Migration•Migration is a form of mobility•Geographers document where people migrate to and from across the space of the earth •Geographers are especially interested in whypeople migrate.

Cyclic Movement Personal

Cyclical Movement- journeys that begin at our home and take us back to our home.

A majority of people have a daily routine that takes them to different places within a local area.

Human geographers label this a person’s activity space.

Activity Space- The space within which daily activity occurs.

Cyclic Movement Population

Cyclic Movement Population

Movement of people from Canada and the Northern United States to Florida and other Sunbelt states for the winter.

Periodic Movement

Similar to Cyclic Movement (starts and ends at “home”)

Involves a longer period of time away from home.

Can you think of some examples this would apply to?

Periodic Movement

College

Migrant Labor

Flow of Migration

Always involves a two-way connection People move from “Location A” to

“Location B” At the same time, people move from

“Location B” to “Location A”

Net Migration

Emigration• Migration FROM a location

Immigration• Migration TO a location

The difference between these two groups (emigrants and immigrants) results in the NET MIGRATION.

Net Migration Example

“Country A” has 1 million emigrants and 1.5 million immigrants

In this scenario the number of immigrants (1.5 m) exceeds the number of emigrants (1 m).

There are more people coming IN to the country than going OUT of the country.

Human geographers label this as net-in migration.

Net Migration Example

“Country B” has 1.25 million emigrants and 1.2 million immigrants.

In this scenario the number of emigrants exceeds the number of immigrants.

There are more people going OUT of the country than there are people coming IN to the country.

Human geographers label this as net-out migration.

Review of Diffusion

Diffusion- the spatial spreading a cultural element (e.g. technological innovation) or some other phenomenon (e.g. a disease outbreak).

Because of technological breakthroughs in communication and transportation human geographers have tried to label different types of diffusion.

Relocation Diffusion- the spreading of a cultural element or other phenomenon through bodily movement of people from one area to another.

Migration is a specific type of Relocation Diffusion.

Question

If people can participate in the globalization of culture and economy regardless of place and of residence, why do they still migrate in large numbers?

PLACE

PLACE is still very important! Within a global economy an individuals

ability to earn a living varies from place to place.

Within a global culture, people migrate to escape from domination by other cultural groups

Immigration Post 9/11

Since September 11, 2001, many countries have cracked down on immigration, making legal and illegal immigration more difficult.

The cultural landscape of the border region is now changing.

Tijuana and San Diego

Nogales (between Arizona and Mexico)

The New York Times reported that the architecture group that made this wall followed strict government requirements that the wall be aesthetically pleasing to “evoke the friendship” between the two countries while also making it “resistant to physical assault by means such as welding torches, chisel, hammers, firearms, climbing over or penetration with vehicles.”

Nogales Fence

From the AP 2011

Remittances

Remittances- Monies the migrants send home to family.