&le to 5ope it- ot-er 5-anes ) better inlet maniol& ) CG e-aust maniol& ) ree)lo e-aust system

en& result 5an be about 1# more torLue an& #0 more poer. <einately t-e best small)tune you 5an &o, an& t-e best value)or)money tunin upra&e.

Stae#; ) Stae 1

) mo&iie& -ea&, usually + t-in enlare& ports

Stae3; ) Stae # ) -eavily mo&iie& -ea&; as loe&, et5.

Geyon& t-at it ets really un5lear. sually some really ra&i5al-ea& mo&s su5- as reroun& 5-ambers, loe& ports, an& all sortso &ar mai5 perorme& on t-e enine in eneral.

'-ere is o 5ourse a lot o play it- various 5ams in&epen&ently

o t-e BstaeB upra&es.

Stallin, an& revs &roppin too lo

B@very time -en + stop, t-e enine &rops t-e revs really lo &on to #00rpm or so an& t-en sloly5omes ba5 to 800rpm *in 3)4 se5s/. Sometimes it &ies 5ompletely -ot or 5ol&. !-yB

<as-pot oil is too t-i5.

!-at -appens is, -en you lit o t-e t-rottle t-e piston is tain a -ile toall &ue to t-e t-i5 oil *t-i5er -en 5ol&/. '-is means t-e nee&le too ar out o t-e Jet an& t-e air spee& over t-e Jet is very slo, t-is ives a leanmiture, an& t-e revs &rop lo.

As t-e piston alls to it:s 5orre5t level, t-e miture pi5s up an& t-e revs

58



rise aain.

se li-t oil in t-e 5arb, not enine oil. :3in1: oil is popular.

Startin &ii5ulty *+/

C-e5 or sla5 in t-e 5-oe 5able an& t-at t-e enine runs at t-e ri-tAS' +<@ it- t-e t-rottle 5am in line it- t-e ti5 mar on t-e rotatinse5tor 5onne5te& to t-e 5-oe 5able,

C-e5 all t-e t-ins you oul& in t-e inition......., timin, H' lea&s5oil, 5on&enser, &i==y 5ap, points ap as per t-e ors-op manual.... t-e

most &ii5ult enine to start is a 5ol& enine an& ill s-o upeanesses in 5omponants as mu5- as -ar& revvin ill

'-e points ear ra&ually as &o spar plu aps... is it runnin o on5eit -as starte& *t-is is important or isolatin t-e ault/.... &oes itstart better rom -ot t-an 5ol&

<o you -ave a ors-op manual ollo t-e 5-e5s liste& in it an& you mayell improve normal &rivin perorman5e A< startin by in&in t-e ault

Startin &ii5ulty *++/

) C-e5 t-at t-e 5oil -as a oo& supply o 71#v on it:s 7 terminal.) C-e5 t-at )ive 5oil terminal rises an& ails beteen 1#v an& 0v as t-e &i==yrotates. + not t-en t-e &i==y pi5up is not orin, or -as a ba& eart- in t-e&i==y, or t-e ' 5oil is blon. C-e5 ' resistan5e, s-oul& be a e o-ms.) + ' is ine, t-en 5-e5 or H' on 5oil lea& by sti5in a s5re&river in itan& -ol&in it near t-e blo5 it- pliers -ilst 5ranin.) o spar, t-en 5oil(5oil lea& is aput.) + 5oil is o, t-en 5-e5 ea5- lea& in a similar manner.) + lea&s are ba& t-en 5-e5 &i==y 5ap(rotor arm too.) + lea&s are o, sti5 spare plus in t-em an& 5-e5 aain.) + t-ere are no plu spars, 5lean(reap(repla5e.) + plu spars are o, t-en 5-e5 timin an& 5arb.

59



Startin &ii5ulty, 5-e5 battery terminals

C-e5 t-e battery terminals or &irt.

+ t-ey are mu5y t-en startin(5-arin ill be ba&, but Jump startin *5ro55lips onto 5lamps/ ill be o, an& t-is oten lea&s to a oo& battery beint-ron in t-e bin *sorry, taen to you lo5al rein&ly battery re5y5lin pla5e/.

Startin &ii5ulty, use o !<40

'-e amous bi mistae. ou &on:t ant !<40 Finsi&eF t-e 5ap. +t insulatesan& stops spars Jumpin. !-at -appens insi&e t-e &i==y 5ap

2ust &ry it out it- a 5lot-.

Startin, solonoi& 5li5s but starter &oes not turn

+ t-e solonoi& 5li5s, t-en 5-e5;

) battery poer ) battery terminals) solonoi& terminals) starter terminal) enine eart- strap) starter motor -ealt- *e; brus-es/

Some-ere your -eavy &uty 5urrent is not ettin t-rou-.

Steerin ra5, 5-e5in alinment

60



ar t-e ee beast it- t-e ri-t)si&e ront tyre si&eall soli&ly upaainst a erb, so t-e -eels 5an:t be steere& an& -ave somebo&y try toturn t-e -eels it- t-e steerin -eel an& see i t-ere:s any play int-e ra5, ra5)mount, ball)Joints or steerin nu5les. '-en try to seei you 5an sense any play at all by tryin to turn t-e opposite -eel by-an& really -ar&. '-en &o t-e ea5t same test it- t-e let ront tyreaainst a erb on t-at si&e.

oints -ere play mi-t be intro&u5e& are; orn steerin nu5lesI ornor loose *nut not ti-tene& &on an& lo5e&/ ball)JointsI loose ra5 mountsI orn or loose ra5)en&)nu5les *insi&e t-e ra5 boots/I orn or mis)a&Juste& ra5 earsI sloppy subrame mountsI sloppy loer arm pivotsI na5ere& tra5)ro& rubbersI bent alesI loose ale nutsI ba&-eel)bearins.

Steerin ra5 aitor repla5ement tip

"aitors are t-e rubber 5on5ertina 5overins on t-e en& o t-e steerin ra5 tube over t-e ball Joints beteen t-e steerin ra5 an& t-e tra5 ro&s. Count t-e number o turns up t-e tra5 ro& t-e en& is

s5ree& on by A< mar t-e Bvirtual en& stopB it- liLui& paper(snopae in 5ase you oret G@6R@you tae t-e tra5 ro& en& o, repla5ement is t-e reverse o removal.

S &as-pot oil

S <as-pot 6il

'-e main t-eory be-in& &as-pot oil is t-at t-e vis5ousity s-oul& be t-in enou-to let t-e &as-pot rise as Lui5 as possible, but not too t-in as to ive alatspot *temporary leanenin/.

'-e enine nee&s a ri5-er miture -en a55eleratin, an& t-e &elay -ilst t-e&as-pot rises ives t-is ri5- boost as t-e air lo over t-e Jet ets aster.

@very 5arb(enine is &ierent, so you 5an:t really say B+ use y= oil, it !+

61



Gla5 ; 0v roun&"reen ; eative 5oil ' terminal!-ite ; +llumination *si&eli-t 5ir5uit/

'ail -appy

A e possibilities;

Cra5e&, or inse5ure subrame.oose ra&ius arm nut*s/ ... most liely t-e inner one.Gent ra&ius arm .... si&esipe& any erbs lately

'-e 5learan5e isn:t t-at reat at t-e best o times, so i everyt-in 5-e5s out as 6K Ft-inF spa5ers mi-t be t-e solution.

'emperature Sen&er, o5ation on +nJe5tion Coopers

+t:s in t-e bottom o t-e inlet maniol&, -ere it:s almost impossible to rea5-.

'orLue Steer, t-eories or 5auses o

*1/ +t:s be5ause t-e loner one is less sti torsionally. 'orLueapplie& at t-e enine en& is resiste& by t-e torLue at t-e -eel en&, butsu&&en appli5ation o more enine torLue in&s t-e s-at up sli-tly *lie arubber ban&/, &rivin t-e 5ar si&eays.

*#/ Gasi5ally, it is to &o it- t-e &ierent anles t-at t-e &rives-ats maeit- t-e -ori=ontal. !-en t-ey a55elerate, t-ey ain rotational momentum, an&i t-ey are at &ierent anles, t-en t-ere is a net or5e... it is verystrane.

63



'orLue 'ubes

'orLue 'ubes

'orLue tubes in5rease torLue at lo revs &ue to t-e momentum o t-e in5omin as rammin etra5-are into t-e 5ylin&ers. Kin& o lie e-aust as momentum su5in etra 5-are out.

At -i- revs t-e enine is tain t-e air rom t-e tube Lui5er t-an it 5an be repla5e& an& t-e volumetri5ei5ien5y starts to &rop lie on a normal setup.

'ransmission 'ypes

'-ere are t-ree types o 4)spee& manual ear bo transmissions over t-e 39 years o Mini pro&u5tion.All Mini transmissions are mounte& &ire5tly beneat- t-e enine blo5 in pla5e o an oil pan *to savespa5e/, an& s-are t-e oil it- t-e enine.

'-e t-ree types are;

BMai5 an&B aslo non as Bu&&in sti5B'-is is t-e earliest type an& is t-e least &esirable. +t uses a rat-er lon ear sti5 t-at 5ame out rom t-eront o t-e loor boar& un&er t-e -eater. on)syn5o irst ear. <ue to its lent- an& eneral sloppinessit is lie stirrin pu&&in.

Remote C-ane'-ese -ave a -ousin t-at 5onne5ts to t-e trasmission an& 5omes all t-e ay ba5 to about t-e ront ot-e seats. '-e -ousin itsel ill a5tually tae up some o t-e ro5in motion o t-e enine.

Ro& 5-ane'-is is t-e most 5ommon to&ay. Alt-ou- also :remote: in &esin, it is so 5alle& be5ause it uses to ro&st-at 5ome out o t-e ba5 o t-e transmission. +t t-en -as a s-iter bo t-at 5onne5ts t-e ro&s an& t-es-iter -an&le. '-e s-iter)bo is -un on rubber bus-ins un&er t-e 5enter o t-e 5ar as ar ba5 as t-eront o t-e seats. 6ne ro& &oes not move an& is use& to lo5ate an& i t-e lent- rom t-e earbo tot-e s-iter bo. '-e ot-er ro& &oes t-e a5tual s-itin.

>arious ear ratio:s -ave been available larely be5ause t-ere -ave been so many enine poervariations to tae a&vantae o, as ell as &ierent -eel &iameters. S-ort s-it its are available or bot- t-e remote an& ro& 5-ane :boes -i5- provi&e less t-an -al t-e t-ro o t-e stan&ar& eometry but ill reLuire sli-tly more eort to operate. roper reasin is essential to all o t-ese. Sin5e t-e oil iss-are& beteen t-e enine P transmission, proper oil P ilter 5-ane intervals are vital to t-e lonevity

64



o bot-.

+n a&&ition to t-ese, an automati5 as available. :2a5 Kni-t ra5in: mae a %)spee& bo -i5- is t-eultimate alt-ou- rat-er epensive.

'urbo5-arin Mini @nines

'-e @RA 'urbo as a ni5e mini saloon it- smart -eels interior an& &as an& a sey bo&y it an& a1#$% metro turbo enine setup but it- a si&e mounte& ra&iator @E@S+>@ @! an& S@<. Herein t-e K t-e BLui5 an& &irtyB met-o& to mae a mini turbo is to transplant a M" Metro 'urbo eninetransmission an& uel(turbo(e5u setup

into a stan&ar& mini, bul-ea& an& 5oolin(uelin mo&ii5ations are nee&e& but t-e en& result oul& bet-e ra5tion o t-e 5ost o an @RA *but not as ni5e/.

'urbo, mo&s reLuire& or ittin

it a M" Metro 'urbo enine. ou:ll nee& to mo&iy t-e bul -ea&. Cost O100)300 poun&s. Guy an ol&metro an& s5rap it yoursel. ou:ll et t-e &e5ent braes t-en too.

'unin 8%055 Mini @nines

Somebo&y a -ile ba5 ase& about tunin an 8%0 an& most responses seeme& to be to it a bierenine. !-ile + aree t-at i you ant a ast 5ar t-at:s t-e ay to o, i you ant to tune an 8%0 you 5anan& you use essentially t-e same prin5iples as or any motor ) in5rease t-e air lo an& raise t-e5ompression ratio. !it- small bore enines t-ou- you 5an:t Just bolt on -ue inlets an& e-austs as younee& to eep as velo5ity -i-.

!-atever your bu&et + t-in t-e irst pla5e to start is t-e -ea&. !-et-er you use t-e stan&ar& 8%0 -ea&or one rom say a later 100055 or 1100 you nee& to et t-e 5ompression ratio up. Stan&ar& is 8.3;1 +t-in or t-e manual earbo motors. + you 5an et -ol& o BpremiumB uel you s-oul& be looin atCRs o aroun& 10;1 or 11;1. '-is:ll be a5-ieve& by ettin t-e -ea& simme& by a ma5-ine s-op -i5-

65



s-oul&n:t 5ost too mu5-. ou -ave to or out -o mu5- nee&s to 5ome o t-ou- -i5- you 5an &oa55urately by measurin t-e 5apaity o t-e 5ombustion 5-ambers or by a 5ertain amount o 5al5ulationsan& uessor. + you:re sure your -ea&, blo5 an& pistons are stan&ar& it:s Luite simple to or out-o mu5- you 5an tae o t-e -ea& by measurin t-e area o t-e 5-amber part o t-e -ea& an& maina e assumptions. '-e 8%0 inlet ports are really small so you 5an open t-ese up a bit. + you -avea55ess to a &ie rin&er *or t-e 5as- or a ma5-ine s-op/ you 5an &es-rou& t-e valves. '-is involves5uttin metal aay rom t-e pointy bea area but mae sure you 5an still et t-e CR up to -at youant -en you:re &one. + you:ve ot t-e no)-o, eLuipment or 5as- you 5an -ave t-e 5omplete -ea&loe& *or buy a 998 Cooper -ea& an& et it simme&/

et you 5an lo t-e 5arb. '-e 5arb -as a t-i5 spin&le oin t-rou- t-e mi&&le o it an& i you:ve otan HS# it seems even t-i5er? '-is 5an be 5ut &on an& loe&. +nsi&e t-e 5arb t-e port oes romroun& to sLuare to roun& aain an& you 5an smoot- o t-e su&&en 5-anes. ortin out an HS# is oo&as you in5rease t-e lo -ilst eepin t-e as velo5ity. '-e early 8%0 air ilter arranements are tinyan& you 5an 5-ane t-ese to t-e later type -i5- are larer an& -ave a 5ool air ee&. ou 5an it a KPair ilter too i you:re not alarme& by possible etra enine ear.

+ you:ve ot t-e enine out you 5an -ave t-e blo5 simme& -i5-:ll mean you:ll be able to &es-rou&t-e valves more.

8%0s &on:t -ave a lot o torLue so -ave to be revve&. Aain, i you:ve ot t-e no)-o, eLuipment or5as- you 5an -ave t-e 5onro&s an& 5ran li-tene& -i5- mean t-e enine 5an be revve& more an& moreeasily. 8%0s s-oul& rev anyay in t-eory as t-e psitons are so small?

et + uess is repla5ement parts. + t-e enine is out you 5an *Bs-oul&B/ repla5e t-e 5am or somet-in better. 6n a street 8%0 you ant somet-in o #%% or # &uration. '-e 8%0 blo5 only -as a sinlerepla5eable 5am bearin so anyt-in more oul& et eaten up really Lui5 anyay. ou 5an et t-eot-er to bearins itte& but it 5osts? '-e timin o t-e 5am -as an ae5t o alterin t-e poer ban& so

you s-oul& really et t-e timin o it 5-e5e& an& it oset 5am eys i ne5essary. + you:ve ot an early8%0 it- t-e ea sprins you:ll nee& to it stan&ar& 998 sprins i you plan on revvin more t-an say%000rpm. <uple *&ouble ro/ 5am 5-ain an& ears is a oo& i&ea too as it:ll eep t-e 5am in time orloner an& ill be less noisy. + you 5an run to it, ittin oset ro5er bus-es ill ive you more valvelit.

2ust looin at t-e stan&ar& inlet maniol& you 5an tell it as &esine& to it in a small spa5e? '-ese areenerally 5rap an& you 5an it an atermaret one but aain &on:t o or anyt-in too bi, o or lo.

et + uess is t-e e-aust. ou F5anF, i you really ant to, eep t-e stan&ar& sinle bo e-austsystem but repla5e t-e sinle bo itan RC40 bo. @-aust:s lo better it-out t-e 5entre bo *a5ommon M")G tri5/ but t-ey are a little noisier. ou:ll et t-e as spee& alon t-e narro &onpipe but you on:t et t-e same ba5 pressure rom t-e silen5er. More t-an t-at you 5an et atermaret lon5entre bran5- maniol& an& sli-tly larer bore system.

ou Fnee&F to et t-e 5ar rollin roa& &yno:e& ater any 5-anes as an 8%0:ll nee& every -p it 5an et. +you:ve raise& t-e CR an& t-e inition timin is out you run t-e run o bloin bi -oles in your pistonstoo.

+ t-in +:ve 5overe& most t-ins. '-e above:s pit5-e& at someone antin to improve t-eir street motoron a limite& bu&et. 6 5ourse i you ant to ni5 t-e inJe5tion an& turbo 5omponents rom a <i-atsu

66



C-ara&e "'ti you 5an.

Arti5le ritten by Steve A&&erson.

'o)pa5 aint

'o)pa5 is nasty stu. +t -as 5yani&e in it? '-at is -y it:s illeal to <+ it in t-e K, an& i you anta really oo& paint Job, t-en you -ave to et a spray s-op to &o it in ull breat-in ear.

roblems 5an also o55ur -en sprayin 5ellulose over a to)pa5e& paint Job to tou5- it up. +t 5an bubble up an& lae o.

+ you ant an epensive s-ine et a to)pa5 Job &one, i you ant to tou5- it up use 5ellulose at-ome.

'yre <imensions

'yres are &es5ribe& as (yR& *@; 1%($0R10/

!-ere;

is t-e i&t- o t-e trea& in mm. sually a55epte& as t-e i&t- o t-e tyre, but t-e trea& &oes ten& to o &on t-e si&es sli-tly.

y is t-e all -ei-t as a per5entae o . '-e &istan5e rom t-e rim to -eret-e trea& starts.

& is t-e insi&e &iameter. '-e -eel &iameter in +CH@S.

'-e :R: means Ra&ial 5onstru5tion. 6ten a letter pre5ee&in t-is letter spe5iies t-e :spee& ratin:.@amples bein SR, HR P >R -i5- also mean t-ey:ll run 5ooler at loer spee&s. + believe SR isspee&s up to 11%mp-, HR is 1#0, >R is 1307.

So...

1%($0R10

67



Has 1%mm o trea& i&t-, an& a $0 *o 1%mm N 11%.%mm/ all -ei-t, an& itson a 10B -eel.

'-is means t-at 1%($0:s -ave a sli-tly larer &iameter(5ir5umeren5e t-an14%($0:s. Hen5e your spee&o ill rea& lo i itte& 10 alloy -eels in pla5eo stan&ar& 104.% steel -eels.

o proile tyres -ave a smaller :y: iure *e; 1$%(%0R13/

ormal roa& tyres -ave a $0 or 80 proile. @pensive sporty ones -ave 0 or %0 proile.

Here are some -eel si=es an& typi5al tyres;

10% ; 14%($0R10, 1%%($0R1010 ; 1%%($0R10, 1%($0R101#% ; 14%($0R1# to 1%($0R1#

13$ ; 1$%(%0R13

<ierent i&t-s o tyre 5an it &ierent -eel i&t-s. ou Just et tyre:over-an: on i&er tyres.

6ten a letter ollos t-e -eel si=e. @; 102. '-is is t-e rim type. Commonones are G P 2. ou &on:t normally nee& to orry about t-ese letters. +t:s or t-e tyre itter.

'yres, oer <istribution an& Cornerin or5es

6K # t-ins to t-in about, poer &istribution an& 5ornerin *si&e/ or5es. Any tyre ill -ave ie&5ompoun& a&-esion properties per 5m sLuare& o 5onta5t area, brea aay o55urs -en s-ear or5ee5ee&s t-e or5es pressin &on on t-e tyre, + uess a total torLue o 5an be transmitte& to t-e roa& more easier it- alarer 5onta5t area *an& a loer s-ear or5e per 5m#, same torLue transmitte& over a larer area/. G',5ornerin *si&e/ or5es are more liely to be 5apable o spinnin you o i t-ere is less pressure per 5m#rom t-e ei-t o t-e 5ar. S6, 1 5ars -ave bi at tyre '6 "@' 'H@ 6!@R <6! A< @@<'H@ @E'RA <6!6RC@ '6 S'6 'R@ GR@AKA!A 6 ACC@@RA'+6 '66. G'AS6, SFF' loa&s o roun& ee5t stu to in5rease t-e &on or5e to eep it lue& on to t-e roa&... toin5rease t-e or5e per 5m# o t-e ve-i5le ei-t to a5t aainst t-e si&e or5e on 5ornerin + i&e tyres-elpe& 5ornerin better A< to transmit poer 1 5ars oul&n:t nee& all t-e ins an& t-ins..e-

So t-ere must be a 5ompromise beteen tyre i&t- to et more poer &on an& e5essive i&t-5ausin la5 o rip on 5orners...maybe e nee& to start ittin aerooils to our Coopers it- 1$%s

68



ou 5an:t remove t-e 5ontribution o 5orre5t suspension alinments on -an&lin, narro proile tyresre&u5e le o t-e si&eall, loer t-e 5ar *an& its C o "/ an& alloys re&u5e unsprun ie-ts to urt-erimprove t-ins...tae t-ese out o t-e eLuation an& t-e use o i&er -eels an& tyres o t-e same si&e-ei-t *ie 5-ane rom 1%%($0(1# to say 180(0(1#s Bi5ti5iousB/ oul& only be an a&vantae i youere suerin rom -eel spin on a55eleration, t-e or5e per 5m# rom t-e ei-t o t-e 5ar oul& bere&u5e& so t-eoreti5ally t-e 5ar oul& spin out easier

!i&er tyres 5-ane t-e tra5 an& important suspension anles to ee5t t-e -an&lin in ays 6'H+"to &o it- t-e tyres...it Bnutty i&e bootsB on t-eir on epe5tin a ra&i5al improvement rom t-e tyresan& you ill be&isapointe&, i t-ese ne tyres -ave a loer rollin &iameter an& are itte& to alloy -eels t-eimprovement in -an&lin mi-t be rom t-e a&&e& stability rom t-e loere& Centre o "ravity an&unsprun ei-t 6' romt-e a5t you ot 105m i&er strips o rubber?

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

nlea&e& 5ylin&er -ea&s

ea&e& uel leaves a small &eposit o lea& on t-e valve an& t-e valve seat -i5- prote5ts t-em rom t-e

-ot ases rus-in by. '-e inlet valve is prote5te& naturally as it is 5onstantly 5oole& by t-e res- miture,so t-at:s not t-e problem, but t-e e-aust valve taes t-e ull impa5t o t-e -eat. Hea&s -i5- are prepare& or use it- unlea&e& uels -ave spe5ially -ar&ene& materials use& or e-aust valves an& seatsto &o it-out t-e prote5tion o t-e lea&.

nlea&e& uel

Minis ma&e ater May 1989 5an run on premium *9% R6/ unlea&e& or any miture o t-e to it-outmo&ii5ation.

69



nlea&e& it- -i- CR

in an enine runnin a CR D 10;1

!-en 5onsi&erin 5ompression ratios t-e use o lea&e&(unlea&e& uel isirrelevant. +ts t-e o5tane ratin t-at matters ) an& -ile t.e. lea& ist-e 5-eapest ay o raisin o5tane ratin ) t-ere are lots o ot-er solutions *more epensive an& more &anerous t-at is/.

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

>

>alve 5learen5es, reasons or

'-e main resons or -avin a valve 5learen5e are;

) 'o allo or t-ermal epansion o valves, blo5, ro&s, et5.) 'o prote5t t-e 5am lobe *no ap, valve slams s-ut rom eplosion, 5amou&e&/) 'o allo or unevenness in t-e 5am base 5ir5le *non)lobe si&e/) 'o allo oil to pentrate un&er t-e ro5er tip an& pus-ro& 5up.

Some people say t-at t-e ap 5loses up a bit -en -ot, ot-ers say t-e blo5 epansion 5ountera5ts valvetrain epansion. Set t-e aps 5ol&, an& set to #%)30 t-ou ( 0.)0.8mm.

>alve Sprin Repla5ement *!it-out Removin Hea&?/

ee& some Jump)rope si=e& rope in t-ru t-e spar plu -ole an& ill t-e 5-amber itit. '-en turn t-emotor over G HA< until t-at piston is 5omin up an& 5ompresses t-e rope aainst t-e valve -ea&sni5e an& irm.

70



'-is allos you to release t-e eepers an& 5-ane t-e sprin, eva- so 5leva-. Alternately, et t-e@nlis- ella moo uses to &o)up t-e rear motor mount on a 1100(1300 or t-e un&er)5lut5- motormount in a Mini to sti5 -is &amn iner in t-e plu -ole an& -ol& t-e valve s-ut.

6'@ ; Apparently, t-ere is a tool available -i5- pressurises t-e 5ylin&er t-rou- t-e spar plu -olean& 5-ane t-e sprins.

>alves, iston 5onta5t at -i- revs

!-en t-e piston -its a valve t-e valve 5loses, perio&. +t &oesn:t 5are -at t-e 5am is &oin at t-atmoment. '-e

5am(valve assembly are a loosely 5ouple& system. 6nly t-e 5am an& 5rans-at are &ire5tly 5ouple& viat-e timin5-ain. 6n5e you rea5- valve loat t-e sprin 5an no loner pus- t-e ro5er &on ast enou- to ollot-e 5am. +t:s not really t-e valves t-at loat, it:s t-e entire valve train.

So, t-e valve is &on but t-e 5am is at it:s 5lose& position so t-e piston is up. Gan? '-e piston -its t-evalve or5in it 5lose& Just as t-e 5am 5omes aroun& to lit. Somet-in -as to ive. + you:re lu5y,instea& o -olin a piston or breain a ro& you:ll ben& a pus- ro& or brea a liter.

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

!

!el&in, M+"('+" *+/

M+" stan&s or Metal +nert "as. A ire is e& t-rou- t-e el&eran& automati5ally. '-e Ar5 is stru5 rom t-e en& o t-e ire,-i5- &eposits t-e molten ire on t-e sura5e to be el&e&.*-i5- is eart-e&/. '-e "as stops it oi&i=in an& also stopsoyen ettin in t-e el&.

'+" stan&s or 'unsten +nert "as. Gasi5ally t-e same but t-e el&eruses a separate ro& rat-er t-an ee&in ire t-rou- t-e an&.

71



M+" is or iron P steel, -ereas '+" 5an also use& or steel oraluminium.

Ge5ause bot- orms o el&in use an ar5, t-ere are &ierentamperae el&ers &epen&in on -et-er you are Joinin s-eet sto5 ort-i5er metal. !itness a rien& -o trie& to el& -is mini it- aM+" el&er &esine& or bar steel ) an& en&e& up burnin out t-eA)panel?

A el& s-oul& be stron an& even. + t-e ar5 is not stru5 properly,t-is results in -at is non as B5-i5ens-it el&inB be5ause t-eire(ro& is unevenly applie& &ue to t-e resistan5e, main t-e el&loo lie a loa& o 5-i5ens -ave spent t-e ni-t t-ere.

!el&in M+"('+" *++/

M+" N Metal +nert "as'+" N 'unsten +nert "as

As you see bot- use an inert s-iel&in as. '-e purpose o -i5- istool&;1. 'o eep t-e atmosp-ere *oyen/ out t-us avoi&in oi&ation.

#. 'o 5ool &on t-e area aroun& t-e el&.

M+" use a metal 5entral ele5tro&e t-at is use& up as iller material.*'-e observant min& ill no noti5e it is not possible to &o a M+"el& it-out buil&in up a moun&/

'+" use a '-orium('unsten ele5tro&e t-at is not use& up U1V.+ you nee& iller material you a&& t-at usin a ro& as you &o in6yen)A5etyleneel&in. +n&ee& '+" el&in loos mu5- lie 6)A el&in, an& someeperien5eusin t-is met-o& is an a&vantae. '-e best looin '+" el&s are t-eones-ere no iller ro& is use&, t-e 6)A el&er ill probably also re5oni=et-is rom eperien5e.

'-e s-iel& as is t-e same or M+" an& '+". + use Aron, as it is t-eone + oun& 5an be use& or most o my purposes. "as mies ill be better or some uses, but unuseable or ot-ers.

'-e poer sour5e or a '+" el&er must be 5ontinously variable *<C/

72



-ile youel&. Some use a pe&al, + use a t-umb)&ial on t-e tor5-. !it-out it, youill still pro&u5e a bri-t li-t, but t-en mostly rom searin.'+" it-out H)start is an in5onvenien5e, but as it &rives up t-e pri5e by Luite a bit + suest you &o it-out it. + you plan on usin '+" or aluminum, it must -ave AC -i5- also &rives up t-e pri5e. + oul& -opet-at more -obbyists &is5over '+", as t-at ill 5ertainly brin &on t-e pri5es as it &i& it- M+". +t ill 5ertainly result in better Lualityel&s, as *it- '+"/ you usually et a oo& el& or a bi -ole, -i5-is easy to tell apart.

'-e -eat is mu5- more lo5al it- '+" t-an it- ot-er met-o&s, an& alsoit- a mu5- iner 5ontrol. '-is maes it possible to el& mu5- 5loser to obJe5ts t-at &o not lie -eat. +t also ma

U1V nless you 5ontaminate t-em, -i5- you &o a lot -en lo oneperien5e.

'-en you -ave to rin& t-em up beore 5ontinuin, or your el& ill be porous an& ea be5ause o in5lusion o impurities.

'rivia;) ou 5an et '+" tor5-es as small as ountain pens. '-ey 5an be use&or el&in &on to aluminum Coe 5an t-i5nesses.!oul&n:t t-at be a ni5e -obby; restorin Coe 5ans ;)/) ou 5an use '+" to -eat up it-out el&in as you oten &o it- 6)A.Gut it ill be mu5- more lo5alise&, an& so useul or s-rinin outol& valve seat inserts an& t-e lie.

) + no some people t-at use "eier 5ounters in t-eir proession. '-eyse '-oriate& 'unsten '+" ele5tro&es or 5-e5in t-e ")5ounters, ast-ese are mu5- easier to brin t-rou- airport se5urity t-an ot-er isotopes.

!ipers, Sel)parin mo&ii5ation

Comin out o t-e motor *not t-e par sit5-/ are 3 ires.

Glue ) "roun&Re& ) Sloello ) ast

'-ese 5onne5t on to t-e ba5 o t-e par sit5- an& o strai-t t-rou- up to t-e iper sit5-.'-is

73



leaves # ires t-at 5ome out o t-e par sit5-.'-e a5tual par sit5- is basi5ally a 5-ane over relay.-en t-e pin is pus-e& &on by t-e 5am on t-e ba5 o t-e iper 5o. it sit5-es *not t-e li-treen(orane stripe t-e only one t-at is let/ rom t-e permanent 1#> to 0> t-is s-orts t-e motor outan& stops it very Lui5ly. + t-e motor &oesn:t stop t-en t-is 5onta5t is t-e one t-at nee&s attention.!-en t-e pin is up *-en t-e ipers are not pare&/ t-is lea& is 5onne5te& to t-e i-t reen(oranestripe -i5- is t-e permanent 1#> t-is maes t-e ipers par -en t-e iper sit5- is o.

'6 R@A+R ARK S!+'CH.+ your ipers eit-er eep oin or &on:t par -en sit5-e& o t-en your par sit5- nee&sattention.irst remove iper motor rom 5ar as &es5ribe& by -ynes.<ismantle as per -ynes.'-e bitHynes &oesn:t tell you is t-at t-ere is a small metal 5lip t-at atta5-es t-e par sit5- to t-e motor +t is probably -i&&en un&er all t-at rease but i you 5lean out t-e motor irst you ill in& it. Sli&e t-e 5lip ba5 an& t-e par sit5- s-oul& 5ome aay rom t-e motor.o you -ave a 5-oi5e, you 5an eit-er oout an& buy a ne one or tae it apart an& 5lean up t-e 5onta5ts. '-e problem it- tain it apart is t-atyou brae it t-ere are small plasti5 tabs -i5- brae -en you open it up.

+MR6>@M@'.

'-is ill be &one s-ortly to my system.it A 5-aneover relay in t-e par sit5- 5ir5uit so t-at -en t-eipers aren:t pare& t-e 5oil in enerise& an& 5onne5ts o(p rom t-e par sit5- to 1#> unenerise&5onne5tion o t-e relay is 5onne5te& to 0> t-is taes t-e loa& o o t-e par sit5- so it ill lastloner.6n5e t-is -as been &one sap t-e yello an& Re& ires over on t-e ba5 o t-e par sit5- t-isill ive you ast spee& auto par, on5e ipe an& sap t-e ast an& slo on t-e iper sit5-.!ellort- &oin + t-in + -ave been runnin a similar set)up -i5- ors really ell. + put t-e relay in a&ierent pla5e -i5- means t-at + 5annot use slo spee& anymore + ill 5onvert to t-e above met-o&-en + et some time.

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

E

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

74



W

))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))

mini encyclopedia

Documents