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The Outbreak of World War I

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Page 1: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

The Outbreak of World War I

Page 2: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Militarism

Alliances

Imperialism

Nationalism

Leading up to World War I

Page 3: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Glorification of the military

Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely

Readiness for war came to dominate national policies

Militarism

Page 4: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Distrust amongst great powers leads to alliances

Intended to create powerful combinations that no one would attack

Two main sets of alliances emerge:Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, ItalyTriple Entente: Great Britain, France, Russia

Alliances

Page 5: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries

Why European focus on Imperialism?EconomicPoliticalCultural

Imperialism

Page 6: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Germany: Proud of new military power & industrial leadership

France: wanted to regain position as Europe’s leading power; sought revenge for “lost provinces”

Russia: promoted idea of Pan-Slavism, felt duty to defend all Slavic people

The Balkans: Rising nationalism creates “powder keg in Europe”

Nationalism

Page 7: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

June 28, 1914: Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary assassinated by Serbian nationalist, Gavrilo Princip

“The Spark”

Page 8: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

July 28, 1914: Austria declares war on Serbia

August 1, 1914: Germany declares war on Russia

August 3, 1914: Germany declares war on France

August 4, 1914: Germany invades Belgium(Schlieffen Plan put in action)Great Britain declares war on Germany

October 28, 1914: Ottoman Empire enters World War I

The war begins

Page 9: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Two Sides in World War ITwo Sides in World War IAllied Powers:Allied Powers: Central Powers:Central Powers:

Page 10: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Allied Powers

1. More Soldiers2. Greater

Industrial Power

3. Superior Navy

4. 32 countries

Advantages of Each Side

Page 11: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

• Central Powers

1. Well-trained Army2. Well equipped Army3. Territory allowed for

rapid troop movement/communication

Page 12: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

World Leaders during WWIWorld Leaders during WWI

Nicholas II [Rus]

Nicholas II [Rus]

George V [Br]George V [Br]

Pres. Poincare [Fr]

Pres. Poincare [Fr]

Allied Powers:Allied Powers:

Franz Josef [A-H]Franz Josef [A-H]

Wilhelm II [Ger]Wilhelm II [Ger]

Victor Emmanuel II [It]

Victor Emmanuel II [It]

Central Powers:Central Powers:

Enver Pasha[O.E.]

Enver Pasha[O.E.]

Page 13: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

German plan to attack France by invading Belgium

Goal was to achieve quick victory against France, avoid fighting a war on two fronts

The Schlieffen Plan

Page 14: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness
Page 15: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Austria-Hungary wanted to punish Serbia

Germany wanted to stand strong behind its ally

Russia saw an attempt to oppress Slavic people

France feared facing Germany alone later on

Great Britain felt compelled to protect Belgium

How the war escalated

Page 16: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

A New Kind of Conflict

Page 17: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness
Page 18: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

September 5, 1914Allies block German offensiveGermans forced to retreat

1st Battle of the Marne (Western Front)

Outcome:1.German plan for

quick victory ruined2.War turns into a

stalemate3.Trench warfare

begins

Page 19: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Trench warfare

Page 20: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Trench warfare

Page 21: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

“No Man’s Land”

Page 22: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Life in the trenches

Page 23: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Life in the trenches

Page 24: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Trench Foot

Page 25: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

February 21 – December 18, 1916Germans launch offensive against the

FrenchOne of longest & most devastating

battlesMore than 500,000 dead

Battle of Verdun

Page 26: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Battle begins July 1, 1916Allied offensive against

GermanyOne of the largest &

bloodiest battles of World War I

Over 1 million troops killed

Battle of the Somme

Page 27: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Machine Gun

Improved Artillery

Weapons of World War I

Page 28: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Poison Gas

Page 29: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Victim of a gas attack

Page 30: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Tanks

U-boats

Page 31: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Airplanes

Zeppelins

Page 32: Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism Glorification of the military Leads to increased suspicions between countries & made war more likely Readiness

Russia suffers from major shortagesFood, clothing, weapons, ammunition

Allies could not ship suppliesBlockade by Central Powers

Russia suffers major casualties

The Eastern Front


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