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when treating a hypertensive patient, one of the following is not correct:

stress level should be minimized

adrenaline in local anaesthesia is contraindicated sudden severe increase in blood pressure may result in cardiac arrest

some anti-hypertensive drugs cause postural hypotension, thus the patient should be

raised from supine to upright position slowly none of the above

S. mutans and S. sangius are mostly incriminated for nfective endocarditis of dentalorigin because:

they are present in large numbers in the mouth

they are released into the blood stream in large numbers during inferior alveolar

bloc!s they have comple" attachment mechanisms enabling them to adhere to haemoglobin

in the #$Cs

the first and third answers

all of the above

patients at ris! from infective endocarditis re%uiring antibiotic prophyla"i" includethe following:

recent myocardial infarction of less than & months

coronary arteries bypass graft history of childhood rheumatic fever

cardiac implanted pacema!er

all of the above

for the prophyla"is of bacterial endocarditis:

amo"ycillin 'g of a single oral dose can be given (ust before the operation for patients with a history of endocarditis gentamycin and amo"ycillin are given warfarin has to be given

the first two answers

all of the above

patients with angina pectoris attending for e"traction of a lower molar tooth:

re%uire adrenaline ) mg * prior to the e"traction

are at higher ris! of developing udwigs angina are at higher ris! of myocardial infarction than patients with haemophilia

all of the above

none of the above

the management of myocardial infarction in the dental clinic includes:

laying the patient flat on a firm surface give warfarin orally

give o"ygen

all of the above

none of the above

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ndications for surgical removal of a tooth or roots include:

. *ulti-rooted teeth

$. n!ylosed roots / hypercemented rootsC. 0eeth with apices at right to long a"is of the teeth

1. $ /C

2. ll of the above

*ucoperiosteal flaps used in oral surgical procedures are raised:

. 0o allows surgical access to underlying tissues.$. 0o maintain blood supply to ad(acent mucosa

C. 0o prevent postoperative infection

1. $ /C

2. ll of the above

3rinciples of flap design include:

. 4ince soft tissues heal long the length of the incision, smaller incisions heal faster

than longer incisions.$. 5ull-thic!ness mucoperiosteal flap provide poor access to impacted tooth6root and

should be avoidedC. 0he incision should be designed so that after bone is removed the suture line lies

upon, and is supported by the blood clot of the bony defect created by surgery.

1. / C2. 7one of the above

1uring and after surgical e"traction bone is removed in order to:

. #educe size of bony soc!et$. 3rovide a space into which the tooth6root may be displaced

C. #emove sharp edges and bony pro(ection

1. / $2. ll of the above

0echni%ues used for bone removal during surgical e"traction:. Creating a gutter in the bone alongside the crown of the tooth.

$. 3ostage-stamp method using a small round bur.

C. 8sing a chisel to remove bone

1. / $2. ll of the above

#esorbable suture material include:. 9ut 4uture material

$. 3olyglycolic acid.

C. 7ylon *ono6mutifilamnetous;1. / $

2. ll of the above

\

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0he largest suture size in the following is:

. )6

$. '6C. =6

1. 6

2. ?6

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation C3#; is indicated when:

the heart stops pumping a bolus of food has suddenly bloc!ed the oropharyn"

angina becoming unstable in a chronic smo!er male

none of the above

bsence of arterial pulse occurs after arrest of the heart muscle, this is confirmed by:

very low systolic blood pressure and a high diastolic pressure

very low systolic and diastolic blood pressure

wheezy breath followed by convulsions the second and third answers

none of the above

& year old male with a history of a coronary arteries bypass graft years ago

presenting for the removal of a grossly carious lower right first molar. @hich of thefollowing is correct with regard to his dental managementA

his 7# must be chec!ed pre-operatively if he is ta!ing warfarin

there is no need for antibiotic prophyla"is

oral 0emazepam may be given to reduce an"iety the second and third answers

all of the above

the commonest cause of collapse fainting; in the dental surgery is:

myocardial infarction

adrenal insufficiency vasovagal syncope

4tro!e

all of the above

5or an intra-oral surgical procedure, releasing incision of the flap should be

designed to be sited away fromA

the area of the facial nerve the upper canine eminence

the area distal to the upper second molar

the first two answers all of the above

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during the removal of a buccally displaced upper third molar, the ape" of the palatal

root has fractured. 0his can be left in situ providing that:

it is less than = mm in length the tooth in not infected

the ma"illary sinus is not infected

the first two answers all of the above

hypercementosis of teeth roots: is an important cause of toot fracture during e"traction

in upper premolars, e"traction may cause oro-antral communication

is a feature of $ehcets disease

the first and second answerall of the above

while raising a flap to remove a retained root of an upper second premolar:

the flap must not e"ceed the alveolus around the root to reduce postoperative pain the middle superior alveolar nerve must be identified and protected

three sided flaps are favorable to envelope flaps to prevent gingival recession all of the above

none of the above

the transalveolar e"traction of the remaining roots of the lower right second

premolar may carry the following ris!s:

numbness of the right side of the chin area

bleeding from a branch of the lingual artery damage to the left mandibular condyle

all of the above

none of the above

a chisel and hammer can be used to remove bone for transalveolar e"traction

according to the following: a stop cut should be placed to prevent fracturing the (aw along its bone grains

this techni%ue is mainly used for the conscious patient to measure the needed force

according to the patients response

does not re%uire saline coolant but the chisel should be stored in a sterile ice bath all of the above

none of the above

the removal of upper third molars:

should never be attempted with curved elevators

may result in fractured coronoid process may result in fractured ma"illary tuberosity

the first and third answers

all of the above

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instanding lower second premolars are usually removed because of:

trauma to the mental nerve

caries affecting it or its neighboring teeth for orthodontic reasons

the second and third answers

all of the above

which of the following is considered an impacted tooth:

a partially erupted lower 'rdmolar in a vertical position in a B) year old female whohas enough space distal to the Bndmolar

a completely unerupted lower 'rdmolar in a vertical position in a =B year old male

who has enough space distal to the Bndmolar

a partially developed, totally unerupted lower 'rdmolar that is tilted mesially in a )=year old male

all of the above

none of the above

which of the following is classified as C-B according to $ell and 9regory system:

a lower wisdom tooth that has its highest aspect between the occlusal plane andcervical line of the second molar with half of the crown within the ramus

a lower wisdom tooth that has its highest aspect below the cervical line of the

second molar with half of the crown within the ramus a lower wisdom tooth that has its highest aspect below the cervical line of the

second molar with all of the crown within the ramus

a lower wisdom tooth that has its highest aspect in level with the occlusal plane of

the second molar with hlaf of the crown within the ramusC> a lower wisdom tooth that has its highest aspect between the occlusal plane and

cervical line of the second molar with all of the crown anterior to the ramus

a transverse impaction of the lower ' rdmolar is a severe form of mesioangular

impaction:

true false

which of the following is notan indication for the e"traction of an impacted lower

'rdmolar: gross caries of the 'rdmolar with crowding in the lower anterior teeth in a patient

who is not willing to have orthodontic treatment

gross caries at the distal aspect of Bndmolar large cystic lesion in close association with the ' rdmolar

fully covered 'rdmolar in an elderly edentulous patient with severely atrophic

mandible none of the above

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e"traction of an impacted, fully covered 'rdmolar that is not associated

radiographically with any pathology for the treatment of une"plained facial pain:

will definitely cure the patient definitely will not cure the patient

is controversial because it may or may not cure the patient

should be considered a routine practice is contraindicated

: