middle east countries
DESCRIPTION
Details about major economies in the Middle-East; their oil production and exports; the Gulf War; strict Islamic laws & other aspects of their culture and famous tourist destinations...TRANSCRIPT
Introduction Majority of Western Asia & Egypt - excluding Caucasus
Largest ethnic group in the Middle East – Arabs
• Turks, Turkomans, Persians, Kurds, Azeris, Copts, Jews
• Assyrians, Maronites, Circassians, Somalis, Armenians, Druze
Historical origin - Judaism, Christianity, & Islam
Around the Persian Gulf have large quantities of crude
oil
Strategically, economically, politically, culturally,
religiously sensitive
Middle - East Bahrain
Cyprus
Egypt
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Jordan
Kuwait
Lebanon
Northern Cyprus
Oman
Palestine
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Syria
Turkey
U.A.E.
Yemen
Iran
Iraq
Kuwait
Saudi
Arabia
Qatar
UAE
GDP [real] -
• Turkey (US $ 0.794 tn), Saudi Arabia (US $
0.727 tn), Iran (US $ 0.548 tn)
GDP [PPP] -
• Turkey (US $ 1.142 tn), Iran (US $ 1.016 tn),
Saudi Arabia (US $ 0.921 tn)
GDP per capita [PPP] -
• Qatar (US $ 103,900), UAE (US $ 49,800),
Kuwait (US $ 40,500)
• Israel (US $ 33,900), Saudi Arabia (US $ 31,800)
Lowest ranking - West Bank (US $ 2,900), Yemen
(US $ 2,300)
Strict Arabic
Punishments
Kingdom ofSaudi Arabia
Mid
dle
- East
Introduction - KSA Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
[Monarchy]
King & Prime Minister – ABDALLAH bin
Abd al-Aziz Al Saud
Birthplace to Islam, holiest shrines -
Mecca & Medina
Dry desert – great temperature
extremes
Leverage on shipping – Persian Gulf &
Suez Canal
Arabs: 90% & Afro-Asian: 10% [Arabic]
[Muslims]
Area - 2,149,690 sq km [13th]
Unemployment – 10.6 %, Population -
26,939,583
Military Budget – 9.1 % of GDP
Economy - KSA Leader in OPEC, 17 % of world’s proven petroleum
reserves
Petroleum – Budget [80 %]; GDP [45 %]; Exports
[90 %]
King Abdallah University of Science & Technology – Job
Training & Education
GDP [real] - $ 727.3 bn
GDP [PPP] - $ 921.7 bn
GDP per capita [PPP] - $ 31,800
GDP real growth rate – 6.8 %
crude oil production, petroleum refining, basic petrochemicals, ammonia, industrial gases, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), cement, fertilizer, plastics, metals, commercial ship repair, commercial aircraft
repair, construction
Currency – Saudi
Riyals [SAR]
1 USD = 3.75 SAR
1 SAR = 16.71 INR
Reserves of
FE & Gold
US $ 656.9
bn
Exports – US $ 395 bn
Export goods –
• petroleum & its product [90 %]
Main export partners – US [14.3 %], China [13.7 %],
Japan [13.7 %],
S. Korea [9.9 %], India [8.2 %],
Singapore [4.3 %]
Imports – US $ 136.8 bn
Import goods –
• machinery & equipments, foodstuffs
• motor vehicles, textiles, chemicals
Import partners – China [13.5 %], US [13.2 %], S.
Korea [6.7 %]
Germany [6.5 %], India [6.3 %],
Japan [6 %]
Crude Oil Production – 10
mn bbl/day [2nd]
Crude Oil Exports – 6.68 mn
bbl/day [1st]
Crude Oil Proved Reserves –
264.6 bn bbl [1st]
Natural Gas Production – 99.23
bn cu m
Natural Gas Proved Reserves –
8.028 tn cu m [5th]
Mecca Madina
CapitalRiyadh
State of KuwaitAttacked and overrun by Iraq
on 2nd August 1990
Following several weeks of aerial bombardment, a `US-led, UN coalition began a
ground assault on 23 February 1991 - liberated
Kuwait in 4 days
Spent morethan US $ 5 bn to repair oil
infrastructure damaged during 1990-91
Population - 2,695,316
Chief of StateAmir SABAH al-Ahmad al - Jabir al-Sabah
[Kuwait City]
Mid
dle
- East
Area - 17,818 sq km [158th]
GDP [real] – US $ 173.4 bn [5.1 %]
GDP [PPP] – US $ 153.4 bn
GDP per capita [PPP] – US $ 40,500
Exports – US $ 121 bn
Imports – US $ 22.79 bn
Crude Oil Proved Reserves - 101.5 bn
bbl
Crude Oil Exports - 1.365 mn bbl/day
Kuwaiti Dinar
1 KWD = 3.53
USD
1 KWD = 221.56
INR
Area - 11,586 sq km [166th]
GDP [real] – US $ 183.4 bn [6.6 %]
GDP [PPP] – US $ 191 bn
GDP per capita [PPP] – US $ 103,900
[1st]
Exports – US $ 133.7 bn
Crude Oil [PR] – 25 bn bbl [57 yrs]
Natural Gas [PR] – 25.2 tm cu m [3rd]
[13 %]
Unemployment Rate – 0.5 % [3rd]
Hamad International Airport – 24
million
Qatari Rials
1 USD = 3.64
QAR
1 QAR = 17.21
INR
State of Qatar[Doha]
Aljazeera News
Network
Assisted Libya
Revolution
Mid
dle
- East
Gulf War [1990–91]
Iran–Iraq War [1980-88]
IslamicRepublicOf Iran
Persia until 1935
US-Iranian: Iranian students seized the US Embassy in Tehran
in 1979 to 1981
US cut off diplomatic relations - April 1980
During the period 1980-88: Iran – Iraq war – US Navy and
Iranian military forces
Designated state sponsor of terrorism & nuclear weapons
ambitions [IAEA]
Remains subject to US, UN, and EU economic sanctions
and export
[Tehran]
GDP [real] – US $ 548.9 bn [- 1.9 %]
GDP [PPP] – US $ 1.016 tn
GDP per capita [PPP] – US $ 13,300
Exports – US $ 65.33 bn; Imports – US
$ 66.97 bn
Crude Oil [PR] – 151.2 bn bbl [4th]
Crude Oil Exports – 1.5 mn bbl/day
Natural Gas [PR] – 33.07 tm cu m [2nd]
Unemployment Rate – 15.5 %
Inflation [Consumer Prices] – 27.1 %
Iranian Rials
1 USD = 24,833
IRR
1 INR = 397.86
IRR
RepublicOf Iraq
SADDAM Husayn [2003]
Territorial disputes with Iran - inconclusive & costly eight
year war [1980-88]
In August 1990, Iraq seized Kuwait but was expelled by US led, UN coalition forces during
the Gulf War of 1991
Following Kuwait's liberation, the UNSC - Iraq
to scrap all weapons of mass destruction
US-led invasion of Iraq in March 2003
US military operations there ended in
mid-December 2011
[Baghdad]
Mid
dle
- East
GDP [real] – US $ 212.5 bn [8.4 %]
GDP [PPP] – US $ 242.5 bn
GDP per capita [PPP] – US $ 7,200
Exports – US $ 93.91 bn; Imports – US
$ 56.89 bn
Crude Oil [PR] – 143.1 bn bbl [5th]
Crude Oil Exports – 2.6 mn bbl/day
Unemployment Rate – 16 %
Iraqi Dinars
1 USD = 1,163
IQD
1 INR = 18.6
IQD
United Arab Emirates[Dubai]
KHALIFA bin Zayid Al-NuhayyanPresident1971 - 6 states - Abu Dhabi,
'Ajman, Al Fujayrah, Ash Shariqah, Dubayy, and Umm al Qaywayn - merged to form the United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Joined in 1972 by Ra's al Khaymah
Hit hard in 2008-09 - falling oil prices, collapsing real
estate prices & the international banking crisis
Avoided the "Arab Spring" unrest seen elsewhere in the
Middle East
[ ]
Mid
dle
- East
Country's Free Trade Zones - offering
100% foreign ownership & zero taxes -
helping to attract foreign investors
Dependence on oil, a large expatriate
workforce – challenges
Open economy - high per capita income - sizable annual trade surplus
Economic diversification - reduced portion of GDP
- oil and gas output to 25%
Spending - job creation & infrastructure
expansion - private sector involvement
GDP [real] – US $ 358.9 bn [3.9 %]
GDP [PPP] – US $ 275.8 bn
GDP per capita [PPP] – US $ 49,800
Exports – US $ 300.9 bn; Imports – US
$ 220.3 bn
Crude Oil [PR] – 97.8 bn bbl [7th]
Crude Oil Exports – 2.036 mn bbl/day
Natural Gas [PR] – 6.089 tn bbl [7th]
Unemployment Rate – 2.4 %
Inflation [Consumer Prices] – 0.7 %
Emirati Dirhams
1 USD = 3.67
AED
1 AED = 17.1
INR
petroleum and
petrochemicals,
fishing, aluminum,
cement, fertilizers,
commercial ship
repair, construction
materials, some boat
building,
handicrafts, textiles
Gulf Cooperation Council
Cooperation Council for the Arab States
of the Gulf (CCASG)
Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi
Arabia & UAE
Among the stated objectives are:
Similar regulations - religious, finance,
trade, customs
tourism, legislation
& administration
Establishing scientific research centers
Setting up joint ventures
Unified military presence [Peninsula
Shield Force]
Encouraging cooperation of the private
sector
And establishing a common currency
[May 1981 Riyadh]
Saudi Arabia19%
Iraq13%
Kuwait10%
UAE9%
Iran6%
Other Middle East6%
Africa17%
West-ern
Hemi-sphere
18%
Others4%
India - Crude Oil Imports By Source [2012]
Source – US EIA
Recent News
Economic
sanctions
& IAEA
Syrian civil
war
Iran‘ s
currency crisis
Yukiya Amano
IAEA’s director
general
U.N. atomic
watchdog will start
with “easy”
measures and
“move on to more
difficult things”
regarding Iran’s
nuclear issues
15 march 2011
An ongoing armed
conflict
in Syria between forces
loyal to
the Ba'ath government
and those seeking to
oust it
Syrian government -
Russia & Iran while
Qatar & Saudi
Arabia transfer
weapons to rebels;
chemical weapons
Death toll - 120,000 by
September 2013
Economic
sanctions &
IAEA
Syrian
civil war
Iran‘ s
currency crisis
Direct result of
sanctions designed to
get Iran to curtail its
nuclear program
Barbari - imported
wheat - 1,000 rials to
about 5,000 rials
Offer the official
exchange rate to
importers of a few
select items
Economic
sanctions &
IAEA
Syrian civil
war
Iran‘ s
currency
crisis
Famous Cities
Amman [Jordan]
Cairo[Egypt]
Dubai[UAE]
Abu Dhabi[UAE]
Abu Dhabi[UAE]
Riyadh[Saudi Arabia]
Kuwait City[Kuwait]
Nicosia[Cyprus]
Tourist Sites
An ancient town built on a
Mountain slope and
became one of
the wonders of the world
Has attracted millions of
tourists
every year to witness the
progress
of civilization in ancient times
Petra, Jordan
Sanaa, Yemen1000s of monuments and historical sites as one of
UNESCO world heritage
Offers ancient buildings, traditional markets & 1 of
the oldest mosques in the world
Famous castle called Qalat al Bahrain, and is one of the UNESCO heritage site
Also a number of monuments, museums, a form of modern architecture describing the progress of Arab
culture in the past
Qalat, Bahrain
Burj Khalifa known as Burj
Dubai
a skyscraper in Dubai, UAE,
tallest man-made
structure in the world
829.8 m (2,722 ft)
21st Sept 2004 - 4th Jan 2010
Adrian Smith [CA] & Bill
Baker [CSE]
Skidmore, Owings &
Merrill
Burj Khalifa, Dubai
PalmIslandsDubai
2 artificial islands in Dubai, UAE in the
shape of palm trees
Palm Jumeirah & Palm Jebel Ali
Large number of residential, leisure and
entertainment centres
Add 520 kms of non-public beaches
to the city of Dubai
Belgian - Jan De Nul & Dutch - Van
Oord
Bibliography http://www.iaea.org/
http://www.jodidata.org/
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-
world-factbook/
http://www.dubai.com/
http://www.touristlink.com/
http://www.gcc-sg.org/eng/
http://www.eia.gov/
Thank
you !
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