midwest vegetable trial report for 2018 trial reports/2018/08_01_guan_watermelon...watermelon...

Midwest Vegetable Trial Report for 2018

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2018 Watermelon Variety Evaluation in Indiana Wenjing Guan, Daniel S. Egel, Dennis Nowaskie, Curtis Marchino

Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center, Vincennes, IN, 47591, [email protected]

Introduction Watermelon production in Indiana ranked sixth in harvested area in the U.S. A total of 6,800 acres of watermelons were planted in Indiana in 2017 with a total production value of $29 million (USDA 2018). Variety selection based on yield, disease resistance and fruit quality is one of the key decisions in watermelon production. The objective of this study is to provide Indiana watermelon producers, as well as seed companies, with the updated information on performances of watermelon varieties grown in Indiana. Materials and Methods A typical-size triploid watermelon variety trial, a personal-size watermelon variety trial and a diploid watermelon variety trial were conducted in 2018 at the Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center in Vincennes, IN. Varieties and seed sources are provided in Table 1. Randomized complete block designs with three replications were used for the trials. Experimental plots of the typical-size triploid and diploid watermelons were comprised of 48-ft bed that was spaced on 8 ft centers. Each experimental plot included 12 watermelon plants on 4 ft in-row spacing. Pollenizers were interplanted between every two triploid plants in the same row. The experimental plot of personal-size watermelons was comprised of three 16-ft rows spaced on 6 ft centers. Plants were planted 2 ft apart for a total of 24 plants per plot. Pollenizers were planted in one row of every three rows of personal-size triploid watermelons. Pollenizer ‘SP-7’ was used for both the typical-size and personal-size watermelon trials. All the seeds were planted in 50-cell black seeding flats filled with a peat-based potting media (Metro-Mix® 360, a mixture of sphagnum peat moss, coarse perlite, bark ash, starter fertilizer and dolomite). Transplants were grown in greenhouses at the Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center (SWPAC). Seedling dates and transplanting dates are provided in Table 2. Soil type of the experimental field is sandy loam with 0.8 percent organic matter. Soybean was previously grown in the field in 2017. The field was fumigated with 85.5% chloropicrin (Pic Plus Fumigant®, TriEst Ag Group, Inc.) with the rate of 150 lbs/acre at 12-inch depth in fall 2017. Plants were grown on raised beds covered with black plastic mulch. Personal-size watermelon and diploid watermelon variety trials, and two of the three replications of the typical-size triploid watermelon variety trial were irrigated. Drip tape with a 12-inch emitter spacing and flow rate of 0.22 gpm/100 feet were used for irrigation. During transplanting, each plant received approximately one cup of starter fertilizer solution (Miracle-Gro®, 4.7 grams per gallon water). Fertilizers at the rate of 250 lb/acre urea (46-0-0), 100 lb/acre potash (0-0-60), 100 lb/acre diammonium phosphate (18-46-0), 200 lb/acre pelletized lime, 100 lb/acre K-Mag granular (0-0-22-11-22), 7 lb/acre boron 14.3% and 10 lb/acre Zinc 10% LS were pre-plant broadcast applied prior to laying black plastic mulch. Diseases and insects were managed by scouting and using recommendations from Melcast (melcast.info) and the Midwest Vegetable Production Guide for Commercial Growers (Egel et


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al., 2018). Bravo®, Luna Experience® and Cabrio® were rotationally sprayed for disease control. No insecticides were applied during the season. Harvests were conducted once a week. Triploid watermelons were harvested on July 19, July 26, Aug. 2 and Aug. 9. Personal-size watermelons were harvested on July 25, Aug. 1, Aug. 8, and Aug. 13. Diploid watermelons were harvested on July 16, July 23, July 30, Aug. 6 and Aug. 13. Fruit were weighed individually. Four fruit of each variety per replication were collected during peak harvest for fruit quality measurement. Fruit size and rind thickness were recorded. Total soluble solids were measured with a digital refractometer. Flesh firmness was measured using a force gauge with 11 mm diameter tip. Hollow heart severity was evaluated using a 1-5 scale: 1. none; 2. carpel separation evident; 3. one large gap evident; 4. more than 2 large gaps; 5. severe. Seedlessness was evaluated by counting black hard seeds on cutting surfaces of quartered melons. Analysis of variance was performed using the Proc ANOVA procedure of SAS. Fisher’s least significant difference test (α = 0.05) was conducted for multiple comparisons of different measurements among watermelon varieties. Results and Discussions Typical-size triploid watermelons Except varieties ORS6203 and ORS6064F, marketable yields of triploid watermelon varieties ranged from 61,658 to 40,757 lbs/acre in 2018 (Figure 1). Tailgate and Bottle Rocket yielded above 60,000 lbs/acre. Varieties that had marketable yields between 55,000 lbs/acre and 60,000 lbs/acre were Traveler, Red Amber, Orange Crisp, Wolverine, Excursion, Summer Breeze, 7187, 9651, and Embasy (Table 3). In the first harvest, varieties Bottle Rocket, Joy Ride, ORS6260d, Warrior, Kingman, Charismatic and Excursion had higher yields than the other varieties (Table 5). Varieties that had the highest sugar content were Unbridled, Summer Breeze, Wolverine, Red Garnet, and two breeding lines (ORS6181b and ORS60.599) from Origene. However, ORS6181b and ORS60.599 showed uneven fruit ripening. Hollow heart was observed on several varieties this year. A total of 8.5 inches of rain occurred from May 29 to June 29 may have contributed to the hollow heart problem. Yellow and orange flesh watermelon varieties Amarillo, Orange Crisp and Treasure Chest had the most severe hollow heart symptoms. No hollow heart was observed on varieties Bottle Rocket, Tailgate, Exclamation, Maxima, and ORS6260d (Table 6). Top yield triploid watermelon varieties in the 2018 variety trial: Tailgate and Bottle Rocket are newer varieties from Seminis. Bottle Rocket was also in our evaluation in 2017. It consistently yielded well in both years. Tailgate and Bottle Rocket have dark green mottle striped rind pattern (Figure 2). Average fruit weight in this trial for Tailgate and Bottle Rocket was 18.5 and 17.4 lb (Table 4), respectively. They are relatively large size watermelons. Specifically, Tailgate that had a total of 57% fruit in 36 and 30 count categories. Sugar content for both varieties were moderately high, the values of flesh firmness were also moderately high. No hollow heart fruit was observed for either variety. Bottle Rocket had the


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highest yield in the first harvest in 2018, but the trend for early ripeness of Bottle Rocket was not observed in 2017. Traveler from Harris Moran has been in our evaluations since 2013. It was the third highest yielding variety in the 2018 trial. It was also one of the top yielding varieties in 2016 variety trial. In the 2015 variety trial in which Fusarium wilt affected the yields of many watermelon varieties, Traveler showed better tolerance to the disease and yielded well. Regardless of the high yield potential, sugar content of this variety was moderately low in 2018 as well as in previous trials. Fruit size of Traveler was smaller compared with other high yielding varieties. Average fruit weights ranged from 12.9 to 15.1 lb in our evaluations, most of the fruit were in 60 and 45 count categories. Red Amber is a relatively new variety developed by Enza Zaden. It was evaluated in our trials in 2017 and 2018. Two entries of Red Amber were received in 2018. Data presented in this report were averages from the two entries. Red Amber was the highest yield variety in 2017 variety trial. It consistently yielded well in the 2018 trial. Red Amber has medium green mottle striped rind pattern. Average fruit size in 2017 and 2018 trial were 16.1 and 16.6 lb, respectively. Majority of the fruit were in 45 count category. Sugar content of Red Amber was moderately low in both 2017 and 2018 trials. Excursion is a relatively newer variety from Syngenta. It was evaluated in our trials in 2016, 2017 and 2018, and it was consistently ranked among the top yield varieties in the three years. Excursion produced large size watermelons, average fruit weight ranged from 17.4 to 17.7 lb in our evaluations. More than 50% fruit were in 36 count category or larger. Excursion was approved to be an early-ripening variety in our trials. It had consistently high yields in the first harvest in the three years. Sugar content of Excursion was in the lower range in our evaluations. 9651 (Nunhems) is a sugar baby type watermelon with solid green background and very faint stripes. Variety 9651 consistently had high yield in the 2017 and 2018 trials. Average fruit weight was 17 and 15.7 lb in 2018 and 2017 trial, respectively. It had medium sugar content. Embasy (Nunhems) is another variety that had consistently high yield in our trials in the past three years. Average fruit size ranged from 14.6 to 16.7 lb. Majority of the fruit was in 45 count category. Embasy had the dark green mottle striped rind. It had medium sugar content. Wolverine (Highmark) has been in our evaluations since 2013. It was one of the top yielding varieties in the 2018 trial, but high yield potential was not consistent in the previous trials. Average fruit weight for Wolverine ranged from 14.5 to 16.6 lb in our evaluations. Majority of the fruit was in 60 count category in the current trial. Sugar content and flesh firmness were relatively high for Wolverine compared to other watermelon varieties. However, hollow heart was severe on Wolverine in the 2018 trial. About half of the 12 evaluated fruit exhibited hollow heart symptoms.


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Personal-size watermelons Yield of personal-size watermelons ranged from 75,927 to 49,543 lbs/acre (Table 7). The highest yield variety was Tigris, followed by Sirus Mini, and Extazy. Sirus Mini had more black seeds than other varieties (Table 9). Premium is a diploid variety. Tigris, Premium and Sirus Mini had the largest fruit size with average fruit weight more than 9 lb (Table 8). Ocelot and Ladybelle had more than 20% fruit less than 6 lb and average fruit weight were significantly less compared to other varieties. Extazy had thicker rind compared to other varieties. Ocelot and Premium had the highest sugar content while Tigris, 50025 and Headstart Mini Bee had relatively lower sugar content. No hollow heart symptoms were detected on variety 50025, 50027, Cheetah, and Tigris. Diploid watermelons Santa Matilde had the highest marketable yield among diploid watermelons, but it was not significantly different from other red flesh diploid watermelons (Table 10). Santa Matilde also had the highest value on average fruit weight. Yield of Sorbet Swirl was the lowest. Sorbet Swirl and Black Seeded Ice Cream had the smallest fruit size. Orangeglo had the most severe hollow heart symptoms among all the diploid watermelons (Table 11). References Egel, D., R. Foster, E. Maynard, R., et al. 2018 Midwest Vegetable Production Guide for Commercial Growers, 2018 (ID-56). Purdue University.

USDA, 2018. National Agricultural Statistics Service. Vegetables 2017 Summary. < http://usda.mannlib.cornell.edu/usda/current/VegeSumm/VegeSumm-02-13-2018.pdf>.

Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank Barbara Joyner, Angie Thompson, Bill Davis, and Alex Plummer for their invaluable technical assistance with the variety trial. We also want to extend our appreciation to seed companies involved for financial support, and to TriEst Inc. for providing soil fumigation service.


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Table 1. Varieties and seed sources for typical-size triploid watermelon, personal-size watermelon, and diploid watermelon in the 2018 watermelon variety trials in Indiana.

Watermelon Variety Seed Source Typical-size triploid watermelon varieties

7187 Nunhems/Bayer 7197 Nunhems/Bayer 9651 Nunhems/Bayer

51019 Hazera Amarillo Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center

Bottle Rocket Seminis Captivation Syngenta Charismatic Sakata

Embasy Nunhems/Bayer Exclamation Syngenta

Excursion Syngenta Fascination Syngenta

Fenway Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center Joy Ride Seminis Kingman Sakata Maxima Origene

Orange Crisp Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center ORS60.599 Origene ORS6064F Origene ORS6151 Origene

ORS6181b Origene ORS6203 Origene

ORS6260d Origene Red Amber Enza Zaden and Seedway Red Garnet Enza Zaden Red Opal Seedway Road Trip Seminis Secretariat Sakata

Summer Breeze Seminis SV0241WA Seminis

Tailgate Seminis Traveler Harris Moran

Treasure Chest Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center


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Turnpike Harris Moran Unbridled Sakata

USAW 16095 US Agriseeds Warrior Nunhems/Bayer

Wolverine HighMark Personal-size watermelons

Extazy Hazera Tigris Hazera Ocelot Hazera

Cheetah Hazera 50025 Hazera 50027 Hazera

Premium* Nunhems/Bayer Ladybelle Nunhems/Bayer

Headstart Mini Bee Seedway Sirus Mini Seedway

Diploid watermelons

Reya Seminis Santa Matilde Seminis

Zeugma Seminis Sentinel Seminis Sangria Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center

Crimson Sweet Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center Baby Doll Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center Orangeglo Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center

Sorbet Swirl Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center Black Seeded Ice Cream Southwest Purdue Agricultural Center

* Premium is a diploid watermelon, the other personal-size watermelons are triploid.


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Table 2. Seedling and transplanting dates of triploid watermelons, personal-size watermelons, diploid watermelons and pollenizers in the 2018 watermelon variety trials in Indiana.

Watermelons Seedling Dates Transplanting Dates Typical size triploid watermelon April 19 May 15 Personal size watermelon April 20 May 16 Diploid watermelon April 17 May 16 Pollenizer April 16 May 15 and May 16


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Table 3. Marketable and total yields of typical-size triploid watermelons in the 2018 watermelon variety trial in Indiana.

Variety Marketable weight (lbs/acre)

Marketable number per acre

Total weight (lbs/acre)

Total number per acre

7187 55,282 abcdefz 3,289.8 abcdef 55,282 abcdefg 3,289.8 bcdef

7197 48,893 bcdefgh 3,025.1 cdefg 49,548 bcdefghi 3,062.9 defg

9651 55,255 abcdef 3,251.9 abcdef 56,069 abcdefg 3,327.6 bcdef

51019 50,636 abcdefgh 3,025.1 cdefg 50,636 bcdefghi 3,025.1 defg

Amarillo 53,561 abcdefg 3,630.1 abc 55,682 abcdefg 3,819.1 abc

Bottle Rocket

61,640 a 3,554.5 abcd 62,349 a 3,592.3 abcde

Captivation 48,589 bcdefgh 3,062.9 cdefg 49,951 bcdefghi 3,138.5 def

Charismatic 54,753 abcdef 3,478.8 abcdef 55,120 abcdefg 3,516.6 abcdef

Embasy 55,173 abcdef 3,289.8 abcdef 55,520 abcdefg 3,327.6 bcdef

Exclamation 48,791 bcdefgh 2,911.6 defgh 49,098 cdefghi 2,949.4 efg

Excursion 57,968 abcd 3,289.8 abcdef 58,406 abcde 3,327.6 bcdef

Fascination 47,051 cdefgh 2,873.8 efgh 47,051 efghi 2,873.8 fg

Fenway 42,718 gh 3,289.8 abcdef 42,718 hi 3,289.8 bcdef

Joy Ride 54,729 abcdef 3,251.9 abcdef 56,368 abcdefg 3,365.4 abcdef

Kingman 53,281 abcdefg 3,516.6 abcde 54,587 abcdefg 3,630.1 abcd

Maxima 43,802 fgh 2,344.4 hi 44,712 ghi 2,420.1 gh

Orange Crisp

58,368 abcd 3,819.1 ab 59,148 abcd 3,894.8 ab

ORS60.599 40,757 h 1,928.5 i 41,165 i 1,966.3 h

ORS6064F 17,685 i 1,247.8 j 17,991 j 1,285.7 i

ORS6151 48,015 cdefgh 3,062.9 cdefg 48,015 defghi 3,062.9 defg

ORS6181b 46,826 defgh 2,457.9 ghi 46,826 efghi 2,457.9 gh

ORS6203 10,700 i 680.6 j 12,577 j 831.9 i

ORS6260d 52,633 abcdefg 2,836.0 fgh 53,690 abcdefgh 2,911.6 fg

Red Amber 58,433 abc 3,516.5 abcde 59,208 abc 3,592.0 abcde

Red Garnet 46,911 defgh 3,062.9 cdefg 46,911 efghi 3,062.9 defg


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Red Opal 54,118 abcdefg 3,365.4 abcdef 54,410 abcdefg 3,406.2 abcdef

Road Trip 51,555 abcdefgh 3,251.9 abcdef 51,925 abcdefghi 3,289.8 bcdef

Secretariat 44,493 fgh 3,062.9 cdefg 45,347 ghi 3,138.5 def

Summer Breeze

57,482 abcde 3,592.3 abc 58,471 abcde 3,667.9 abcd

SV0241WA 45,983 efgh 3,138.5 cdef 46,445 fghi 3,176.3 cdef

Tailgate 61,658 a 3,327.6 abcdef 62,394 a 3,406.2 abcdef

Traveler 58,703 abc 3,894.8 a 60,157 abc 4,008.2 a

Treasure Chest

53,884 abcdefg 3,214.1 bcdef 53,884 abcdefgh 3,214.1 cdef

Turnpike 53,653 abcdefg 3,176.3 bcdef 53,653 abcdefgh 3,176.3 cdef

Unbridled 49,905 bcdefgh 3,025.1 cdefg 50,950 abcdefghi 3,138.5 def

USAW 16095

44,309 fgh 3,251.9 abcdef 45,399 ghi 3,365.4 abcdef

Warrior 53,343 abcdefg 3,176.3 bcdef 53,343 abcdefgh 3,176.3 cdef

Wolverine 58,257 abcd 3,516.6 abcde 58,818 abcd 3,592.3 abcde

z Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher’s least significant difference test at P ≤ 0.05.


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Table 4. Average fruit weight and percentages of fruit in weight categories of typical-size triploid watermelons in the 2018 watermelon variety trial in Indiana.

Typical size triploid watermelon

varieties

Average fruit weight

(lb)z

< 9 lby

9-13.5 lb (60

count)

13.6-17.5 lb

(45 count)

17.6-21.4 lb

(36 count)

> 21.5 lb (30

count) 7187 16.8 defgx 0 24 29 33 14 7197 16.2 defghi 0 27 33 17 23 9651 17.0 def 0 22 34 36 7

51019 16.7 defgh 0 11 41 41 7 Amarillo 14.7 jklm 0 39 33 24 3

Bottle Rocket 17.4 cde 0 12 40 32 15 Captivation 15.9 fghijk 0 24 31 35 9

Charismatic 15.8 fghijk 0 33 44 21 2 Embasy 16.7 defgh 0 11 43 32 13

Exclamation 16.8 defg 0 20 37 25 18 Excursion 17.6 bcd 0 14 32 30 24

Fascination 16.3 defghi 0 20 39 35 6 Fenway 13.0 n 0 63 30 7 0 Joy Ride 16.8 defgh 0 10 50 32 8 Kingman 15.1 ijkl 2 34 47 14 3 Maxima 18.6 bc 0 9 28 35 28

Orange Crisp 15.4 ghijkl 0 24 47 26 3 ORS60.599 20.8 a 0 5 16 37 42 ORS6064F 14.1 lmn 0 60 25 15 0 ORS6151 15.7 fghijk 0 30 37 27 7

ORS6181b 19.0 b 0 11 24 33 33 ORS6203 15.8 fghijk 0 25 50 25 0

ORS6260d 18.6 bc 0 8 37 31 24 Red Amber 16.6 defgh 0 20 43 22 13

Red Garnet 15.3 hijkl 0 30 42 25 2 Red Opal 16.1 efghij 0 31 36 24 9 Road Trip 15.9 fghijk 0 33 33 20 14 Secretariat 14.5 klm 0 37 55 5 2

Summer Breeze 16.0 fghijk 0 19 48 26 6

SV0241WA 14.6 klm 2 31 54 9 4 Tailgate 18.5 bc 0 6 37 37 20


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Traveler 15.1 ijklm 0 34 42 18 5

Treasure Chest 16.8 defg 0 16 38 34 11 Turnpike 16.9 def 0 17 40 24 17 Unbridled 16.4 defghi 0 16 43 20 20

USAW 16095 13.6 mn 0 42 49 9 0

Warrior 16.9 def 0 15 46 27 10 Wolverine 16.6 defgh 0 31 26 28 14

z Average fruit weight was calculated by marketable fruit weight divide marketable fruit number, using data from three replications. y Percentages of fruit in weight categories were calculated using data collected in irrigated field. x Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher’s least significant difference test at P ≤ 0.05.


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Table 5. Marketable yield of typical-size triploid watermelons in the first harvest in the 2018 watermelon variety trial in Indiana.

Typical size triploid watermelon variety

Weight (lb) per acre Number of fruit per acre

7187 7,075 bcdefghz 376.7 bcdef

7197 6,218 cdefghi 301.3 bcdefgh

9651 2,930 ghij 150.7 efgh

51019 5,884 defghij 339.0 bcdefg

Amarillo 5,411 defghij 301.3 bcdefgh

Bottle Rocket 15,071 a 791.0 a

Captivation 8,183 bcdefg 414.3 bcde

Charismatic 9,420 abcde 565.0 abc

Embasy 5,303 defghij 263.7 cdefgh

Exclamation 5,393 defghij 301.3 bcdefgh

Excursion 9,243 abcdef 414.3 bcde

Fascination 7,398 bcdefg 452.0 bcde

Fenway 7,200 bcdefgh 527.3 abcd Joy Ride 12,291 ab 602.7 ab

Kingman 9,449 abcde 527.3 abcd

Maxima 5,368 defghij 263.7 cdefgh

Orange Crisp 3,193 ghij 188.3 efgh

ORS60.599 3,679 efghij 188.3 efgh ORS6064F 0 j 0.0 h

ORS6151 3,379 fghij 188.3 efgh

ORS6181b 6,600 bcdefghi 339.0 bcdefg

ORS6203 601 ij 37.7 gh

ORS6260d 12,114 abc 565.0 abc

Red Amber 6,825 bcdefgh 357.8 bcdef

Red Garnet 3,293 fghij 226.0 defgh

Red Opal 5,785 defghij 339.0 bcdefgh

Road Trip 6,802 bcdefgh 376.7 bcdef

Secretariat 3,538 efghij 226.0 defgh

Summer Breeze 7,336 bcdefgh 376.7 bcdef

SV0241WA 4,467 defghij 301.3 bcdefgh


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Tailgate 8,189 bcdefg 414.3 bcde

Traveler 2,274 ghij 150.7 efgh

Treasure Chest 6,837 bcdefgh 339.0 bcdefg

Turnpike 6,561 bcdefghi 339.0 bcdefg

Unbridled 1,348 hij 75.3 fgh

USAW 16095 3,914 efghij 263.7 cdefgh

Warrior 10,332 abcd 565.0 abc

Wolverine 6,436 bcdefghi 376.7 bcdef z Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher’s least significant difference test at P ≤ 0.05.


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Table 6. Fruit quality of typical-size triploid watermelons in the 2018 watermelon variety trial in Indiana.

Variety Length (cm) Width (cm) Rind thickness (cm)

Firmness (lbs-force)

Total soluble solids (°Brix)

Hollow heartz Black seedsx

7187 29.9 abcdey 23.5 fghijkl 2.1 bcde 3.2 bcd 11.2 abcdefg 1.2 fgh 0.3 d

7197 30.0 abcd 23.8 efghijk 2.1 bcde 2.8 cdefg 11.0 abcdefgh 1.8 bcdef 4.6 ab

9651 27.8 fghijkl 24.3 cdefghi 1.9 defg 2.9 cdefg 10.8 bcdefgh 1.3 fgh 0.4 d

51019 27.0 ijkl 24.1 cdefghi 1.8 efghi 3.0 bcdef 10.7 cdefghi 1.5 efgh 0.0 d

Amarillo 26.4 jklm 25.0 bcdef 1.8 efgh 2.1 h 10.6 cdefghi 2.5 a 0.1 d

Bottle Rocket 29.4 bcdef 23.8 efghijkl 1.8 efghi 3.2 bcd 11.2 abcdefg 1.0 h 0.6 cd

Captivation 27.4 ghijkl 23.8 efghijkl 1.7 efghi 3.0 bcdef 10.3 efghi 1.3 fgh 0.3 d

Charismatic 27.1 hijkl 24.3 cdefghi 2.3 abc 2.4 fgh 10.6 cdefghi 2.5 a 1.1 cd

Embasy 30.4 abc 24.4 cdefghi 1.9 defgh 3.0 bcdef 10.2 ghi 1.3 fgh 1.4 cd

Exclamation 27.0 ijkl 24.5 bcdefgh 1.9 efgh 3.0 bcdef 10.2 fghi 1.0 h 3.5 abc

Excursion 31.3 a 25.4 abcd 1.7 efghi 3.4 bc 9.9 hi 1.5 efgh 0.6 cd

Fascination 28.1 efghijk 23.1 ghijklm 1.7 ghi 3.0 bcdef 10.7 bcdefghi 1.6 cdefgh 5.4 a

Fenway 24.0 n 22.3 lmn 1.4 i 2.3 gh 10.6 cdefghi 2.2 abcd 1.3 cd

Joy Ride 31.4 a 24.3 cdefghi 1.8 efghi 2.9 bcdefg 10.7 bcdefghi 1.2 fgh 0.3 d

Kingman 28.6 cdefghi 23.6 efghijkl 2.1 bcde 2.7 cdefgh 10.2 ghi 2.3 abc 4.7 ab

Maxima 28.2 defghij 25.9 ab 2.0 cdefgh 3.1 bcdef 11.3 abcdefg 1.0 h 0.6 cd

Orange Crisp 26.2 klm 25.2 abcde 1.8 efgh 2.7 defgh 11.4 abcde 2.1 abcde 1.3 cd

ORS60.599 29.3 bcdef 26.6 a 2.4 ab 3.0 bcdef 11.7 ac 1.2 fgh 0.3 d ORS6064F 28.2 defghij 20.9 n 1.4 i 4.5 a 9.6 i 1.2 fgh 1.8 bcd

ORS6151 27.4 ghijkl 24.8 bcdef 2.0 cdefgh 3.0 bcdef 11.2 abcdefg 1.8 bcdef 1.4 cd


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ORS6181b 29.2 bcdefg 25.9 ab 2.6 a 2.8 cdefg 11.8 ab 2.3 abc 0.9 cd

ORS6203 28.7 cdefghi 22.4 klmn 1.6 ghi 3.2 bcd 10.8 bcdefgh 1.7 bcdefg 1.0 cd

ORS6260d 28.6 cdefghi 24.6 bcdefg 2.3 abcd 2.9 bcdefg 11.1 abcdefg 1.0 h 0.1 d

Red Amber 30.5 ab 23.7 efghijkl 1.8 efgh 2.9 bcdefg 10.7 bcdefghi 1.2 fgh 0.5 d

Red Garnet 27.5 fghijkl 21.8 mn 1.7 efghi 3.1 bcde 11.5 abcde 1.1 gh 0.3 d

Red Opal 29.0 cdefgh 22.5 jklm 1.8 efghi 3.2 bcde 10.8 bcdefgh 1.4 fgh 0.7 cd

Road Trip 29.8 abcde 23.8 efghijkl 1.7 fghi 3.0 bcdef 11.0 abcdefgh 1.2 fgh 0.4 d

Secretariat 26.6 jklm 22.0 mn 2.0 cdef 2.7 cdefgh 11.3 abcdef 1.4 fgh 5.3 a

Summer Breeze

28.2 defghij 24.9 bcdef 1.7 efghi 2.8 cdefg 11.7 abc 1.3 fgh 0.3 d

SV0241WA 28.5 cdefghi 22.5 jklm 1.8 efghi 3.1 bcdef 11.2 abcdefg 1.5 efgh 0.8 cd

Tailgate 31.0 ab 24.3 cdefghi 1.8 efghi 3.6 b 11.3 abcdefg 1.0 h 0.6 cd

Traveler 26.1 lm 22.9 ijklm 1.7 efghi 2.6 cdefgh 10.7 cdefghi 1.1 gh 0.3 d

Treasure Chest

27.6 fghijkl 25.6 abc 1.8 efghi 2.6 defgh 11.3 abcdef 2.4 a 1.2 cd

Turnpike 28.5 cdefghi 25.5 abcd 1.5 hi 2.9 cdefg 11.4 abcde 1.3 fgh 0.3 d

Unbridled 26.4 jklm 24.7 bcdef 1.9 defg 3.0 bcdef 12.1 a 1.8 bcdef 0.6 cd

USAW 16095 25.1 mn 23.1 hijklm 1.7 fghi 2.5 efgh 10.0 hi 1.6 defgh 0.7 cd

Warrior 29.4 bcdef 24.0 defghij 1.9 defg 2.8 cdefg 10.9 abcdefgh 1.5 efgh 0.4 d

Wolverine 27.8 fghijkl 25.4 abcd 2.3 abc 3.2 bcde 11.5 abcd 2.3 ab 0.1 d z Hollow heart severity was evaluated using a 1-5 scale: 1. None; 2. Carpel separation evident; 3. One large gap evident; 4. More than 2 large gaps; 5. Severe. x Black seeds was evaluated on counting the total number of black seeds on cutting surfaces of quartered melons. y Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher’s least significant difference test at P ≤ 0.05.


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Figure 1. Marketable yield (lbs/acre) of typical-size triploid watermelons on each harvest date in the 2018 watermelon variety trial in Indiana

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Crisp

Amar

illo

Fenw

ay

Max

ima

ORS

6064

F

ORS

6151

ORS

6181

b

ORS

6203

ORS

6260

d

ORS

60.5

99

19-Jul 26-Jul 2-Aug 9-Aug


17

Table 7. Marketable yield of personal-size watermelons in the 2018 watermelon variety trial in Indiana.

Personal-size watermelon variety

Marketable weight (lbs/acre) Marketable number per care

Extazy 64,416 abz 7,222.2 ab 50025 60,653 bc 7,411.3 ab 50027 56,783 bc 7,108.8 ab

Cheetah 61,683 bc 7,146.6 ab Headstart Mini Bee 49,543 cd 6,050.0 b

Ladybelle 60,897 bc 8,318.8 a Ocelot 43,339 d 6,012.2 b

Premium 63,888 ab 6,692.8 b Sirus Mini 65,680 ab 7,260.0 ab

Tigris 75,927 a 7,260.0 ab z Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher’s least significant difference test at P ≤ 0.05.


18

Table 8. Average fruit weight and percentages of watermelons in fruit weight categories of personal-size watermelon in the 2018 watermelon variety trial in Indiana.

Personal-size watermelon variety

Average fruit weight (lb)

<6 lb 6-8 lb 8-10 lb 10-12 lb ˃ 12 lb

Extazy 8.09 cz 6 30 38 16 9 50025 8.19 de 12 37 34 14 2 50027 7.94 e 16 48 18 8 9

Cheetah 8.60 cd 4 36 37 15 7 Headstart Mini Bee 8.19 de 9 40 36 12 2

Ladybelle 7.32 f 28 36 26 8 1 Ocelot 7.21 f 21 49 28 2 1

Premium 9.53 b 5 21 32 30 12 Sirus Mini 9.06 bc 4 32 35 19 9

Tigris 10.46 a 4 12 30 26 28 z Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher’s least significant difference test at P ≤ 0.05.


19

Table 9. Fruit quality of personal-size watermelons in the 2018 watermelon variety trial in Indiana.

Personal-size watermelon varety

Length (cm) Width (cm) Rind thickens (cm)



Hollow heartz

Black seedsy

Extazy 21.06 bcx 18.83 cd 2.83 a 4.51 a 11.23 cd 1.25 ab 1.17 c 50025 21.00 bc 19.32 bcd 1.40 b 3.64 abc 11.03 de 1.00 b 0.83 c

50027 20.29 c 19.11 bcd 1.30 b 4.10 ab 11.45 cd 1.00 b 0.17 c

Cheetah 20.56 c 19.11 bcd 1.39 b 3.48 abc 11.28 cd 1.00 b 3.42 c

Headstart Mini Bee 20.24 c 18.74 d 1.38 b 4.11 ab 11.06 de 1.08 b 1.83 c

Ladybelle 20.87 bc 19.85 abc 1.42 b 3.06 bc 11.91 bc 1.42 ab 5.11 bc

Ocelot 20.27 c 18.43 d 1.29 b 4.32 a 13.13 a 1.28 ab 1.33 c Premium 24.18 a 20.11 ab 1.12 b 3.07 bc 12.46 ab 1.63 ab 47.00 a

Sirus Mini 22.05 b 20.12 ab 1.46 b 2.84 c 11.80 bcd 1.88 a 11.75 b

Tigris 21.98 b 20.83 a 1.48 b 4.01 abc 10.33 e 1.00 b 0.67 c

z Hollow heart severity was evaluated using a 1-5 scale: 1. None; 2. Carpel separation evident; 3. One large gap evident; 4. More than 2 large gaps; 5. Severe. y Black seeds was evaluated on counting the total number of black seeds on cutting surfaces of quartered melons. Premium is a diploid watermelon while others are triploid. x Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher’s least significant difference test at P ≤ 0.05.


20

Table 10. Marketable and total yields of diploid watermelons in the 2018 watermelon variety trial in Indiana.

Diploid watermelon variety

Marketable yield (lbs/acre)

Marketable yield number per acre

Total yield (lbs/acre)

Total yield number per acre

Reya 55,362 ab z 2,647 c 58,189 ab 2,647 c

Santa Matilde 59,818 a 2,571 c 61,620 a 2,571 c

Zeugma 55,648 ab 2,533 c 58,184 ab 2,533 c

Sentinel 56,444 ab 2,723 c 56,444 ab 2,723 c

Sangria 53,021 ab 2,760 c 56,459 ab 2,760 c

Crimson Sweet 56,058 ab 3,025 bc 58,993 a 3,025 bc

Baby Doll 55,801 ab 3,554 b 56,334 ab 3,554 b

Orangeglo 51,231 ab 2,533 c 53,429 ab 2,533 c

Sorbet Swirl 35,716 c 2,798 c 37,041 c 2,798 c

Black Seeded Ice Cream

49,556 b 4,273 a 49,556 b 4,273 a

z Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher’s least significant difference test at P ≤ 0.05.


21

Table 11. Average fruit weight and fruit quality of diploid watermelons in the 2018 watermelon variety trial in Indiana.

Diploid watermelon variety

Average fruit weight (lb)

Length (cm) Width (cm) Rind thickness (cm)



Hollow heartz

Reya 20.90 bcy 34.5 b 24.3 cd 1.89 ab 3.30 a 10.27 bc 1.0 c Santa Matilde 23.28 a 39.1 a 24.7 c 1.95 a 3.21 a 10.27 bc 1.0 c Zeugma 21.97 ab 33.3 bc 26.4 a 2.0 a 3.02 ab 9.52 cd 1.0 c Sentinel 20.74 bc 36.3 ab 24.0 cd 1.77 abc 2.77 abcd 11.22 ab 1.2 bc Sangria 19.30 cd 36.6 ab 20.5 e 1.59 cde 2.50 bcde 10.42 abc 1.2 bc Crimson Sweet 18.55 d 29.5 cd 26.1 ab 1.82 abc 2.32 de 9.76 cd 1.5 b Baby Doll 15.68 e 28.9 cd 24.9 bc 1.38 de 2.97 abc 8.97 d 1.2 bc Orangeglo 20.15 cd 39.1 a 23.4 d 1.65 bcd 1.98 e 11.6 a 3.2 a Sorbet Swirl 12.77 f 26.0 d 23.3 d 1.35 e 2.47 cde 10.73 abc 1.5 b Black Seeded Ice Cream

11.64 f 21.5 e 21.5 e 1.80 abc 2.56 bcd 10.49 abc 1.0 c

z Hollow heart severity was evaluated using a 1-5 scale: 1. None; 2. Carpel separation evident; 3. One large gap evident; 4. More than 2 large gaps; 5. Severe. y Means within a column followed by the same letter are not significantly different according to Fisher’s least significant difference test at P ≤ 0.05.


22

Captivation

Exclamation

Excursion

Fascination


23

USAW 16095

51019

9651

7187


24

7197

Embasy

Warrior

Red Amber


25

Red Garnet

Red Opal

Unbridled

Kingman


26

Charismatic

Secretariat

Joy Ride

Road Trip


27

Tailgate

Bottle Rocket

SV0241WA

Summer Breeze


28

Traveler

Turnpike

Wolverine

Treasure Chest


29

Orange Crisp

Amarillo

Fenway

Maxima


30

ORS6064F

ORS6151

ORS6181b

ORS 6203


31

ORS6260d

ORS60.599

Figure 2. Exterior and interior of typical-size triploid watermelon varieties in the 2018 triploid watermelon variety trial in Indiana.


32

Extazy

Tigris

Ocelot

Cheetah


33

50025

50027

Premium

Ladybelle


34

Headstart Mini Bee

Sirus Mini

Figure 3. Exterior and interior of personal-size watermelon varieties in the 2018 watermelon variety trial in Indiana.


35

Reya

Santa Matilde

Zeugma

Sentinel


36

Sangria

Crimson Sweet

Baby Doll

Orangeglo


37

Sorbet Swirl

Black Seeded Ice Cream

Figure 4. Exterior and interior of diploid watermelon varieties in the 2018 watermelon variety trial in Indiana.

midwest vegetable trial report for 2018 trial reports/2018/08_01_guan_watermelon...watermelon...

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