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I. PENGENALAN ALAT, BEKERJA SECARA ASEPTIK,

STERILISASI DAN PEMBUATAN MEDIA

A. Introduction

1. Latar Bea!an"

Microbiology is a branch of the science of biology that studies

micro-sized creatures or microorganisms. In the microbiology work we

often can not be separated from the tools that are in the laboratory. It isnecessary for an understanding of the functions and properties of the tools

used. Equipment used in microbiology laboratories similar to the

equipment that is commonly used in chemistry labs. Besides knowing the

equipment used is needed also how to work in the laboratory asepticall.

According to ram !"##$ aseptic technique is necessary to pre%ent

microorganisms from contaminants that can inhibit the growth of microbes

. Aseptic technique is used throughout the acti%ity takes place $ both the

tools $ materials $ en%ironment and praktikannya . &or equipment and lab

materials can be applied to the method of sterility . Mastery of aseptic

technique is %ery necessary to the success of the microbiology laboratory $

and it is the beginning of one of the methods are studied by

microbiologists .

Aseptically work $ not in spite of sterilization materials used while

working in the laboratory . 'terilization is generally useful for materials

used in the laboratory free from undesirable microorganisms or free from

contaminants . 'terilization is necessary in creating the media . (he media

ser%es to culti%ate microbes $ isolation $ multiply the number $ e)amine the

attributes and calculating the amount of microbial physiology $ where the

manufacturing process must be sterilized and aseptic methods to apply in

#

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order to a%oid contamination of the media . (he media is a place where the

de%elopment of the organism occurred .

#. Pur$o%e

After doing this practicum students are e)pected to be able to*

a. +now the types of equipment used in microbiology laboratories and

how to use them.

b. ,a%e the basic skills to work aseptically.

c. +nowing the ways of sterilization equipment.

d. +nowing how to manufacture medium and function of each media.

&. Date and Pace o' Practice

raktikum dilaksanakan pada hari 'elasa tanggal " ktober !"#!

pukul #/."" 0IB di 1aboratorium Biologi (anah &akultas ertanian

2ni%ersitas 'ebelas Maret 'urakarta.

B. Too%, Materia%, and Met(od%

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#. (ools *

a. analytical scale

b. stirrer

c. erlenmeyer

d. glass beaker

e. petri dish

f. gas sto%e 3 hot plate stirrer.

!. Materials

a. 4utrient Agar 54A6 *

#6 Beef e)tract g$

!6 eptone / g$

6 Agar #/ g$

76 aquades up to #.""" ml$

/6 4a8l / g.

b. otato 9e)trose Agar 59A6 *

#6 otato g$

!6 eptone / g$

6 Agar #/ g$

76 Aquades up to #""" ml.

. Methods

a. Making 4utrient Agar 54A6

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1) 8hop the potatoes into small parts .

2) 0eigh the medium components using analytical scale

6 repare #"" ml of distilled water which is di%ided into two parts $ one part todissol%e Beef e)tract and peptone and partly to dissol%e the order . It is better

to water in order to dissol%e more .

76 9issol%e agar on some of the water with constant stirring and heat gi%en . 8an

use a gas sto%e or hot plate stirrer 5 not to o%erheat $ as will be formed so that

the e)panding foam and spill 6

/6 Meanwhile$ partially distilled water used to dissol%e the peptone and beefe)tract $ simply by stirring .

:6 nce both are soluble $ the solution was poured into a solution of agar and

stirred until homogeneous .

;6 nce the media is inserted into the erlemenyer flask and sterilized by

autocla%ing

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of aseptic techniques to minimize the material used to contaminants agent . ,owe%er$ the

technical work aseptically not absolutely perfect to eliminate microorganism

contaminants 5?iffiani !"#"6.

'terilization in microbiology means freeing any ob>ect or substance of all life in

any form . &or microbiological purposes in an attempt to obtain sterile conditions $

microorganisms can be turned off by the local thermal 5 heat 6 $ gases such as

formaldehyde $ etilenoksida or betapriolakton by a %ariety of chemical solutions @ by ultra

%iolet rays or gamma rays . Microorganisms can also be mechanically remo%ed by high

speed centrifugation or by filtration . In principle$ sterilization can be done in ways*

mechanical $ physical and chemical 5Budhiyanto !"#!6.

Media and all equipment must be sterilized before use . If not sterile then the

whole media will be contaminated by bacteria and fungi . (here are se%eral kinds of

sterilization $ which should be used depending on the tool and the material . 'terilization

by dry heat $ for e)ample$ this method is only used for tools and equipment glass made of

metal or other material that is not damaged in high temperature . (his sterilization method

used usually by using a drying o%en . Baking o%en can also be used . (he temperature is

appro)imately #:""8 for 7 hours . (he tools will be sterilized carefully wrapped using

aluminum foil before inserting it into the o%en . In addition to the dry heating $

sterilization can also be done with a wet heating . (his method of using a tool called an

autocla%e $ which works with the %apor pressure 5uliarti !"#"6.

'terilization is a way to free things such as tools $ groceries $ ingredients 3

chemicals from pathogenic microorganisms and non- pathogenic . 'ome of the ways in

which such sterilization sterilization tau wet dry $ tyndalisasi $ pasteurization $ direct

flame 5 Bunsen lamp 6 and steaming hot water and pressure . 'terilization is needed in themanufacture of medium and the other aimed at freeing a de%ice $ or substance of

microorganisms . 'terilization can be performed such as by using a Bunsen lamp or

autocla%e $ media or tools that are free of pathogenic microorganisms or not . Based on

the obser%ation of the way in a de%ice or substance mensterilisasikan one of them is by

using an autocla%e which helps sterilize tools and media that will be used 5?idha !"#!6.

'eaweed is an abundant natural resource in Indonesia but has not been optimally

utilized by the community . Marine algae contains many ma>or nutrients such as

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carbohydrates $ proteins and fats . 8arbohydrates are found in many marine algae contain

cellulose and hemicellulose $ which is part of a nutrient that can not be completely

digested by enzymes in the body 5 gi%e a little energy 6 . 4ow with the ad%ancement of

science and technology $ the use of seaweed has e)panded into %arious fields . In

agriculture seaweed useful as organic fertilizer and the manufacture of one of the growing

medium 5(riastinurmiatiningsih !""