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Minggu 10: Protista

Microbiology

Prof. Dr. Ir. Wignyanto, MS

Dr. Ir. Nur Hidayat, MP

Irnia Nurika, STP, MP, PhDSri Suhartini, STP, M.ManEnv. PhD

Suprayogi, STP, PhD

Dosen Pengampu:

TIP-FTP-UB-2018

http://nurhidayat.lecture.ub.ac.id/materi-kuliah/mikrobiologi/

Pendahuluan/Karakteristik

1. Unicellular2. One of the first groups of living things on Earth. (1.5

billion years ago.)3. Microscopic4. Can cause disease.5. Can be parasites6. Has a nucleus.7. Live in watery environment8. Generally live as individual cells.

TIP-FTP-UB-2018

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1. Any organism not classified as a—plant, animal, fungus, or bacteria (prokaryote).

2. Protists are eukaryotic having a distinct nucleus and organelles.

3. Most protists are unicellular (one-celled) but some are multicellular.

4. Mulai tahun 2005 klasifikasi protista tidakmendasarkan pada morfologi tetapikenyataan taksonomi. Ada 4 supergrup:

a. Amoebozoa: amuba aerobdan jamur lendir

b. Archaeplastids, fotosintetik,endosimbion, alga hijau

c. Chromalveolata: parasit pada binatangDinoflagelata, Ciliophora dsb

d. Excavata: eukariot primitif. Penyebab penyakit

Green like plants!

Water mold

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3. Amoeba:

Nucleus

Contractile Vacuole

Pseudopod(False foot)

Slime Mold:

Examples—

a. Slime molds

b. Water molds

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Harmful—

P. Infestans (water mold) caused Great Potato Famine in Ireland. This lead to the mass starvation of 1 million Irish people.

Archaeplastids1. Mencakup semua organisme plastid fotosintetik:

a. Umumnya bersimbiosis dengan Cyanobacterium

b. Chloroplastida Sering disebut sebagai alga hijau

c. Hidup fototrof di air tawar, air laut dan tanah

Video

Video

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Uses of Algae:

a. Algae is a good food source for life in the oceans.

b. Algae produces much of Earth’s oxygen through photosynthesis.

c. Algae is used to make sushi, ice cream, salad dressing, plastics, paint, agar.

Unicellular Algae:

a. Phytoplankton provides a source of nourishment for other organisms

b. Protists recycle sewage and waste materials.

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C. Algal blooms are harmful when overgrown—deplete water of nutrients consequently killing fish.

Algal blooms called Red Tides cause illness, paralysis, and death of fish and even humans.

Supergrup Chromalveolata

• Bersifat autotrof, mixotrof, heterotrof

• Memiliki plastid, endosimbion

• Beberapa anggotanya merupakan penyebabpenyakit misalnya Plasmodium (malaria), Toxoplasma dsb

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Importance of Animal-like Protists:

a. Harmful

i. Disease-causing parasites spread by insect bites

1. Malaria—Plasmodium spread by mosquito

2. African Sleeping Sickness—Trypmosomaspread by Tsetse fly

b. Beneficial

i. Recycles nutrients by breaking down dead matter

ii. Food source—for other organisms

iii. Mutualism—both organisms benefit

Example: Trichonympha—makes it possible for termites to eat wood. Termites do not have the enzymes to digest wood.

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Supergrup Excavata1. Method of Movement:

a. Flagellum—whip-like structure used for movement

2. Euglena:

Nucleus

Contractile Vacuole

Chloroplasts

Flagella

Eyespot For photosynthesis (light)