Mid – Course Training ReportMid – Course Training ReportRisk Assessment and Risk Assessment and

Monitoring for Environmental Monitoring for Environmental ChemicalsChemicals

By Abdullah Al-

DarmakiOman

IntroductionIntroductionFrom my simple point of view the training course organized From my simple point of view the training course organized by JICA under the technical cooperation program of the by JICA under the technical cooperation program of the Government of Japan is an important humanity projects that Government of Japan is an important humanity projects that helps the countries to use and gain the knowledge that Japan helps the countries to use and gain the knowledge that Japan have in different fields of live and maybe the progress have in different fields of live and maybe the progress industry and technology in this country is good example for industry and technology in this country is good example for that.that.This course is one of hundreds courses organized yearly by This course is one of hundreds courses organized yearly by JICA in different fields of live. These courses did not focusing JICA in different fields of live. These courses did not focusing only on training but also it extended to be a good only on training but also it extended to be a good opportunities for cultural meeting and exchange information opportunities for cultural meeting and exchange information between different countries. Environmental causes know between different countries. Environmental causes know became one of the top important aspects, because it has a became one of the top important aspects, because it has a direct impact relation ship with the human health. direct impact relation ship with the human health. Environment is not belong to cretin country and it did not Environment is not belong to cretin country and it did not care about the bond ryes made by the human ,that is why care about the bond ryes made by the human ,that is why when a certain country made damage to the environment when a certain country made damage to the environment this damage will not stay within the boundary of that country this damage will not stay within the boundary of that country but it will extend to the other countries .but it will extend to the other countries .Risk Assessment and Monitoring for Environmental Chemicals Risk Assessment and Monitoring for Environmental Chemicals is one of these courses that takes care about the is one of these courses that takes care about the environment protection from risks that maybe made by the environment protection from risks that maybe made by the human himself.human himself.

Course objectivesCourse objectives

Through the training program participants Through the training program participants are expected:are expected:

To learn about risk assessment technology To learn about risk assessment technology for environmental contaminants and their for environmental contaminants and their impacts on human health and ecosystemsimpacts on human health and ecosystems

To learn about the principles and To learn about the principles and techniques used for monitoring techniques used for monitoring environmental chemicals detected from environmental chemicals detected from environmental resources and agricultural environmental resources and agricultural products products

To gain analytical techniques and skills in To gain analytical techniques and skills in instrument , and bioassay methodsinstrument , and bioassay methods

The aim of attending the training The aim of attending the training coursecourse

The areas of interesting may differ between The areas of interesting may differ between participants in this course and that is related to the participants in this course and that is related to the nature of different works ( jobs ) they belong too , nature of different works ( jobs ) they belong too , but still the main objective is protection of the but still the main objective is protection of the environment and the effect of that on human environment and the effect of that on human health .health .

Because I am a plant protection engineer, so my Because I am a plant protection engineer, so my field of work is keeping me focusing more in the field of work is keeping me focusing more in the agricultural area. Pesticides as you know is agricultural area. Pesticides as you know is considered to be one of the most environmental considered to be one of the most environmental problem and pesticides is required in modern problem and pesticides is required in modern agricultural to control pests and there is increasing agricultural to control pests and there is increasing in the used of pesticides in agricultural due to the in the used of pesticides in agricultural due to the increasing in agricultural area.increasing in agricultural area.

The aim of attending the training The aim of attending the training coursecourse

In Oman we used large quantity of In Oman we used large quantity of pesticides to control pests and the most pesticides to control pests and the most used of pesticides are during the used of pesticides are during the national control program against pests national control program against pests which can cause economical damage to which can cause economical damage to certain croups which have economical certain croups which have economical income like the aerial spray against income like the aerial spray against dopes bug in date palm trees. In this dopes bug in date palm trees. In this process large quantity of pesticides are process large quantity of pesticides are used to cover large area mostly all the used to cover large area mostly all the country .This process is done twes / country .This process is done twes / year because of the nature of the insect year because of the nature of the insect which have tow generation one is which have tow generation one is appears in spring and the other in appears in spring and the other in winter winter

Until know there is no study on the Until know there is no study on the effect of pesticides on human and effect of pesticides on human and environmental such as soil , water , environmental such as soil , water , air and plants and maybe the first air and plants and maybe the first step is stared with analyzing the step is stared with analyzing the residue of pesticides in soil , water residue of pesticides in soil , water and plants and off curse did not and plants and off curse did not forgetting the medical analysis for forgetting the medical analysis for the human ( farmers how applied the human ( farmers how applied the pesticides ) .the pesticides ) .

Training programTraining program

Training stages:Training stages: In term of stages, the training In term of stages, the training

program can be divided in to tow program can be divided in to tow stages. One is in the beginning of the stages. One is in the beginning of the training course and I called training course and I called familiarization stagefamiliarization stage and the other and the other is a result to the first one and I called is a result to the first one and I called practical stagepractical stage..

Familiarization stageFamiliarization stage

In this stage participants are In this stage participants are familiarized with the measuring familiarized with the measuring instruments used for environment and instruments used for environment and human health. This is done under the human health. This is done under the training program in three companies training program in three companies producing instruments used for producing instruments used for environmental measurement environmental measurement protection and human health such as protection and human health such as Horiba, Hitachi and Shimadzu.Horiba, Hitachi and Shimadzu.

What I have learned in this stageWhat I have learned in this stage Horiba Ltd.( 28 – 31 / 3 / 2005 )Horiba Ltd.( 28 – 31 / 3 / 2005 ) Using of p HUsing of p H Using of water quality monitoring instruments such as chemical oxygen demand Using of water quality monitoring instruments such as chemical oxygen demand

( COD ) , Dissolved oxygen ( Do ) , Heavy suspended soled ( MLSS ) and Low ( COD ) , Dissolved oxygen ( Do ) , Heavy suspended soled ( MLSS ) and Low suspended sold ( TR/SS ) suspended sold ( TR/SS )

X-ray analytical microscope ( XGT – 1000 WR ) for analyzing harmful elements such X-ray analytical microscope ( XGT – 1000 WR ) for analyzing harmful elements such as Pp in materials ( watches , cameras )as Pp in materials ( watches , cameras )

Motor exhaust gas analyzer ( MEXA – 7200SL8 ) for measuring the CO and HC in cars Motor exhaust gas analyzer ( MEXA – 7200SL8 ) for measuring the CO and HC in cars and motor pikesand motor pikes

Oil content analyzer , oil – in sold analyzer ( OCMA-350 ) oil – in water analyzer Oil content analyzer , oil – in sold analyzer ( OCMA-350 ) oil – in water analyzer ( OCMA – 300 ) ( OCMA – 300 )

Stake gas and air pollution analyzer ( ENDA – 600 Series ) Stake gas and air pollution analyzer ( ENDA – 600 Series ) Hitachi High Technologies Corp.( 4 – 8 / 4 / 2005 )Hitachi High Technologies Corp.( 4 – 8 / 4 / 2005 ) UV-VIS Spectrophotometer like analyzing of edible pigment in milk and measuring of UV-VIS Spectrophotometer like analyzing of edible pigment in milk and measuring of

ultraviolet ray protection processed clothultraviolet ray protection processed cloth High Performance Liquid Chromatography ( HPLC ) for measuring the quantity like High Performance Liquid Chromatography ( HPLC ) for measuring the quantity like

measuring Aspartame in cola measuring Aspartame in cola Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer for measuring the elements such as Fe , Zn, Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer for measuring the elements such as Fe , Zn,

Cd in coffee Cd in coffee Centrifugal for separating substance particles such as blood cellCentrifugal for separating substance particles such as blood cell Shimadzu Corp.( 18 – 22 / 4 / 2005 )Shimadzu Corp.( 18 – 22 / 4 / 2005 ) Gas Chromatography ( GC ) for measuring the quantity such as NO3 in waterGas Chromatography ( GC ) for measuring the quantity such as NO3 in water Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer ( GCMS ) for measuring the quantity Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer ( GCMS ) for measuring the quantity

and quality and quality HPLCHPLC Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer ( LCMS ) for measuring the Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometer ( LCMS ) for measuring the

quantity and quality ( substance which can not expected to high temperature )quantity and quality ( substance which can not expected to high temperature )

The contents that I found interestingThe contents that I found interesting

Automotive Emission analyzer (MEXA – Automotive Emission analyzer (MEXA – 324 L) for measuring the CO and HC 324 L) for measuring the CO and HC Because by this instrument I can measure Because by this instrument I can measure the gas coming out from spryer engine.the gas coming out from spryer engine.

Gas Chromatography (GC) Gas Chromatography (GC) High Performance Liquid Chromatography High Performance Liquid Chromatography

(HPLC)(HPLC) Gas Chromatography Mass Gas Chromatography Mass

Spectrophotometer (GCMS)Spectrophotometer (GCMS) Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

Practical stagePractical stage

After we have finished the familiarization After we have finished the familiarization stage then we moved to the next stage stage then we moved to the next stage which is the practices stage. In this stage which is the practices stage. In this stage we learned different practice by using we learned different practice by using measuring instruments that we have measuring instruments that we have already Know in the familiarization stage.already Know in the familiarization stage.

This stage is very important stage for me This stage is very important stage for me because through it all my requested is because through it all my requested is applied and really it was a very good applied and really it was a very good chance for me to be in the Hyogo chance for me to be in the Hyogo Prefecture Technology Center for Prefecture Technology Center for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (HPTCAFF) with all the experts’ staff.(HPTCAFF) with all the experts’ staff.

What I have learned in this stageWhat I have learned in this stage In this stage I have learned and gained so many In this stage I have learned and gained so many

information on how to make different analytical information on how to make different analytical practice which is differ according to the type of practice which is differ according to the type of analyizition, started from sample preparation, analyizition, started from sample preparation, then analyzing procedure and getting the result then analyzing procedure and getting the result and finally analyzing the result be using of and finally analyzing the result be using of different equipments and measuring instruments.different equipments and measuring instruments.

The practices are in the following fields:The practices are in the following fields: Residue Analysis of Pesticide in Soil Residue Analysis of Pesticide in Soil Analysis of Heavy Metals in SoilAnalysis of Heavy Metals in Soil Analysis of Biomass in Soil Treated with Analysis of Biomass in Soil Treated with

Agricultural ChemicalsAgricultural Chemicals Rapid Analysis of Nitrate in VegetablesRapid Analysis of Nitrate in Vegetables Water Quality Measurement - Water SamplingWater Quality Measurement - Water Sampling

The contents that I found interestingThe contents that I found interesting All the contents which have munched in All the contents which have munched in

this stage were very interested to me this stage were very interested to me including types of analysis and methods including types of analysis and methods (sampling, analyzing and getting result) (sampling, analyzing and getting result) .That is because as I have said before, .That is because as I have said before, these practice is applied all me request these practice is applied all me request in the field of agricultural. Also I am so in the field of agricultural. Also I am so match interested in the measuring match interested in the measuring meters such as ( p H , EC , Do , COD meters such as ( p H , EC , Do , COD and Transparency ) and Transparency )

How to apply what I leaned to my How to apply what I leaned to my

workwork As I said before in the aim of attending the training course that we As I said before in the aim of attending the training course that we

have a problem of contaminating the environment with pesticides , have a problem of contaminating the environment with pesticides , and there is no study on the effect of pesticides on the environment and there is no study on the effect of pesticides on the environment ( soil , water , plant .. . etc ) .( soil , water , plant .. . etc ) .

The information that I have learned during this period of the training The information that I have learned during this period of the training course , increases my understanding to the environment and I know course , increases my understanding to the environment and I know how serious is the environment pollution .So related to my work I how serious is the environment pollution .So related to my work I will try to do my best to minimize the use of pesticides through will try to do my best to minimize the use of pesticides through minimizing the controlled area. Also these information and technical minimizing the controlled area. Also these information and technical practices that I have learned and gained from this course asp sally practices that I have learned and gained from this course asp sally the analytical practices in (HPTCAFF) are going to help as in my the analytical practices in (HPTCAFF) are going to help as in my country to start the analytical study to the environment such as country to start the analytical study to the environment such as residue of pesticides in soil , water , plant …etc residue of pesticides in soil , water , plant …etc

Also as I have said in the country report the regulation and Also as I have said in the country report the regulation and monitoring activities on the environment such as chemical monitoring activities on the environment such as chemical environment is a sharing process between many ministries in the environment is a sharing process between many ministries in the government in which there is a cooperation between them to government in which there is a cooperation between them to achieve complete monitoring activities .This cooperation activated achieve complete monitoring activities .This cooperation activated through the sharing committees , and because I am a member in through the sharing committees , and because I am a member in the ministry of agricultural and ministry of regional municipality and the ministry of agricultural and ministry of regional municipality and environment committee .I am going to forward and discuss the environment committee .I am going to forward and discuss the information that I have gained and learned from this course.information that I have gained and learned from this course.

ThanksThanks

One behalf of my country I would like to One behalf of my country I would like to express my thanks to the Government of express my thanks to the Government of Japan through JICA and JICE and all the Japan through JICA and JICE and all the lecturers for their efforts and all the lecturers for their efforts and all the companies such as (Horiba, Hitachi and companies such as (Horiba, Hitachi and Shimaduz) and to Hyogo Prefectural Shimaduz) and to Hyogo Prefectural Institute and all the staff of (HPTCAFF) Institute and all the staff of (HPTCAFF) center and off course grate thanks to our center and off course grate thanks to our course coordinator Kojima san for her effort course coordinator Kojima san for her effort guiding as and finally to our course leader guiding as and finally to our course leader and course programmer and all those how and course programmer and all those how maybe I forgot to thanked them.maybe I forgot to thanked them.