8/3/2019 Min Young Heart

1/1

IN MINUTES News and events visually

When a young heart stopsAn Ontario hockey player, 15, collapsed during a game Sunday night, apparently after suering from cardiac arrest.He died hours later. While paramedics respond to numerous calls for cardiac arrest, its rare with teenagers.

Sources: cardiology.westl.edu

Aorta

To thebody

To thelungs

Rightatrium

Leftatrium Left

ventricle

Rightventricle

Septum

Leftventricularwall

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy:Common cause of sudden cardiac death

Sudden cardiac death occurs when the heart stopsabruptly. In teenagers and young adults, structuralheart abnormalities or heart rhythm disturbancesare a common cause of sudden death.

When blood flow is blockedit can cause abnormal heartrhythms, called arrhythmias.Some types of arrhythmias(but not all) can lead tosudden death.

Case reports have linked anabolic steroids with increased leftventricular mass, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and sudden death in

weightlifters and other athletes. Furthermore, two small studies of

steroid-using athletes demonstrated a relationship between steroid useand impaired function and an increased size of the hearts chambers.

About

200ATHLETES

intheU.S.DIEEVERYYEARfromsudden

cardiacdeath

HCMoccursin

1IN500people

Typically, athletes will have had symptoms as awarning, but they may have ignored them or assumedthat they had just overdone it, overexerted themselvesor become too dehydrated.

With the thickeningof the left ventricle

wall and septum, theleft ventricle is muchnarrower than in anormal heart.

Thickening just below the aorticvalve will cause obstruction to theflow of blood leaving the heart.

Coronary heart disease, congenitalanomalies of the coronary arteries, somerare arrhythmias, aortic aneurysmdissection, myocarditis, long QT syndrome,Kawasakis disease, and hard blows to thechest are also risk factors for sudden death.

Normal heart

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

with obstruction (HCM) Thickening of the

walls of the heart muscle The heart makes too

much muscle tissue

Overgrowth

SUSAN BATSFORD, GRAPHICS EDITOR, TWITTER @SBATS1; INFOGRAPHIC BY TARA CORRAN/QMI AGENCY

Clinical evaluationA doctor checks forshortness of breath, chestdiscomfort, palpitations,fatigue, dizziness orpassing out.

Electrocardiogram(ECG)The ECG is often abnormaland may display variouspatterns reflecting theexcess heart muscletissue.

Echocardiogram(Echo)An Echo is an ultrasoundof the heart and will showthe details of the heartincluding the muscles,valves and function.

Genetic testingThere are approximately13 dierent genes thatcan cause HCM. The testsare expensive and arentguaranteed to find theabnormal gene.

Diagnosis of HCM