Middle Eastern Religions

Judaism, Christianity, and Islam

Judaism• Founded in Jerusalem, Israel (Palestine). Also

has history in Egypt.• Began between 1800 B.C.E. to 1025 B.C.E.• Their “father” is Abraham (the father of the three

monotheistic religions)• God=Yaweh• Followers are called Jews or Hebrews• Holy city is Jerusalem• Their holy book is the Torah (Old Testament)• Some important people to know: Moses,

Abraham, rabbi’s who are their religious leaders

Judaism

• Beliefs include : Monotheistic (One God), 10 Commandments, their savior is still coming

• Holy days are every Saturday-followers attend synagogue

• Some holidays are: Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Passover, and Hanukkah

• Sects or religious groups include: Orthodox (strict followers), Conservative (believe but adapt so society), Reform (those who believe but may not follow all customs or laws)

Symbol of Judaism

Christianity

• Began around 4 BCE to 395 CE (when it was widely accepted)

• It started in Jerusalem, Israel (Palestine)• Their “father” is Abraham (the father of the three

monotheistic religions) but founded by Jesus• Followers are called Christians• Holy city is Jerusalem (Bethlehem, Nazareth)• Their holy book is the Bible (Old and New Testaments)• Jesus was the main prophet with his 12 disciples.

Priests, ministers, and pastors lead individual churches and Catholics follow a chain of command starting with the pope.

Christianity

• Monotheistic, 10 Commandments, love, forgiveness, Jesus is the son of God

• Holy days are Sundays for worship in church

• Holidays include Christmas, Easter, and Ash Wednesday

• Sects include Catholics, Baptists, Methodists…anyone who believes Jesus is the savior

Symbol of Christianity