microsoft virtual server 2005 technical overview john howard, it pro evangelist, microsoft uk
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Microsoft Virtual Server 2005Microsoft Virtual Server 2005Technical OverviewTechnical Overview
John Howard, IT Pro Evangelist, Microsoft UKJohn Howard, IT Pro Evangelist, Microsoft UK
http://blogs.technet.com/jhowardhttp://blogs.technet.com/jhoward
AgendaAgenda
Virtual Server 2005 ScenariosVirtual Server 2005 Scenarios
Virtual Server Migration Toolkit (VSMT)Virtual Server Migration Toolkit (VSMT)
Virtual Server 2005 Architecture Virtual Server 2005 Architecture
DemonstrationsDemonstrations
AgendaAgenda
Virtual Server 2005 ScenariosVirtual Server 2005 Scenarios
Virtual Server Migration Toolkit (VSMT)Virtual Server Migration Toolkit (VSMT)
Virtual Server 2005 Architecture Virtual Server 2005 Architecture
DemonstrationsDemonstrations
Microsoft Virtual Server 2005Microsoft Virtual Server 2005The most cost-effective virtual machine solution The most cost-effective virtual machine solution
designed for Windows Server 2003 designed for Windows Server 2003 to increase operational efficiencyto increase operational efficiency
Migration and consolidation
• Legacy custom applicationsLegacy custom applications• Departmental/branch office serversDepartmental/branch office servers
• Disaster recovery sitesDisaster recovery sites
Software test/development• Consolidation/automation of a centrally managed server Consolidation/automation of a centrally managed server farmfarm• Simulation of distributed applications/services on a Simulation of distributed applications/services on a single systemsingle system
VMVMVM
VM
VMVM
VM
VMVMVM
VM VMVM
VMVM
VMVMVM
VM
VM VMVMVM
VM
Key Benefits: Improved hardware efficiency and increased productivity
Test/Development ScenarioTest/Development Scenario
No packets hit the production network
Uniform regression testing WITHdeveloper flexibility
““Dev/Test-in-a-box”Dev/Test-in-a-box”
Fully-patched suite of test Fully-patched suite of test servers deployed from servers deployed from centrally-managed VM librarycentrally-managed VM library
New application/service New application/service regression- tested across regression- tested across distributed interactivity prior to distributed interactivity prior to staging and productionstaging and production
Customer benefit: lower risk, Customer benefit: lower risk, higher quality, faster higher quality, faster deploymentsdeployments
Branch Office ScenarioBranch Office Scenario
““Branch-in-a-box”Branch-in-a-box”
Single Server in a Branch Single Server in a Branch running various services. File and running various services. File and Print, DC, LOB applications.Print, DC, LOB applications.
DC in a virtual machine on a DC in a virtual machine on a guest operating system with guest operating system with application services running on application services running on the host operating systemthe host operating system
DC on the host operating system DC on the host operating system with application services running with application services running in a virtual machine on a guest in a virtual machine on a guest operating systemoperating system
DC and applications running in DC and applications running in virtual machines on separate virtual machines on separate guest operating systems with guest operating systems with host operating system for host operating system for administration onlyadministration only
AgendaAgenda
Virtual Server 2005 ScenariosVirtual Server 2005 Scenarios
Virtual Server Migration Toolkit (VSMT)Virtual Server Migration Toolkit (VSMT)
Virtual Server 2005 Architecture Virtual Server 2005 Architecture
DemonstrationsDemonstrations
VSMT ScenariosVSMT Scenarios
Application Rehosting Application Rehosting Allows application to be moved to new hardware for better Allows application to be moved to new hardware for better performance, reliability, and maintainability.performance, reliability, and maintainability.
Server ConsolidationServer ConsolidationConsolidate multiple physical servers onto a smaller number of Consolidate multiple physical servers onto a smaller number of physical serversphysical servers
Each of the original physical servers runs in its own Virtual Each of the original physical servers runs in its own Virtual Machine to maintain application isolation, security, and operating Machine to maintain application isolation, security, and operating system environmentsystem environment
VSMT enables both scenarios by automating the VSMT enables both scenarios by automating the migration of the operating system and installed migration of the operating system and installed applications from a physical server to a Virtual applications from a physical server to a Virtual ServerServer
VS Migration ToolkitVS Migration Toolkit
“Old” Server W2K3 ServerWith Virtual Server 2005 & VSMT
W2K3 Serverwith ADS 1.0 & VSMT
Run gatherhw.exe
Move outputXML file to ADScontroller
Run VMScript.exe tovalidate HW config and generate custom scripts
Run generated capture.cmd
Manually PXE boot to ADS Deployment Agent, causing image to be captured
Power off old hardware (Automatic)
Run generated CreateVM.cmd, which executes a task sequence to create a Virtual Server on the Virtual Server Host Run generated DeployVM.cmd, which executes a task sequence to deploy the captured image to the new Virtual Server
Configure VM settings, network and storage configuration & VM additions
Task
seq
uenc
e ex
ecut
ion
VSMT Toolkit FunctionalityVSMT Toolkit Functionality
• Migrates physical server to Virtual Server (P2V)Migrates physical server to Virtual Server (P2V)
• Moves entire operating system and installed Moves entire operating system and installed applications by moving disk imagesapplications by moving disk images
• Server retains its identity after the moveServer retains its identity after the move
• Actual process takes around an hour per server after Actual process takes around an hour per server after the planning and infrastructure setup is completethe planning and infrastructure setup is complete
• Targeted for use by IT professionals or by MCSTargeted for use by IT professionals or by MCS
• Requires some scripting knowledge and Windows Requires some scripting knowledge and Windows Server expertiseServer expertise
• Requires DHCP and ADS infrastructuresRequires DHCP and ADS infrastructures
VSMT PrerequisitesVSMT Prerequisites
Microsoft ADS, runs on Windows Server 2003 Microsoft ADS, runs on Windows Server 2003 Enterprise EditionEnterprise Edition
Sufficient disk space on ADS Server to store Sufficient disk space on ADS Server to store images of servers during migration processimages of servers during migration process
Microsoft Virtual Server 2005Microsoft Virtual Server 2005
Sufficient resources (memory, disk, network) on the Sufficient resources (memory, disk, network) on the Virtual Server to support migrated systemsVirtual Server to support migrated systems
Virtual Server and VSMT (with ADS) can be on Virtual Server and VSMT (with ADS) can be on the same box.the same box.
VSMT RequirementsVSMT Requirements
Physical source machine requirementsPhysical source machine requirements
Operating SystemsOperating Systems
NT Server 4.0 SP6aNT Server 4.0 SP6a
Windows 2000Windows 2000
Windows Server 2003Windows Server 2003
Minimum of 96MB of physical memory installedMinimum of 96MB of physical memory installed
WMI must be installed and functional WMI must be installed and functional
Primary NIC must be PXE 0.99c compatible and system must be able Primary NIC must be PXE 0.99c compatible and system must be able to perform a PXE boot, via ROM or RBFG diskto perform a PXE boot, via ROM or RBFG disk
Migration TipsMigration Tips
Before you start a migration, always:Before you start a migration, always:
Verify adequate disk resources are available on the VS Host and ADS Verify adequate disk resources are available on the VS Host and ADS Image ServersImage Servers
Verify adequate memory resources are available on the VS HostVerify adequate memory resources are available on the VS Host
Have access to a local admin-level account on the machine to be Have access to a local admin-level account on the machine to be migratedmigrated
Decide on a retention plan for the physical server and image capturesDecide on a retention plan for the physical server and image captures
VSMT LimitationsVSMT LimitationsLimitationsLimitations
Servers with hardware not emulated in VS cannot be Servers with hardware not emulated in VS cannot be moved – E.G.: Parallel port dongle, USB, HBAsmoved – E.G.: Parallel port dongle, USB, HBAs
Physical servers with less than 96MB of memory Physical servers with less than 96MB of memory cannot run migration tools (160MB if FAT partitions)cannot run migration tools (160MB if FAT partitions)
Cannot migrate SAN data - must be copied manuallyCannot migrate SAN data - must be copied manually
Some hardware configurations will require manual Some hardware configurations will require manual intervention in the migration process, particularly with intervention in the migration process, particularly with NT 4.0NT 4.0
Targeted for IT-Pros or consultantsTargeted for IT-Pros or consultants
Requires some scripting knowledgeRequires some scripting knowledge
Requires DHCP, PXE and ADS knowledgeRequires DHCP, PXE and ADS knowledge
Virtual Server Migration ToolkitVirtual Server Migration Toolkit
DemoDemo
AgendaAgenda
Virtual Server 2005 ScenariosVirtual Server 2005 Scenarios
Virtual Server Migration Toolkit (VSMT)Virtual Server Migration Toolkit (VSMT)
Virtual Server 2005 ArchitectureVirtual Server 2005 Architecture
DemonstrationsDemonstrations
x86/x64 serverx86/x64 server
ApplicationApplicationGuest OSGuest OS
ApplicationApplicationGuest OSGuest OS
VirtualVirtualH/WH/W
VirtualVirtualH/WH/W
Virtual Server 2005 ArchitectureVirtual Server 2005 Architecture
Up to 32 host CPUsUp to 32 host CPUs
Up to 64GB host RAMUp to 64GB host RAM
VS leverages existing system storage, VS leverages existing system storage, networking and security infrastructurenetworking and security infrastructure
Teamed NICs, teamed HBAsTeamed NICs, teamed HBAs
VS Standard Edition Optimized for VS Standard Edition Optimized for Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition (2-4P/32GB)(2-4P/32GB)
VS Enterprise Edition Optimized for VS Enterprise Edition Optimized for Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition (<8P/64GB)(<8P/64GB)
Support for X64 OS due in Virtual Server Support for X64 OS due in Virtual Server SP1 (32bit Guests)SP1 (32bit Guests)
Up to 32 host CPUsUp to 32 host CPUs
Up to 64GB host RAMUp to 64GB host RAM
VS leverages existing system storage, VS leverages existing system storage, networking and security infrastructurenetworking and security infrastructure
Teamed NICs, teamed HBAsTeamed NICs, teamed HBAs
VS Standard Edition Optimized for VS Standard Edition Optimized for Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition Windows Server 2003 Standard Edition (2-4P/32GB)(2-4P/32GB)
VS Enterprise Edition Optimized for VS Enterprise Edition Optimized for Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition (<8P/64GB)(<8P/64GB)
Support for X64 OS due in Virtual Server Support for X64 OS due in Virtual Server SP1 (32bit Guests)SP1 (32bit Guests)
x86/x64 serverx86/x64 server
ApplicationApplicationGuest OSGuest OS
ApplicationApplicationGuest OSGuest OS
VirtualVirtualH/WH/W
VirtualVirtualH/WH/W
Virtual Server 2005 ArchitectureVirtual Server 2005 Architecture
VS works with Windows:VS works with Windows:
Heartbeat from kernel/ schedulerHeartbeat from kernel/ scheduler
Windows Device driversWindows Device drivers
VS works with Windows:VS works with Windows:
Heartbeat from kernel/ schedulerHeartbeat from kernel/ scheduler
Windows Device driversWindows Device drivers
x86/x64 serverx86/x64 server
ApplicationApplicationGuest OSGuest OS
ApplicationApplicationGuest OSGuest OS
VirtualVirtualH/WH/W
VirtualVirtualH/WH/W
Virtual Server 2005 ArchitectureVirtual Server 2005 Architecture
Virtualisation infrastructureVirtualisation infrastructure
VM monitorVM monitor
COM APICOM API
Resource managementResource management
WMI/event log integrationWMI/event log integration
Multiple Threaded SupportMultiple Threaded Support
Virtualisation infrastructureVirtualisation infrastructure
VM monitorVM monitor
COM APICOM API
Resource managementResource management
WMI/event log integrationWMI/event log integration
Multiple Threaded SupportMultiple Threaded Support
x86/x64 serverx86/x64 server
ApplicationApplicationGuest OSGuest OS
ApplicationApplicationGuest OSGuest OS
VirtualVirtualH/WH/W
VirtualVirtualH/WH/W
Virtual Server 2005 ArchitectureVirtual Server 2005 Architecture
Industry-standard device modelsIndustry-standard device models
Intel 440BX motherboardIntel 440BX motherboard
Intel 21141 NICIntel 21141 NIC
S3 Trio64 SVGA with 2D S3 Trio64 SVGA with 2D hardware acceleration hardware acceleration
IDE/ATAPI controllerIDE/ATAPI controller
Adaptec 2940 SCSI Adaptec 2940 SCSI controllercontroller
Legacy devices Legacy devices
KBD, Mouse, COM, KBD, Mouse, COM, LPT portsLPT ports..
NO custom drivers in guestNO custom drivers in guest
Industry-standard device modelsIndustry-standard device models
Intel 440BX motherboardIntel 440BX motherboard
Intel 21141 NICIntel 21141 NIC
S3 Trio64 SVGA with 2D S3 Trio64 SVGA with 2D hardware acceleration hardware acceleration
IDE/ATAPI controllerIDE/ATAPI controller
Adaptec 2940 SCSI Adaptec 2940 SCSI controllercontroller
Legacy devices Legacy devices
KBD, Mouse, COM, KBD, Mouse, COM, LPT portsLPT ports..
NO custom drivers in guestNO custom drivers in guest
x86/x64 serverx86/x64 server
ApplicationApplicationGuest OSGuest OS
ApplicationApplicationGuest OSGuest OS
VirtualVirtualH/WH/W
VirtualVirtualH/WH/W
Virtual Server 2005 ArchitectureVirtual Server 2005 ArchitectureGuest OS:Guest OS:
Runs all major x86 OSesRuns all major x86 OSes
3.6GB RAM3.6GB RAM
4 NICs4 NICs
56.5TB storage (IDE -SCSI)56.5TB storage (IDE -SCSI)
2-N failover MSCS clustering2-N failover MSCS clustering
VM to VM same VS Host VM to VM same VS Host ServerServer
SCSI limits cluster sizeSCSI limits cluster size
ISCSI will support more ISCSI will support more cluster nodes and VM to VM cluster nodes and VM to VM clusters across hosts.clusters across hosts.
Supported Guest OSSupported Guest OS
Windows Server 2003Windows Server 2003
Windows 2000 ServerWindows 2000 Server
(NT 4.0 Server )(NT 4.0 Server )
Guest applications:Guest applications:
NO rewriting, retraining.NO rewriting, retraining.
Guest OS:Guest OS:
Runs all major x86 OSesRuns all major x86 OSes
3.6GB RAM3.6GB RAM
4 NICs4 NICs
56.5TB storage (IDE -SCSI)56.5TB storage (IDE -SCSI)
2-N failover MSCS clustering2-N failover MSCS clustering
VM to VM same VS Host VM to VM same VS Host ServerServer
SCSI limits cluster sizeSCSI limits cluster size
ISCSI will support more ISCSI will support more cluster nodes and VM to VM cluster nodes and VM to VM clusters across hosts.clusters across hosts.
Supported Guest OSSupported Guest OS
Windows Server 2003Windows Server 2003
Windows 2000 ServerWindows 2000 Server
(NT 4.0 Server )(NT 4.0 Server )
Guest applications:Guest applications:
NO rewriting, retraining.NO rewriting, retraining.
Virtual Server 2005 ComponentsVirtual Server 2005 Components
The Virtual Server 2005 user Interface is Web-based and has two components The Virtual Server 2005 user Interface is Web-based and has two components
The Web Server – a CGI file uses the VS COM API to create the UI contentThe Web Server – a CGI file uses the VS COM API to create the UI content
The Administration Interface – a standard browser that displays the UIThe Administration Interface – a standard browser that displays the UI
These components can reside remotely or locally to the VS serviceThese components can reside remotely or locally to the VS service
Can use HTTPS to communicate to web serviceCan use HTTPS to communicate to web service
VM user interaction is remoted using a Virtual Machine Remote Control (VMRC) linkVM user interaction is remoted using a Virtual Machine Remote Control (VMRC) link
Uses NTLM or Kerberos authentication Uses NTLM or Kerberos authentication
VS Service VS Service
Web ServerWeb Server
AdministrativeAdministrativeInterfaceInterface
VMRCVMRC
HTTPSHTTPS DCOMDCOM
VM 1VM 1
VM 2VM 2
VM 3VM 3
IIS ServiceIIS Service
Virtual Server CGIVirtual Server CGI
Internet ExplorerInternet Explorer
VMRC ClientVMRC Client
CPU resource allocation policiesCPU resource allocation policies
max: 20%max: 20%min: 5%min: 5%
wt: 100wt: 100
max: 20%max: 20%min: 10%min: 10%
wt: 100wt: 100max: 50%max: 50%
min: 25%min: 25%
wt: 100wt: 100
Web serverWeb serverWeb serverWeb server Business logicBusiness logic DatabaseDatabase
VMVM VMVM VMVM
Workload management featuresWorkload management features
Weighting policy enforces database SLA Weighting policy enforces database SLA vis-à-vis other VMs
Minimum reserve policy: other VMs not CPU-starved balanced workload
Recommend reserve 1 CPU for VS host
1GB1GB
Total RAM: 4GBTotal RAM: 4GB
512K512K
1.5GB1.5GB
Web serverWeb serverWeb serverWeb server Business logicBusiness logic DatabaseDatabase
VMVM VMVM VMVM
Memory features in actionMemory features in action
No memory overcommit: running VMs’ RAM cannot exceed physical RAMNo memory overcommit: running VMs’ RAM cannot exceed physical RAM
Dynamic memory add/delete not currently supportedDynamic memory add/delete not currently supported
Recommend 512MB VS host + 15MB for VS serviceRecommend 512MB VS host + 15MB for VS service
Virtual Disk DrivesVirtual Disk DrivesIDEIDE
Up to four IDE drives (128GB per drive)Up to four IDE drives (128GB per drive)
SCSISCSI
Up to four SCSI controllersUp to four SCSI controllers
Up to seven drives per controller (2TB max per drive)Up to seven drives per controller (2TB max per drive)
Maximum 56 TB per VMMaximum 56 TB per VM
.VHD files on host.VHD files on host
Created using Virtual Disk ManagerCreated using Virtual Disk Manager
Virtual Disk DrivesVirtual Disk DrivesDynamically expandingDynamically expanding
Fixed sizeFixed size
Difference driveDifference drive
Read only parent fileRead only parent file
Changes written to a difference fileChanges written to a difference file
Linked drive – Uses a physical driveLinked drive – Uses a physical drive
Undo capabilityUndo capability
Saves all drive updates in special case, difference drivesSaves all drive updates in special case, difference drives
Updates committed or discarded at shutdownUpdates committed or discarded at shutdown
Virtual Disk DrivesVirtual Disk Drives
Base virtual hard disk types
Dynamically expanding vhds
Default type: grows as needed
Fixed size virtual hard disks Highest performance type
Linked virtual hard disks Links a physical data disk to a virtual hard disk
State drive types
Undo virtual hard disks Non-persistent, per-VM
Differencing virtual hard disks
Persistent parent-child hierarchy
Saved states Flush memory to disk (like hibernation)
HostHostGuest
HostHostGuest
2TB2TB
1GB
2TB2TB2TB
HostHost GuestGuest
VM
HostHost
BaseBase SP1SP1 SP2SP2
BaseBaseSessionSession
Virtual Networks (VNs)Virtual Networks (VNs)
Virtual networks with no NIC connected (Guests Only)Virtual networks with no NIC connected (Guests Only)
All routing is performed local to Virtual ServerAll routing is performed local to Virtual Server
A virtual DHCP server provides IP addresses to VMs on the networkA virtual DHCP server provides IP addresses to VMs on the network
VM1VM1
Physical 1Physical 1
VM2VM2 VM3VM3
Physical 2Physical 2
Default Default NetworksNetworks
User User created created
NetworksNetworks
ExampleExampleVM1 – the default internal and NIC1 networksVM1 – the default internal and NIC1 networks
VM2 – new internal network created; connects to it and the default NIC2 networkVM2 – new internal network created; connects to it and the default NIC2 network
VM3 – the default internal network, the NIC1 network and the new internal networkVM3 – the default internal network, the NIC1 network and the new internal network
InternalInternal
UserUser
Max four Virtual Networks per VMMax four Virtual Networks per VM
Default installationDefault installation
One per physical NICOne per physical NIC
One with no NIC (Internal)One with no NIC (Internal)
Create your ownCreate your own
Virtual Networking featuresVirtual Networking featuresVirtual Networking featuresVirtual Networking features
Private virtual Private virtual networknetwork
Virtual NICSVirtual NICS Virtual NICs Virtual NICs
Virtual Networks in actionVirtual Networks in action
Hardware serverHardware serverHardware serverHardware server
Private internal networkPublic external network
Virtual DHCP ServerVirtual DHCP Server
Web serverWeb serverWeb serverWeb server Business logicBusiness logic DatabaseDatabase
VMVM VMVM VMVM
Virtual SwitchVirtual Switch Virtual SwitchVirtual Switch
Virtual Server ManageabilityVirtual Server ManageabilityMicrosoft Operations Manager 2005 with the Management Pack for Virtual Server 2005 provides industry-leading Windows health and performance monitoring capabilities—a familiar interface that your staff already knows.
Microsoft Operations Manager 2005 with the Management Pack for Virtual Server 2005 provides industry-leading Windows health and performance monitoring capabilities—a familiar interface that your staff already knows.
Microsoft Automated Deployment Services—included with Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition—provides a powerful unified interface for automated provisioning and deployment of both host and guest Windows OSes.
Microsoft Automated Deployment Services—included with Windows Server 2003 Enterprise Edition—provides a powerful unified interface for automated provisioning and deployment of both host and guest Windows OSes.
SummarySummary
Scenarios Scenarios
Test & DevelopmentTest & Development
RehostingRehosting
FlexibleFlexible
Capable of complex modelling scenariosCapable of complex modelling scenarios
ManageableManageable
VMRC/Admin Interface remote controlVMRC/Admin Interface remote control
Resource managementResource management
ScriptingScripting
Microsoft Operations Manager Management PackMicrosoft Operations Manager Management Pack
© 2004 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. This presentation is for informational purposes only.© 2004 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. This presentation is for informational purposes only.MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IN THIS SUMMARY.MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IN THIS SUMMARY.
© 2004 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. This presentation is for informational purposes only.© 2004 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. This presentation is for informational purposes only.MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IN THIS SUMMARY.MICROSOFT MAKES NO WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IN THIS SUMMARY.
Microsoft Virtual Server 2005Microsoft Virtual Server 2005Technical OverviewTechnical Overview
John Howard, IT Pro Evangelist, Microsoft UKJohn Howard, IT Pro Evangelist, Microsoft UK
http://blogs.technet.com/jhowardhttp://blogs.technet.com/jhoward