APPLICATION OF THE SCALE ON APPLICATION OF THE SCALE ON QUALITY OF LIFE FROM QUALITY OF LIFE FROM

SCHALOCK AND KEITH (1993) IN SCHALOCK AND KEITH (1993) IN ADULTS WITH INTELLECTUAL ADULTS WITH INTELLECTUAL

DISABILITIES IN LABOUR DISABILITIES IN LABOUR CONTEXTSCONTEXTS

12 th IASSID World Congress12 th IASSID World CongressMiguel Ángel Verdugo, Manuela Crespo y Miguel Ángel Verdugo, Manuela Crespo y

Cristina JenaroCristina JenaroINICO. Universidad de Salamanca INICO. Universidad de Salamanca

(SPAIN)(SPAIN)

To determine if different labor situations influence the quality of life.

To determine if some individual characteristic influence the quality of life.

OBJETIVESOBJETIVES

HYPOTHESIS

Higher the labor inclusion, higher the quality of life.

Higher the academic status or training received, higher the quality of life.

Some personal characteristic will be related to a lower quality of life.

Age and sex sociodemographic variables, will not affect to the quality of life.

Some environmental conditions will be related to higher quality of life.

PARTICIPANTSPARTICIPANTS

424 workers with intellectual disability, over 18 years424 workers with intellectual disability, over 18 years

1%

27% 38%

34%

Sup. Emp. Self-emp. Ocupat. C. Shelt. Emp. C.

Participants: Spain RegionsParticipants: Spain Regions

6,4

17

25,9

18,6

15,3

12

4,7

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Andalucía Baleares Castilla-León

Madrid Murcia Principadode Asturias

Valencia

Participants: GenderParticipants: Gender

66,3

33,7

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Male Female

Participants: other characteristics 43,9% between 22 and 30 years of age.

More than 80% live in family homes.

Almost half of the sample live in homes with 3 to 4 members.

38,2% in the Primary Education.

90,1% have intellectual disability.

70,8% do not show behavior problems.

63% work in services, and 38,9% have a contract.

Almost half of the sample need some adaptations.

Participants: Participants: Academic background

162

85

11

104

7

55

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Primary Spec.Ed.

Vocat.Traning

Occp.Train.

WorkTrain.

Notavailab.

Participants: Participants: Level of disability

8

108

185

96

2

25

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Severe Moderate Mild Borderline Unknown Notavailab.

SCHALOCK AND KEITH (1993) QUALITY OF SCHALOCK AND KEITH (1993) QUALITY OF LIFE QUESTIONNAIRELIFE QUESTIONNAIRE

Assesses the quality of life perceived by adults with Assesses the quality of life perceived by adults with and without intellectual disabilitiesand without intellectual disabilities..

It is composed of 40 items grouped into 4 scales:It is composed of 40 items grouped into 4 scales: Satisfaction ScaleSatisfaction Scale Competence/Productivity ScaleCompetence/Productivity Scale Self-determination/Independence ScaleSelf-determination/Independence Scale Social Belonging/Community Integration Scale.Social Belonging/Community Integration Scale.

RELIABILITYRELIABILITY

Internal consistency was calculated:Internal consistency was calculated: Split-half correlation with Spearman-Brown Split-half correlation with Spearman-Brown

correction: coefficients higher than correction: coefficients higher than .80-.80- Cronbach’s Alpha: Cronbach’s Alpha: = .83 = .83

Reliability among judges:Reliability among judges: Cronbach’s Alpha: Cronbach’s Alpha: = .97 = .97..

Agreement among expert judgesAgreement among expert judges

High agreement concerning to the belonging of High agreement concerning to the belonging of the items to one or anotherthe items to one or another categorycategory : : = .95. = .95.

Acceptable agreement regarding Acceptable agreement regarding intensity:intensity: = .33.= .33.

High agreement in relation to theHigh agreement in relation to the valency:valency: = .84.= .84.

Items of the original Questionnaire are maintained attheir corresponding factors

RELIABILITYRELIABILITY

QUESTIONNAIRE ALPHA

Satisfaction .70

Competence / Productivity .85

Self-determination/Independence .68

Social Belonging/Community Integration .63

Total Score .87

VALIDITYVALIDITY

Content validity:Content validity: bibliographicalbibliographical revision:revision: quality of life includes quality of life includes

aspects related to welfare, satisfaction and aspects related to welfare, satisfaction and social integration.social integration.

consultation to judges:consultation to judges: = .97. = .97.

Construct validity:Construct validity: factor analysis:factor analysis: correct match between items correct match between items

and scalesand scales..

PROCEDURE

1. 1. First appointment and ca´´for participationFirst appointment and ca´´for participation: To explain the objectives of the researchTo explain the objectives of the research..

To respond to their questionsTo respond to their questions..

To resolve their doubtsTo resolve their doubts.. 2. Application of the Questionnaire:Application of the Questionnaire:

Members of INICO.Members of INICO. Professionals from the centers.Professionals from the centers.

3. Analysis of data: ANOVA.

RESULTS RESULTS (I)(I)

Competence /ProductivityScale

Self-determination /Independence Scale

SatisfactionScale

SocialBelonging /I.CommunityIntegrationScale.

Total Qualityof life

Context labor

Formation received

Level od intellectualdisability

Intellectualdisabilitymain orassociate

Behavior problems

Severity of behaviorproblems

Age

Gender

**sinificant, with p<0,01; *significant, with p<0,05

RESULTS (I)RESULTS (I)•Competence/Competence/•Productivity Productivity

ScaleScale

•Self-Self-determination/ determination/ Independence Independence

ScaleScale

•Satisfaction Satisfaction ScaleScale

•Social Social Belonging/ Belonging/ Community Community

Integration ScaleIntegration Scale

•Total quality of Total quality of lifelife

•Context laborContext labor

•W = 23,87W = 23,87•DA. = 20,92DA. = 20,92•SE = 23,88SE = 23,88

•F = 11,362**F = 11,362**

•WW = 23,31= 23,31

•DA = 22,41DA = 22,41•SE= 21,32SE= 21,32

•F = 10,088**F = 10,088**

•W = 90,80W = 90,80•DA = 87,16DA = 87,16•SE = 88,58SE = 88,58•F = 3,712*F = 3,712*

•Formation Formation receivedreceived

•FP = 23,87FP = 23,87•EE = 20,92EE = 20,92•OF = 23,85OF = 23,85

•Other = 24,11Other = 24,11•F = 7,704**F = 7,704**

•FP = 23,31FP = 23,31•EE = 22,41EE = 22,41•OF = 20,92OF = 20,92

•Other = 22,67Other = 22,67•F = 9,184*F = 9,184*

•FP = 90,80FP = 90,80•EE = 87,16EE = 87,16•OF = 88,19OF = 88,19

•Other = 90,56Other = 90,56•F = 2,765*F = 2,765*

•Level of Level of intellectual intellectual disabilitydisability

•Moderate = Moderate = 21,0021,00

•Light = 24,27Light = 24,27•Límit = 24,16Límit = 24,16•F = 18,451**F = 18,451**

•Moderate = Moderate = 20,3120,31

•Light = 22,87Light = 22,87•Límit = 24,97Límit = 24,97•F = 49,435**F = 49,435**

•Moderate = Moderate = 19,4419,44

•Light = 20,58Light = 20,58•Límit = 20,68Límit = 20,68

•F = 4,162*F = 4,162*

•Moderate = Moderate = 84,7684,76

•Light = 91,19Light = 91,19•Límit = 92,79Límit = 92,79•F = 19,929**F = 19,929**

•Behavior Behavior problemsproblems

•No = 23,94No = 23,94•Yes = 21,64Yes = 21,64

•F = 19,933**F = 19,933**

•No = 23,05No = 23,05•Yes = 21,24Yes = 21,24•F =21,343**F =21,343**

•No = 23,91No = 23,91•Yes = 22,55Yes = 22,55

•F = 15,545**F = 15,545**

•No = 91,32No = 91,32•Yes = 85,42Yes = 85,42

•F = 29,911**F = 29,911**

•Severity of Severity of behavior behavior problemsproblems

•No = 24,38No = 24,38•Light = 21,66Light = 21,66•Mean = 19,79Mean = 19,79•F = 18,388**F = 18,388**

•No = 22,64No = 22,64•Light = 21,20Light = 21,20•Mean = 21,00Mean = 21,00

•F = 5,293**F = 5,293**

•No = 23,69No = 23,69•Light = 22,10Light = 22,10•Mean = 21,79Mean = 21,79

•F = 8,444**F = 8,444**

•No = 90,97No = 90,97•Light = 11,85Light = 11,85•Mean = 81,52Mean = 81,52

•F =16,977F =16,977

•AgeAge

•16-21 = 20,3116-21 = 20,31•22-30 = 20,7322-30 = 20,73•31-40 = 20,1531-40 = 20,15•41-50 = 19,4241-50 = 19,42•+ 50 = 18,74+ 50 = 18,74

•F = 2,383*F = 2,383*

•16-21 = 90,6616-21 = 90,66•22-30 = 90,6622-30 = 90,66•31-40 = 89,2431-40 = 89,24•41-50 = 85,6041-50 = 85,60•+ 50 = 87,68+ 50 = 87,68

•F = 2,537*F = 2,537*** Significant, with p<0,01; * Significant, with p<0,05

RESULTS (II)RESULTS (II)

Competence /ProductivityScale

Self-determination /Independence Scale

SatisfactionScale

SocialBelonging /CommunityIntegrationScale

Total quality oflife

Residential status

Number of familymembersLabor situation

Activity sector

Work

remuneration

Adaptations

**significant, with p<0,01; * significant, with p<0,05

RESULTS (II)RESULTS (II)

**Significant, with p<0,01; * Significant, with p<0,05

•Competence/Competence/•Productivity Productivity

ScaleScale

•Self-Self-determination/ determination/ Independence Independence

ScaleScale

•Satisfaction Satisfaction ScaleScale

•Social Social Belonging/ Belonging/ Community Community

Integration ScaleIntegration Scale

•Total quality of Total quality of lifelife

•Residential Residential statusstatus

•Fam. house.= Fam. house.= 22,4322,43

•Piso tut. = Piso tut. = 22,8122,81

•Residencia = Residencia = 20,0020,00

•Independ. = Independ. = 26,7126,71

•Other = 23,42Other = 23,42•F = 8,150**F = 8,150**

•Fam. house.= Fam. house.= 89,8489,84

•Piso tut. = 87,25Piso tut. = 87,25•Residencia = Residencia =

82,1582,15•Independ.. = Independ.. =

94,8294,82•Other = 89,08Other = 89,08

•F = 3,938*F = 3,938*

•Labor situationLabor situation

•A. Stable = A. Stable = 23,9323,93

•A. Temp. = A. Temp. = 23,5523,55

•Other = 20,86Other = 20,86•F = 25,102**F = 25,102**

•A. Stable = A. Stable = 92,9992,99

•A. Temp. = A. Temp. = 91,7491,74

•Other = 89,93Other = 89,93•F = 3,683*F = 3,683*

•WorkWork

•Manufact. = Manufact. = 24,1924,19

•Deposito. = Deposito. = 24,4724,47

•Coffee house Coffee house = 25,29= 25,29

•Maintenance= Maintenance= 24,8624,86

•Other = 22,38Other = 22,38•F = 6,027**F = 6,027**

•Manufact. = Manufact. = 22,3422,34

•Depository = Depository = 23,5823,58

•Coffee house = Coffee house = 24,9624,96

•maintenance= maintenance= 22,8822,88

•Other = 22,15Other = 22,15•F = 3,825*F = 3,825*

•Manufact. = Manufact. = 89,8989,89

•Depository = Depository = 89,8989,89

•Coffee house = Coffee house = 95,3395,33

•Maintenance= Maintenance= 90,8990,89

•Other = 88,62Other = 88,62•F = 2,715*F = 2,715*

•AdaptationAdaptation•Yes = 24,55Yes = 24,55•No = 25,14No = 25,14

•F =13,589**F =13,589**

•Yes = 90,48Yes = 90,48•No = 93,44No = 93,44

•F = 10,378**F = 10,378**

SUMMARYSUMMARY

The higher the labor inclusion, the higher the global quality of life, competence and self-determination.

Academic background influences the global quality of life, competence and self-determination.

Some individual characteristic are related to lower quality of life, competence and self-determination.

Gender does not affect the quality of life.

Some environmental conditions are related to higher quality of life and greater self-determination.

DISCUSSION

The Quality of Life Scale allows measure the quality of life of Spanish adults with intellectual disability.

Participants are satisfied with their working status and they are interested in learning activities

It is necessary to provide the required supports and adaptations.

It is necessary to promote a change of attitudes in the community.