middle east slides

80
Middle East Unit

Upload: eric-castro

Post on 12-Jan-2015

1.787 views

Category:

Documents


2 download

DESCRIPTION

 

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Middle East Slides

Middle East Unit

Page 2: Middle East Slides

Outlining

Page 3: Middle East Slides
Page 4: Middle East Slides
Page 5: Middle East Slides
Page 6: Middle East Slides
Page 7: Middle East Slides
Page 8: Middle East Slides
Page 9: Middle East Slides

2.1 City-States in Mesopotamia

Page 10: Middle East Slides

1. Summarize how geography affected culture in the Fertile Crescent

2. Describe city-states and how other cultures learned about them

3. Describe Sumerian religious beliefs, social structure, and technology

4. Explain the influence of Sumer of later civilizations

Page 11: Middle East Slides
Page 12: Middle East Slides

Bronze technology developed first in Sumeria, 3300 BCE

Page 13: Middle East Slides

Sargon of Akkad unites Mesopotamia, 2350 BCE

Amorites form Babylonian Empire, ~2000 BCE

Hammurabi, ~1700 BCE

Hammurabi’s Code, 282 written laws

Page 14: Middle East Slides
Page 15: Middle East Slides

3.4 Origins of Judaism

Page 16: Middle East Slides

1. What was the ancient name for “Palestine”?

2. When did the descendants of Abraham move to Egypt?

3. Summarize the first covenant between Yahweh and Abraham.

4. How long did the Jews travel through the Sinai Desert after escaping from slavery in Egypt?

5. Why was Solomon’s kingdom divided into two?

Page 17: Middle East Slides

Despite challenges, the Hebrews maintained monotheistic beliefs that were unique in the ancient world.

1. Summarize the history and beliefs of the ancient Hebrews

2. Explain the historical and cultural importance of the Exodus

3. Describe Israel under Saul, David, and Solomon

4. Describe Israel’s destruction and the Hebrews’ exile in Babylon

Page 18: Middle East Slides

Palestinewas

Canaan

The TorahGenesis, Exodus,

Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy

Abraham1800 BCE, Canaan1650 BCE, Egypt

Monotheism

Page 19: Middle East Slides

Hebrews migrated to Egypt to avoid draught & famine - but then enslaved.

Fled captivity between 1300 -1200 BCE, led by Moses

Legend says the Hebrews wandered the Sinai Desert for 40 years

10 Commandments . . .

Page 20: Middle East Slides
Page 21: Middle East Slides
Page 22: Middle East Slides

Hebrew bible

• Torah

• Prophets

• Writings

Talmud

• Mishnah

• Gemara

Hebrew lawMishna

Talmud

Gemara

Page 23: Middle East Slides

What do you notice about the first four commandments as opposed to the last

six?

Which two are stated in the positive form?

Why?

How would you characterize the

difference between the Ten

Commandments and Hammurabi’s Code?

Page 24: Middle East Slides

12 Tribes down to Judah (Jews & Judaism)

Saul

David

Solomon

Page 25: Middle East Slides

4.2 The Assyrian Empire

Page 26: Middle East Slides

Assyria developed a dominant military and established a well-organized administration until revolts wore down the empire.

1. Analyze the sources of Assyrian military strength

2. Evaluate Assyrian achievements

3. Trace the Assyrian decline

Page 27: Middle East Slides

850 BCE, Assyria rises

Sennacherib destroyed 89 cities and 820 villages, burned Babylon and ordered tens of thousands killed

Advances SW to Egypt

Esarhaddon: “I tore up the root of Kush, and not one therein escaped to submit to me”

Page 28: Middle East Slides

Technology

• Leather & metal body armour

• Metal helmets

• Iron swords and spears

• Ladders

Strategies

• Siege

• Pontoon bridges

• Dug beneath walls

• Archers cleared walls

• Battering rams for gates

• No mercy

Page 29: Middle East Slides

Archers & ladders

Page 30: Middle East Slides
Page 31: Middle East Slides
Page 32: Middle East Slides

Tunneling

Page 33: Middle East Slides
Page 34: Middle East Slides
Page 35: Middle East Slides

Battering ram

Page 36: Middle East Slides
Page 37: Middle East Slides
Page 38: Middle East Slides
Page 39: Middle East Slides

612 BCE, Medes & Chaldeans unite

Chaldeans rebuild Babylon, 600 BCE

Nebuchadnezzar

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

350 BCE, Assyrians try to reunite . . .

33 CE - 1300, Assyrian missionaries

Page 40: Middle East Slides
Page 41: Middle East Slides
Page 42: Middle East Slides

10.1 The Rise of Islam

Page 43: Middle East Slides

Muhammad unified the Arab people both politically and through Islam.

1. Describe Arabia before the rise of Islam

2. Explain how Muhammad began to unify the Arabian Peninsula under Islam

3. Identify Islamic beliefs and practices

Page 44: Middle East Slides

622,

Hijr

ah

630,

Ret

urn

to M

ecca

Islam vs Muslim

Um

ma

Five Pillars of Faith

Quran vs Sunna vs Shari’a

Page 45: Middle East Slides

Without depicting Muhammad or God, students will illustrate a storyboard of the assigned section of the text, paying particular attention to specifics.

1. Deserts, Towns, and Trade Routes

2. and 7. Revelations

3. The Hijrah

4. Returning to Mecca

5. The Five Pillars

6. A Way of Life & Sources of Authority

Page 46: Middle East Slides

10.2 Islam Expands

Page 47: Middle East Slides

In spite of internal conflicts, the Muslims created a huge empire that included lands on three continents.

1. Describe how Muhammad’s successors spread Islam

2. List conflicts within the Umayyad state

3. Explain how rivalries split Islam

Page 48: Middle East Slides

632, Muhammad died

632, Abu-Bakr, first “Rightly-Guided Caliph”

Umar, Uthman, and Ali

Reasons for success?

Treatment of conquered?

Page 49: Middle East Slides

Uthman murdered, Ali elected caliph then murdered

Umayyads take control

Moved capital to Damascus

Surrounded selves with luxury

Page 50: Middle East Slides

Shi’a

Sunni

Sufi

Page 51: Middle East Slides

Abbasid Empire

Page 52: Middle East Slides

750-1258, Abbasids

Fatimid caliphate, among others, follow

Trade, including sakks

Page 53: Middle East Slides

10.3 Muslim Culture

Page 54: Middle East Slides

Muslims combined and preserved the traditions of many peoples and also advanced learning in a variety of areas.

1. Describe society under the Abbasids

2. Identify Muslim accomplishments in art and science

3. Describe Muslim attitudes toward philosophy and religion

Page 55: Middle East Slides

4.3 Persia Unites Many

Lands

Page 56: Middle East Slides

• Explain the rise of the Persian Empire

• Describe the unique features of the Persian government and its official religion, Zoroastrianism

Page 57: Middle East Slides
Page 58: Middle East Slides

Cyrus, conquered from 550 to 539 BCE

Son, Cambyses, did not rule long

Darius takes throne in 521 BCE

satrap

Royal Road

Zoroastrianism...

Page 59: Middle East Slides

10.1 The Rise of Islam

Page 60: Middle East Slides

• Describe Arabia before the rise of Islam

• Explain how Muhammad began to unify the Arabian Peninsula under Islam

• Identify Islamic beliefs and practices

Page 61: Middle East Slides
Page 62: Middle East Slides

The Prophet Muhammad

• Khadjah

• the angel Gabriel

• Allah

• Islam, “submission to the will of Allah”

• Muslim, “one who has submitted”

• Hijrah, 622, from Mecca to Yathrib

• From Medina to Mecca, 630

• Ka’aba

• umma

Page 63: Middle East Slides

Five Pillars of Faith

Faith Shahada

Prayer Salat

Alms Zakaat

Fasting Sawm

Pilgrimage Hajj

Page 64: Middle East Slides

Five Pillars of Faith

Faith Shahada

Prayer Salat

Alms Zakaat

Fasting Sawm

Pilgrimage Hajj

Page 65: Middle East Slides

Five Pillars of Faith

Faith Shahada

Prayer Salat

Alms Zakaat

Fasting Sawm

Pilgrimage Hajj

Page 66: Middle East Slides

• ulama, scholar class

• imam, spiritual leader

• Qu’ran

• Sunna

• Shari’a

Page 67: Middle East Slides

• ulama, scholar class

• imam, spiritual leader

• Qu’ran

• Sunna

• Shari’a

Page 68: Middle East Slides

• ulama, scholar class

• imam, spiritual leader

• Qu’ran

• Sunna

• Shari’a

Page 69: Middle East Slides

• ulama, scholar class

• imam, spiritual leader

• Qu’ran

• Sunna

• Shari’aHad crimesQesas crimesTazir

{

Page 70: Middle East Slides

10.2 Islam Expands

Page 71: Middle East Slides

Shane’s Birthday Quiz

Page 72: Middle East Slides

Shane’s Birthday Quiz

1.Who was Muhammad’s first successor?

Page 73: Middle East Slides

Shane’s Birthday Quiz

1.Who was Muhammad’s first successor?

2.Which sub-group of Islam believed that the caliph had to be related to Muhammad?

Page 74: Middle East Slides

Shane’s Birthday Quiz

1.Who was Muhammad’s first successor?

2.Which sub-group of Islam believed that the caliph had to be related to Muhammad?

3.What was Muhammad’s daughter’s name?

Page 75: Middle East Slides

• Describe how Muhammad’s successors spread Islam

• List conflicts within the Umayyad state

• Explain how rivalries split Islam

Outcomes

Page 76: Middle East Slides

• Rightly-guided caliphs (“successor”)

• Abu-Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali

• jihad

• jizra

• Uthman and Ali murdered

Page 77: Middle East Slides

Sunnah Shi’a

meaning “well-trodden path” “party of Ali”

# 940m/ 90% 120m/ 10%

Locations most Muslim countries Iran, Iraq & Yemen

true CaliphAbo Bakr, father of the Prophet’s favored wife,

A’ishah

Ali ibn Abi Talib, husband of the Prophet’s

daughter Fatimah

qualifications for ruler of Islam

tribe of the Prophet (Quraysh); later, anyone

qualifiedfamily of the Prophet

Religious authority other than Qu’ran

ijma (consensus) of Muslim community

infallible imams

Page 78: Middle East Slides

Abbasid EmpireFatimid Dynasty

circa 820 CE

Page 79: Middle East Slides

10.3

Page 80: Middle East Slides

• Describe society under the Abbasids

• Identify Muslim accomplishments in art & science

• Describe Muslim attitudes toward philosophy and religion

Outcomes