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Millennium Development Goals: Country Report

PresentationTo

Commission for Gender Equality

Pali LehohlaStatistician-General South Africa

06 September 2010

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Outline• Process of MDGs

• Outcomes on each of the goals

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OutlineOutline

1.1. IntroductionIntroduction

2.2. The Role of Statistics South AfricaThe Role of Statistics South Africa

3. Approach to 2010 MDG process

4.4. Planned MDG ProcessPlanned MDG Process• Essential PreliminariesEssential Preliminaries• MDG Design (Methodology Workshop)MDG Design (Methodology Workshop)• Data Quality AssessmentData Quality Assessment• Sector ReportsSector Reports• Production of the MDGRProduction of the MDGR• MDGR ValidationMDGR Validation• MDGR RatificationMDGR Ratification• MDGR DisseminationMDGR Dissemination

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Introduction

Millennium Declaration

• In September 2000, the world’s leaders signed the Millennium Declaration at the Millennium Summit

• The Millennium Declaration promotes basic human rights such as the right to education, health, water, security, and shelter

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1994 1997 20152000 2003 2005 2007 2009 2012

• Characteristics of MDGs:

• Time-bound goals

• Quantifiable targets

• Internationally agreed upon indicators

• Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), act as guidelines and Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), act as guidelines and indicators for measuring levels of developmentindicators for measuring levels of development

• Reference period for Reference period for MDGs 1990 - 2015MDGs 1990 - 2015• For South Africa, start of For South Africa, start of reference period is 1994reference period is 1994

Background

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Goal 1: Eradicate extreme

poverty and hunger

The Millennium Development Goals

Goal 2: Achieve

universal primary

education

Goal 3: Promote gender

equity and empower women

Goal 4: Reduce child

mortality

Goal 5: Improve maternal

health

Goal 6: Combat

HIV/AIDS, malaria and

other diseases

Goal 7: Ensure

environmental sustainability

Goal 8: Develop a

global partnership

for development

• Up to January 2008 there were 8 goals, 18 targets and 48 indicators;

• There are now 8 goals, 20 targets and 60 indicators

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Lessons

MDG Process

First MDGCountryReport

Focal Point

Department ofForeignAffairs

Production Coordinator

Statistics SouthAfrica

Submitted Baseline ReportDocument

finalized byThe

Presidency

MDGR 2005 Shadow Report

Complaints raised:1. SANGOCO2. SAHRC

MDG Updates:1. Credibility (2007,

2008)2. CSO participation

MDG updates

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Role of Stats SA

1. The coordination of the MDG process• Ensure access to data needed to populate indicators• Ensure coordination of international partners (UNDP, UNICEF)

2. The coordinator of the National Statistics System (NSS)• To counter perception of MDGR being government report

— Stats SA to be apolitical neutrality ensured— Transparency in choice of data sources— Coordinate suppliers of data — Quality assess data sources, produce Quality

Statement on each— Engage civil society organisations (CSOs)

3. Managing the MDG project

4. Serving as the secretariat to the MDGR 2010

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Stats SA to ensure that the following are achieved:Stats SA to ensure that the following are achieved:

• Communication of MDGR activities to all stakeholdersCommunication of MDGR activities to all stakeholders

• Make MDG relevant to South Africa via – Make MDG relevant to South Africa via – • National Methodology WorkshopNational Methodology Workshop• Domesticating indicators and setting targetsDomesticating indicators and setting targets

• Provincial MDG workshopsProvincial MDG workshops

• Establishment of MDG Working CommitteesEstablishment of MDG Working Committees• Sectoral Working GroupsSectoral Working Groups• National Coordinating CommitteeNational Coordinating Committee

• ToRs for the committees to guide their function and responsibilitiesToRs for the committees to guide their function and responsibilities

• Appointment of service providersAppointment of service providers toto serveserve asas thethe Report Drafting Report Drafting Team)Team)

Approach to 2010 MDG process

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Perspectives on Strategy and ProgressPerspectives on Strategy and Progress

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• Drafting Terms of Reference that will constitute the operational Drafting Terms of Reference that will constitute the operational strategy for the MDGRstrategy for the MDGR

• Establishment of the committeesEstablishment of the committees

• Drafted memorandum to the Drafted memorandum to the Minister of PlanningMinister of Planning in the in the Presidency (Minister Trevor Manuel)Presidency (Minister Trevor Manuel)

• Drafted a concept paper on the MDGsDrafted a concept paper on the MDGs

Essential Preliminaries

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The committees are as follows:The committees are as follows:

The The National National

Coordinating Coordinating CommitteeCommittee

(NCC)(NCC)

Essential Preliminaries

• Steer the MDGs preparation process at a national level

• Provide the overall policy direction on the 2009-2010 MDGs progress report

Sectoral Working Groups (SWG)

• ensure the credibility of the data

• facilitate the domestication of the targets and indicators to the South African context

• prepare the various drafts and final sector reports

• ensure that stakeholder views are integrated into a

final sector draft(s)

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1.1. Background to the MDGRBackground to the MDGR

2.2. Informing the Minister of Informing the Minister of Stats SA’s role as lead Stats SA’s role as lead department in the department in the coordination of the MDGR coordination of the MDGR 20102010

3.3. The Structure of the MDGR The Structure of the MDGR 2010 process i.e. the 2010 process i.e. the constitution and constitution and responsibilities of the responsibilities of the various committeesvarious committees

4.4. Timeframes and key Timeframes and key deliverablesdeliverables

Memorandum to the Minister

The Memorandum consists of:The Memorandum consists of:

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The concept paper outlines the The concept paper outlines the following fundamentals such following fundamentals such as:as:

1.1. The Governance Structure of the The Governance Structure of the MDGsMDGs

2.2. The Goals and Objectives of the The Goals and Objectives of the MDGR for 2010MDGR for 2010

3.3. High level MDG processesHigh level MDG processes

4.4. MDGR process map and MDGR process map and timeframestimeframes

5.5. Examples of reporting templates Examples of reporting templates for indicatorsfor indicators

Concept Paper

The MDG Concept Paper provides a pragmatic tangible substance to The MDG Concept Paper provides a pragmatic tangible substance to the MDGR process.the MDGR process.

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Terms of Reference for the NCC provides a critical arm in the Governance process of the MDGR.

The NCC will constitute the following:• NCC to be chaired by the Statistician General;• UN Resident Coordinator; • Three top level representatives of Government (DDG) from the

I. Department of Health, II. Department of Social Development, and III. Stats SA and Civil Society

National Coordinating Committee

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The SWGs will be responsible for the preparation of the Sectoral Reports in line with the MDG grouping of goals and processes.

The membership of the SWG will be as follows:• Chair of each sectoral group to be a member of the TWC• Representatives from the public sector• Representatives from the CSO/academia• Representatives from Private and Development Partners

Sectoral Working Groups

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Sectoral Working Groups

The sectoral working groups will consist of:

• Group 1: Poverty and Hunger• Group 2: Education and Gender• Group 3: Child and Maternal Health• Group 4: HIV/AIDS. Malaria and other Diseases• Group 5: Environmental sustainability• Group 6: Global Partnership for Development• Group 7: Data Harmonisation Group

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Internal strategy• inform internal stakeholders

Strategy for the broader stakeholder base

• Inform external stakeholders viz.: I. government, II. non-governmental, III. academia, and IV. private citizens of the

country to provide their inputs and support

Communication Strategy

A communication strategy provides a vehicle for all stakeholders to take ownership of the 2010 MDGR country report.

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Methodology Workshop

Purpose:Purpose:• To build on lessons of past efforts on MDGs • Make the MDGR 2010 more robust and inclusive• Serve the issues around capacity building initiative and

awareness

Objective:Objective:• To acquaint participants with the processes and issues

involved in the preparation of MDGs progress reports in South Africa with a view to empowering them with the methodology and tools of MDGR preparation

A forum that intends to assemble a broad spectrum of stakeholders on MDGs in the country. Satisfy international requirements that MDGs is an inclusive process..

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Specific objectives & goal of methodology Workshop

The specific objectives of this workshop will allow participants to:

• Have a clear understanding of the MDGs targets and indicators;• Explain the processes and principles involved in the preparation of

the national MDGR;• Discuss human right based approach to the MDGs;• Explain what it takes to localize MDGs targets and indicators in the

country;• Relate MDG targets and indicators to national targets;• Identification of data sources that will be used to populate the

indicators;• Explain the relevance and significance of DevInfo to the MDGs

preparation process; and• Discuss quality assurance and controls in the preparation of a

national MDGR

The goal:• Is to promote participatory approach in the preparation of the MDGR in the

country

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Who are the targeted Groups/Participants

• Expected ≈ 100 participants at the National Methodology Workshop (± 140 turned up)

– CSOs– National Departments– Private sector– Academia– Development partners

• Provincial Methodological Workshop(s)– Provincial focus– Provincial CSOs– Provincial departments– Research Councils– Local universities

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Who are the targeted Groups/Participants (1)

CSOs:• Human Science Research Council, South African NGO

Coalition (SANGOCO), Trialogue, and five (5) other representation from the CSO (with not more than one covering one MDG)

Private Sector:• The Business Unity South Africa (BUSA), The Chambers

of Commerce and Industry South Africa (CHANSA), and The South African Chamber of Business (SACOB)

Academia• Universities, Research Councils etc.

Development partners:• UNDP, UNICEF, WHO, FAO/WFP, UNFPA, UNIDO,

ILO, UNAIDS, UNIFEM, UNHABITAT, World Bank, EU, DFID, USAID, French Embassy and CIDA

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National MDG Methodology Workshop

Key deliverables:

• An agreed template for the domestication/localization of the MDGs in South Africa;

• Commitment from participating institutions to facilitate access to credible alternative data and information; and

• Outcome document detailing out key lessons, role of stakeholders and way forward on the preparation of 2009/2010 MDGR

• Held on 19-20 November 2009• St. George’s Hotel, Pretoria

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MDG Methodology Workshop (2)

Workshop breakdown:• Overview of MDGs Targets / Indicators and MDGs Preparation

Process• Highlight of MDGs Progress Reporting in RSA• Cross Countries Experiences in MDGs Progress Reporting • Human Right Based Approach to MDGs • Domestication of MDGs Targets and Indicators in RSA• Syndicate and Plenary Sessions on domestication• Traditional MDGs Data Sources • Complementary MDGs Data Sources• Quality Assurance and Control • Relevance and use of DevInfo to MDGR 2010• MDGR Format and Roadmap

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Data Acquisition

• Requests for data will be sent to all data providers• Data as well as indicator

values will be requested

• Indicators which Stats SA can provide data for will be populated in the interim

• Data quality assessment strategy being developed

• Data sources to be subjected to SASQAF Lite quality assessment

• Data quality concerns to be flagged in MDGR

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• The data will be analysed and draft sectoral reports will be written by Report Drafting Team (RDT) with inputs from the SWG

• The draft sectoral reports will be sent to the NCC for review

• The Review process will continue until the NCC is satisfied with the report

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• Put out a RFP to serve as the RDT

• institution

• institution to monitor

coordination sector

reports

• Integrate 8 sector reports First draft of MDGR 2010

• The MDGR 2010 will be sent to the NCC for review

• The review process will take place until the NCC is satisfied with the report

• After adoption of the edited report the final draft report will be produced

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• Prior to finalizing the MDG Country Report, the draft report needs to be validated by all stakeholders

• Draft report to be placed on NSS website, with necessary disclaimers

• Validation workshop to be held for stakeholders to comment on final draft report

• Workshop to include all stakeholders (business, CSO, government)

• Aim to validate report – mitigate against a government report

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SWGSWG

• From language editing the draft MDGR is forwarded to the NCC for ratification

• Once the NCC has ratified the report no further changes can be made to it

NCCNCC

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• Once the country report is finalised the cover page design process will take place with the coordination of UNRC and Stats SA

• The finalised report will then be printed for the media briefing and launch

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Thank

You

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Outline• Introduction

• Goal 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger

• Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education

• Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women

• Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality

• Goal 5: Improve Maternal Health

• Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases

• Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability

• Goal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development

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Introduction

MDG Indicators Domesticated Indicators

Total

50 45 95

• There are a variety of challenges towards meeting the MDGs– High levels of income disparity– Structural unemployment– The impact of HIV and AIDS– The recent global economic recession

• No Data for reporting on:10 MDG indicators1 Domesticated indicator

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Goal 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty

Proportion of population living below the poverty line has declined

Gini coefficient has increased (inequality)

Employment to population ratio remained static

Access to free basic services by indigents on the increase

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Goal 1: Eradicate Extreme Poverty

Poverty line Percent below poverty line

Poverty Gap

2000 2006 2000 2006

Food Poverty line R148 28.5

R20624.8

10.4 7.9

$1.00 (ppp) 11.3 5.0 3.2 1.1

$1.25 (ppp) 17.0 9.7 5.4 2.3

$2.00 (ppp) 33.5 25.3 13.0 8.1

$2.50 (ppp) 42.2

34.8 18.0 12.5

Percent living below poverty lines and poverty gap: 2000 and 2006

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Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education

Adjusted Net Enrolment for females has increased from 97.0% in 2002 to 98.8% in 2009

Functional Literacy rate of 15 to 24 year olds increased from 88% in 2002 to 91% in 2009

Completion rate of primary education by those aged 18 has risen from 89.6% in 2002 to 93.8% in 2009

It appears that South African government initiatives of no fees, free transport and feeding schemes in selected schools have benefited poor learners

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Goal 2: Achieve Universal Primary Education

Enrolment ratios (adjusted) for 7-13 age group by sex: 2002 – 2009

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Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women

There are more girls than boys in both secondary and tertiary education

Women share of non-agricultural wage employment remains below half

Proportion of seats held by women in the national parliament increased from 25% in 1994 to 39% in 2009

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Goal 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women

Year Female GER Male GER GPI

1996 0,09 0,11 0,86

2001 0,11 0,10 1,10

2003 0,12 0,11 1,13

2008 0,13 0,11 1,26

Gross enrolment ratios & gender parity index at tertiary level, selected years

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Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality

Infant mortality rate remained stable at 53 (2007) deaths per 1000 live births

Under-five mortality rate has risen from 59 (1998) to 104 (2007)per 1000 live births

Proportion of 1-year old children immunised against measles has risen from 68.5 (2001) to 98.3 (2009)

Life expectancy at birth is has dropped

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Goal 4: Reduce Child Mortality

Under-Five Mortality Rate, South Africa 1998, and the 2015 MDG

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Goal 5: Improve Maternal Mortality

Maternal Mortality rate is high and is increasing

Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel increased from 684 766 in 2001 to 935 473 in 2009

Use of modern contraceptive methods by sexually active women has increased from 61.2% (1998) to 64% (2003)

Antenatal care coverage has increased from 76.6 (2001) to above 100%

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Goal 5: Improve Maternal Mortality

Maternal mortality rate in South Africa since 1998, and 2015 MDG

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Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases

The spread of HIV prevalence in South Africa may have stabilised amongst persons 2 years and older

Marked increase in all provinces from 2005 (13.9%) to 2009 (41.6%) in the proportion of people with HIV who had access to ART

In 2006 17% of men had been tested and in 2009 the figure had risen to 31.8%. Amongst women the figure rose from 38% in 2006 to 71.2% in 2009

Death rates associated with TB has risen from 168 per 100 000 population (2004) to 181 (2007) per 100 000

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Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases

9.3

10.3

8.7

8

8

9

9

10

10

11

2002 2005 2008

HIV

pre

vale

nce

(%)

HIV Prevalence Among Population Aged 15-24 Years, South Africa, 2002, 2005 and 2008

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Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability

Number of species threatened with extinction has increased from 676 (1990) to 2458 (2010)

Carbon dioxide emissions have increased from 358 930 Gigagrams in 1994 to 433 527 Gigagrams in 2007

Proportion of population living in slums have remained static

The target for the proportion of population using water from an improved drinking source has been achieved

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Goal 7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability

YEAR

Water Supply from a safe

source (%)

Sanitation at RDP std or higher

(%)

Living in informal dwelling

(%)

Solid fuels for

cooking (%)

Solid fuels for

heating (%)

Connection to the mains electricity (%)

2009 92,4 72,2 13,4 15,7 19,8 82,6

2008 92,0 69,7 14,1 16,4 21,8 81,7

2007 92,7 70,1 15,0 14,4 19,0 81,8

2006 92,2 68,2 14,7 19,7 19,4 80,7

2005 91,7 66,7 15,7 15,8 19,6 80,8

2004 90,8 66,0 11,9 18,6 23,3 80,6

2003 89,8 64,0 12,8 19,5 23,6 78,4

2002 88,7 61,9 13,0 20,0 24,4 76,8

Access to services by households

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Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development

GDP per capita has increased from R22758 (2001) to R49134 (2009)

Foreign Direct Investment as percentage of GDP has dropped from 8.4% in 2001 to 1.4% in 2009

Gross expenditure on R&D as a percentage of GDP has risen to just over 0.9% in 2007

There were 86 cellular subscribers per 100 population in 2007 compared to 18.5 per 100 population in 2001

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Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development

Debt as a percentage of GNI

Source: South African Reserve Bank Quarterly Bulletin

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MDG Reporting: Problems

• MDG process has highlighted the following deficiencies in our distributed statistical

system

– Administrative records systems for producing statistics are still weak

To Illustrate:

– Death Registration (coverage and completeness)

– Environmental indicators dependent on international agencies’ data

– MMR: Maternal Mortality registration systems plagued by

• Plethora of competing sources

• Sources use competing definitions

• Producing contradictory estimates

– NER and GER

• EMIS data still has quality concerns

• Age specific population estimates still called into question

• Assign blame where the numerator & denominator come from differing

sources

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MDG Reporting: Opportunities

• MDGR 2010 affords South Africa an opportunity:

– To institutionalise MDG reporting as part of the country’s National Statistics

System, and

– Place MDGs firmly on the country’s development agenda.

– Adage: ”What gets measured, gets done” (….gets done right)

• Are we measuring what matters?

• Many things are not being done!

– Since MDGR 2010 is data intensive, use the process to strengthen (re-engineer)

the information systems that underpin the statistical information

• This can be done by institutionalising the NCC and SWGs.

• What is required?:

– Commitment to measuring and reporting on the MDGs

– Commitment to build the requisite information infrastructure that allows for

reporting on MDGs

– Build sufficient critical mass (human resources) to achieve the objectives of the

Millennium Declaration

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What is required? (part I)

Address three issues; namely,

1. incorporation of MDGs in policy programmes,

2. data gaps, and

3. data discrepancies.

How do we address data gaps and discrepancies?

• Audit departmental information systems for relevance

– What is collected?

– For what purpose?

– How does it contribute towards informed decision-making?

• Implement systems (in the responsible line ministries) to ensure that they

produce to a defined set of information requirements (i.e. CPI – monetary

policy, GDP – economic growth, GHS – among others, access to services)

• Rationalise competing production systems that add to the confusion

– Reallocate resources

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What is required? (part II)

In the final analysis:

It will require that the various stakeholders in the NSS form closer

relationships among themselves and improve the level of:

I. statistical organisation,

II. coordination, and

III. standardisation

for the purpose of reporting accurately on matters that serve the nation’s

interests.

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Thank You