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MIND DOES MATTER

Moneesh Mittal, M.D.05/20/2014

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Mental Illness

Crazy

Insane

Retard

MadNuts

Silly

Wacko

Cuckoo

Psycho

Weird

Stupid

LunaticLoony

loco

Bonkers

Hysteric

Bananas

Daft

Screwy

Unbalanced

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Negative Emotions: Reasons

• Lack of understanding

• Weakness of Mind/Character

• Gender inequality

• Lack of positive role models

• Cults/Beliefs

• Language of Mental Illness

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What is Mental Illness?

• Clinically significant behavioral symptoms

• Associated with distress

• Causes disability in function

• Not socially or developmentally normative

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• Prevalence

• Financial Cost

• Effect on Human Life

How BIG is the problem?

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• 26.2% of Americans (1 in 4) 18 years or older meet the criteria for a

diagnosable mental illness.1 (= 80 million)

• Serious Mental Illness: 6% (1 in 17).1 (= 18 million)

• 20% (1 in 5) of aged 13 – 18 years experience a severe mental disorder.2

• 13% (1 in 13)of aged 8 – 15 years experience a severe mental disorder.2

Annual Prevalence: United States

1. NIH, NIMH. (N.D.). Statistics: Any Disorder Among Adults. Retrieved March 5, 2013, from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/statistics/1ANYDIS_ADULT.shtml 2. NIH, NIMH. (N.D.). Statistics: Any Disorder Among Children. Retrieved March 5, 2013, from http://www.nimh.nih.gov/statistics/1ANYDIS_CHILD.shtml

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Prevalence: Adults

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Prevalence: Youth

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Financial Cost

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Cost per person

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• Suicide

• Disability

• Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs)

• Years Lived with Disability (YLD)

• Substance Abuse

• Other Co-Morbid Illnesses

• Social Impacts

Effect on Human Life

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• 10th leading cause of death in USA from age 1 - 85+

amounting to 34,592 deaths in 2007. A suicide every 15

minutes!

• 4th leading cause of death in USA from age 18 - 65

amounting to 28,628 deaths in 2007.

• 3rd leading cause of death in USA for teenagers (12-19)

• In 2007 the suicide rate was 11.26 for every 100,000.

Completed Suicide

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• In 2010 highest suicide rate was among people aged 45 – 64 (18.6)• 2nd highest was in age 85 and over (17.6)• Suicide rate: Men - 19.9; Women – 5.2• Race: Whites (14.1) > American Indians (11.0) > Asians (6.2) > Hispanics (5.9) > Blacks (5.1)• Methods: Firearm most common (50.6%) 2nd most common suffocation (24.8%)• Economic impact of completes suicides: $34 billion annually

Completed Suicide – Who is at risk?

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• As per data from NSDUH in 2008, 3.7% of adult 18 years or older had thoughts of suicide with 1% who had made plans and 0.5% who had attempted.

Suicidal Thoughts/Attempts

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Disability: DALYs

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Disability: YLD

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Substance Abuse

People with Severe Mental Illness were:

• 4 times more likely to be heavy alcohol

users (four or more drinks per day)

• 3.5 times more likely to use marijuana

regularly (21 times per year)

• 4.6 times more likely to use other drugs (at

least 10 times in their lives).

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Other Co-Morbid Illnesses

• Adults living with serious

mental illness die on average

25 years earlier than other

Americans, largely due to

treatable medical conditions

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• 26 percent of homeless adults staying in shelters live with serious mental illness and an estimated 46 percent live with severe mental illness and/or substance use disorders

Social Impacts - Homelessness

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• 70% of youth in Juvenile Justice systems have at least one mental health condition and at least 20 % live with a severe mental illness• 44.8 to 64.2 % of inmates have

a diagnosed mental illness

Social Impacts - Incarcerations

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• Lifetime Prevalence: 20.8 % Adults, 14%

Youth (13-18)

• Major Depression: 16.5% Adults, 11.2%

Youth

• Bipolar Disorder: 3.9% Adults, 0-3% Youth

• Major Depressive Disorder is the costliest

illness in USA

Mood Disorders

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• 12 month prevalence: 1.1%

• Total financial burden of

Schizophrenia is more than all

cancers combined

Schizophrenia

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• Lifetime prevalence:

28.8% Adults, 25.1% Youth

• Most prevalent mental

illness

Anxiety Disorders

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Unmet Need

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• Social Stigma• Lack of awareness• Lack of insight• Comorbid Substance Abuse• Poor psychosocial support• Financial constraints (survival vs psychiatric treatment)• Inadequate Funding• Lack of decisive treatment• Shortage of mental health professionals• Requirement of integrative approach

Causes of Unmet Need

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• Mental Illness is a major public

health concern with significant

effect on quality of human life and

financial cost.

• There is a huge unmet need which

requires intervention at multiple

levels

Conclusion

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