migration of animals
DESCRIPTION
About the amazing and spell bounding migratory process of animalsTRANSCRIPT
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MIGRATION OF ANIMALS
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PRESENTED BY
• Srijani Dey(12100311055)• Rajib Bhowmik(12100311045)• Sounak Chatterjee(12100311053)• Sayan
Basuchowdhury(12100311047)
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Animal Migration
What is it that makes animal migration such a magnificent spectacle for the eye and the mind?
Is it the sheer abundance of wildlife in motion?
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The answer is all of the above.
But there’s another reason why the long-distance journeys of
wild beasts and so many other species inspire our awe.
It is the “undistractibility” of migrating animals.
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Migration
• Animal migration is the relatively long-distance movement of individuals, usually on a seasonal basis.
• It is found in all major animal groups.
• It can be also defined as :- • A movement leading to the redistribution of individuals
within a population.
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Reasons for migration
• Resources on Earth fluctuate. Plants – or other meals – may be abundant, but only for a short time.
• Warm summer months may be followed by inhospitable cold.
• The best place to give birth or hatch young may not be a
good place to find food.
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Types of migration
• Migration can be either obligate or facultative
• Complete and partial migration
• Irregular or non-cyclical migration
• Multiple generation migration
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Bird Of the Sun :The Arctic Tern
Makes the longest migration ever recorded on earth.
• Flies from its Arctic breeding grounds to the Antarctic and back again each year.
• The annual round trip of this small seabird is approximately 71000 kilometers.
• Thus in its whole lifetime, it makes a journey equivalent to 3 return journeys to the Moon!
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Siberian Cranes
• Makes the longest migration among the cranes.
• Travels nearly half of the globe to the Keoladeo National park in India to spend the winter months.
• Their migration route stretches for 4000 miles.
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Monarch butterfly : Born To Move
• Known for its extraordinary long migrations.
• The longest recorded flight for a tagged adult is 2,900 km
• Their annual migration takes four generations to complete.
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Massive Migration
The Mali Elephant takes on the longest elephant migration on earth.
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Sea Turtle Migration
• The leatherback turtle is the record holder, traveling an astounding 10,000 miles.
• Crosses the entire Pacific Ocean from Asia to the West Coast of US .
• Green sea turtles migrate 2000 miles to reach their spawning grounds.
• Mature turtles often return to the exact beach from which they hatched.
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Hilsha : Bengali delicacy
• During the monsoon and consequent flooding of all the rivers, Hilsa shad starts its spawning migration upstream.
• Hilsha migrates at least 1,200 km up in some river system in Indian sub-continent. Distances of 50-100 km are more typical in Bangladesh.
• A mature Hilsa shad lays 0.1-2.0 million eggs in fresh water.
• Hatching takes place in about 23 to 26 hours at an average temperature of 23 C.
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Caribou : The Reindeer
• The animals may move in smaller groups (not more than 50) on the mainland of Canada.
• They travel 1,200 km (746 mi) in a season.
• Those living on Victoria Island during the summer, migrate to the mainland in the fall after the sea ice has formed.
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Polar Bears: The iconic symbol of Svalbard
Largest predator found on land.
• The polar bears of Hudson Bay, Canada, arrive on land early in the summer and leave later in the autumn.
• Each October, the Canadian town of Churchill in Manitoba plays host to a thousand hungry polar bears.
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Migrating Wildebeest
• The blue wildebeest migrates annually from Kenya to northern South Africa.
• About 250000 wildebeests die each year when they cross the Grameti River.
• They become the chief source of food for Nile crocodiles.
• The crocodiles feed only once a year, when blue wildebeests arrive during their annual migration.
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Emperor Penguin : The largest migratory penguin species
• Emperor Penguin follows a long migration path to Antarctica away from their home by the edge of the sea.
• They do so because during the fall Emperor Penguins mate and the female lays an egg.
• They migrate inland away from water as the egg hatches. • So that there is more ice under the newborn penguin's feet and
much less chance of it falling through into the ocean.
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Migration in celluloid
• Ice Age 2 • The Land Before Time
• March of the Penguins
• Winged migration
• Great Migrations
• Oceans
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RenownedMigratory places in West
Bengal• Indian botanic garden,Howrah.• Santragachi Jheel,Howrah.• Nalban fishery complex• Chintamani Kar Bisrd Sanctuary,Narendrapur• IIM Joka area• Purbasthali• Boshipota
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Perilous Journeys
• The caribou of arctic regions are hunted by Inuit who
intercept herds along seasonal migration routes.
• Skyscrapers and radio towers have caused the deaths of
hundreds of thousands of migrating birds.
• Dam construction in certain areas has made it impossible for fish to swim upstream to spawning areas.
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Lets allow Them to Continue their Journey a little Longer..
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References
• arctictern.info• seeturtles.org• en.wikipedia.org• migration.wordpress.com• bbc.co.uk• photography.nationalgeogra
phic.com• animals.nationalgeographic.
co.in• webecoist.momtastic.com
• Bird Migration: A General Survey, P. Berthold
• infoplease.com• The Evolutionary Ecology of
Animal Migration ,R. R. Baher
• Migration: The Biology of Life on the Move, H. Dingle
• Animal Migration, D. J. Aidley
• nature.com
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Acknowledgements
We owe our deepest gratitude to Prof. Daliya Mazumdar , Humanities Department, Bengal Institute of Technology, for her able guidance and useful suggestions, which helped us in completing the presentation , in time .We would also like to thank our parents for their blessings, our friends/classmates for their advices and wishes for the successful completion of the presentation.
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THANK YOU