MICROWAVE POWER TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGY via SOLAR SATELLITE

1Presented by:SANGEETA. M.G16MT0071

SEMINAR ON

Overview2

HistoryMicrowave

powerTransmission

Block Diagram

Components And Operation

Applications Conclusion

Wireless Power Transmission(WPT)

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1899• Nicola Tesla gave the idea of WPT, hence he is called as “FATHER OF WIRELESS”.• His objective was to develop the technology for transmitting electricity to

anywhere in the world without wires.

1970• W. C. Brown conducted a first microwave power transmission experiment

using the JPL Goldstone parabolic antenna

1983• The first microwave power transmission experiment in space was conducted

in Japan .

HISTORY

Microwave Power Transmission • Solar Energy from the satellites is sent to earth by using Microwaves• It consists of mainly three segments. solar panel array, microwave generator, Transmitting and Receiving antenna.

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Block diagram5

Transmission6

Step 4

Provide the electricity to the utility grid

Step 3

Transmitting and receiving of microwave

Step 2Microwave generator converts electrical energy into microwaves

Step 1

Capture solar energy in space and convert it to electricity

Four basic steps involved in the conversion of solar energy to electricity and delivery are:

STEP1: Solar to electrical energy●Solar panels use photons(light energy) from sun to generate

electricity through photovoltaic effect.●Photovoltaic cells are used the conversion of solar energy to

electric energy.

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STEP 2 AND STEP 3:Generation and Transmission of Microwaves

Primary components

of MPT

Microwave generator

Transmitting antenna

Rectifying antenna

(Rectenna)

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Microwave generator• Microwave Generator are used to produce the microwaves.

• The microwave transmitting devices are classified as:Microwave Vaccum Tubes (magnetron, klystron etc ) Semiconductor Microwave transmitters (GaAs ).

• Magnetron is widely used for experimentation of WPT.

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Magnetron• Originally developed in 1916.• It consists of a cathode which is placed at the centre. • A ring shaped anode surrounds the cathode. In anode structure, there

are resonant cavities.• The resonant cavities present in anode structure are channelled at

one end of the magnetron where the produced microwaves are collected.

Magnetron

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Transmitting Antenna

• Transmitting antenna is a gigantic antenna array.• They may be of many types, some are-

The slotted wave guide antenna Micro strip patch antenna Parabolic dish antenna

• The slotted waveguide antenna is ideal for power transmission because of its high aperture efficiency (> 95%) and high power handling capability.

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Rectenna12• The word rectenna is hybrid of RECtifier and anTENNA.• It is a special type of antenna that is used to directly convert microwave

energy into DC electricity.• Low pass filter used to remove the high order harmonics.• A simple rectenna element consists of a dipole antenna with a Schottky diode

placed across the dipole elements. A typical rectenna has an efficiency of 85%.

Block Diagram of Rectenna.

Advantages●Remove physical infrastructure “Grids and Towers” .

●Cost effective (Remove cost of towers and cables).

●During rain and after natural disaster it is often hard to manage cables and towers so it Removes this.

●Losses during transmission and distribution can be removed.

●Microwaves (electricity) are more environments friendly. It does not involve emission of Carbon gases.

●Zero fuel cost .

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Disadvantages• Launch costs is high.

• Requires a network of hundreds of satellites.

• Possible health hazards.

• The size of antennas and rectennas is quite large.

• Interference with communication satellites.

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Applications15

●There are many applications . Example include; fuel free airplanes, fuel free electric vehicles.

●Moving robots and fuel free rockets, battery charging, car charging, remote control, game controller.

●Used for Headsets , sensors, computers, laptop charging, television and many more.

 

Conclusion

The concept of WPT offers possibilities of transmitting power with negligible losses and ease of transmission.

There will be a shift

towards renewable

sources and solar will be

a major contributor.

SSP it is technological

feasible ,efficient ,Fast and low maintenance

cost.

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References●[1] Susumu Sasaki, Koji Tanaka, and Ken-ichiro Maki, “Microwave Power

Transmission Technologies for Solar Power Satellite”, Proceedings of the IEEE ,Vol. 101, No. 6, June 2013

●[2] M.Muthupriya and S.Vinothini, “wireless Power Transmission Via Solar Power Satellite”, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 5, May-2013

●[3] Hemant m. Dighade and Akhilesh A. Nimje,” Wireless Power Transmission Using Satellite

●Based Solar Power System.● .[4] Hemant m. dighade, Akhilesh A. Nimje, “Wireless Power Transmission

Using Satellite Based Solar Power System” ,International Journal Of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management, Volume 2, Issue 10, October 2013.

●[5] William C. Brown, “Beamed Microwave Power Transmission and its Application to Space”, IEEE Transactions on microwave theory and techniques. Vol,40, No, 6, June 1992.

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THANK YOU

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