MINERALS AND ENERGY RESOURCES

MINERALS

ROCKS

Classification of Minerals

Metallic Mineral

Metallic mineral are those minerals which can be melted to obtain new products.

Contain metals and generally found in Igneous rocks.

Vital for industrialization.

Ferrous Mineral : Ferrous metal primarily contains iron and steel. Example: Iron ore, Manganese, Copper

: Iron ore,

Non-metallic minerals are those which do not yield new products on melting.Do not contain minerals.

Found in sedimentary rocks.

Non-Ferrous Mineral : Non-Ferrous metal contains little iron or steel. Example: Copper, Bauxite. Limestone, Mica.

Limestone Bauxite

ORE

Do not contain minerals.Found in sedimentary rocks.

Example: MICA, LIMESTONE etc

Contain metals and generally found in Igneous rocks.

Vital for industrialization.EXAMPLE RON ORE, MANGANESE,

COPPER etc.

USES AND EXPLOITATION

MINERALS IN INDIA

manganese Deposits- M.P, ORISSA, A.P, CHATTISGARH, KARNATAKA

• USES-SMELTING OF IRON, MANUFACTURING FERRO-ALLOYS , ADDS STRENGHT TO STEEL

MANGANESE

DEPOSITS- M.P ,TAMIL NADU,BIHAR,

ORISSA,GUJARAT, RAJASTAN, MAHARASHTRA,JHARKHAND

RAW MATERIAL FOR CEMENT INDUSTRY

LIMESTONE

COAL FORMED MILLIONS OF YEARS AGO More than 65% of electricity generation capacities are coal based.

LEADING COAL PRODUCERS-USA,RUSSIA, GERMANY ,FRANCE,SOUTHAFRICA,CHINA

INDIA-JHAIRA(LARGEST),RANIGANG LOW GRADE-ASSAM,ARUNACHAL PRADESH,NAGALAND MEGALAYA LIGNITE-TAMIL NADU,PUDUCHERRY,GUJRAT,JK USES-THERMAL POWER;IRON,STEEL INDUSTRIES; DOMESTIC FUEL;

STEAM ENGINES

Why is it called black gold? Name one state where it is found in India?

It is called black gold because of its high utility as a source of energy and as a raw material for a large number of Industries.

• • Anthracite – (90% carbon) :

It is jet black in color and burns slowly without smoke or soot. It is clean to handle and has a high heating value.

• Bituminous coal (50-80% carbon) : Coke required for smelting of

iron ore is derived from bituminous coal.

• Lignite (40% carbon) : It is brown or brownish in

color. It has large quantities of ash and moisture.

• Peat – It is considered to be

inferior to other three varieties due to least carbon content.

GONDWANA COAL FIELDS• It accounts for 98% of the

total reserves and 99% of the total coal production in India.

• These are 250 million years old.

• These coal mines provide superior quality coal.

• Less moisture compared to Tertiary coal.

TERTIARY COAL FIELDS

• It has very less reserves.

• These are 15 to 60 million years old.

• These provide inferior coal.

• Higher moisture content and more sulphur.

Richest and oldest coalfields of India?

Jharia and Raniganj Jharia Raniganj.

PETROLEUMDERIVATION-LATIN(ROCKOIL)TRAPPED BETWEEN SEDIMETARY ROCKS,IS BLACKIT IS DRILLED FROM OFF &ON SHORE OIL FELDSUSED FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION IN AUTOMOBILES,

AIRCRAFT ETCALSO CALLED BLACK GOLD,LIQUID GOLDTOP PRODUCERS MIDDLE EASTERN COUNTRIES,

USA,RUSSIA,ALGERIA,VENEZULAIN INDIA-DIGBOI IN ASSAM,BOMBAY HIGH,DELTAS OF

KRISHNA &GODAVARI