microorganism : friend and foe
DESCRIPTION
micro, microorganism, friend , foe, science , activity, 8th classTRANSCRIPT
MICROORGANISMS AND MICROBES ABOUT MICROORGANISMS TYPES OF MICROORGANISMS VIRUSES
DISEASES
INDEX
MICROORGANISMS AND MICROBESHowever, there `are other living organisms around us
which we are normally cannot see . These are
called microorganisms or microbes . For example, during the rainy season
moist bread gets spoilt and its surface gets covered
with greyish white patches .
IT IS AN
MICROORGANISMS
ABOUT MICROORGANISMSWater and soil are full of tiny organisms, thought
not all of them fall into the category of microbes.
Microorganisms or microbes are so small in size that they cannot be
seen with the unaided eye. That is why these are
called microorganisms or microbes .
Microorganisms are classified into four major groups. These groups are bacteria, fungi, protozoa and
some algae. Some of these common Microorganisms are
shown in figs. 2.1-2.4.
TYPES OF MICROORGANISMS
Bacteria are a large domain of single-celled, prokaryote
microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from
spheres to rods and spirals. There are typically 40 million bacterial cells
in a gram of soil and a million bacterial cells in a milli litre of fresh water. Bacteria are vital in recycling
nutrients.
BACTERIA
TWO TYPES OF
BACTERIA
ROD-SHAPED SPIRAL BACTERIA
A fungus is a member of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds (British English: moulds), as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, Fungi, which is separate from plants, animals, and bacteria.
.
FUNGUS
BREAD MOULD ASPERGILLUS
Protozoa are a diverse group of single cell eukaryotic organisms, many of which
are motile. Historically protozoa were defined as single cell protests with
animal-like behavior, e.g. movement. Protozoa were regarded as the partner group of protests to protophyta which
have plant-like behavior, e.g. photosynthesis
PROTOZOA
EXAMPLE OF PROTOZOA
PARAMECIUM AMOEBA
Algae are a large and diverse group of simple, typically autotrophic
organisms, ranging from unicellular to multicellular forms, such as the
giant kelps that grow to 65 meters in length. They are photosynthetic like plants, and "simple" because their tissues are not organized into the many distinct organs found in land
plants.
ALGAE
EXAMPLES OF ALGAE
CHLAMYDOMONAS SPIROGYRA
Viruses are also microscopic. They, however., reproduce only inside the
cells of the host organism. Which may be a bacterium, plant or animal. Some of the Viruses are shown in
fig.2.5. common ailments like cold, influenza (flu) and most coughs are caused by Viruses. Serious diseases like polio and chicken pox are also
caused by viruses.
VIRUSES
A virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the
living cells of organisms. Most viruses are too small to be seen directly with a light microscope.
Viruses infect all types of organisms, from animals and
plants to bacteria and archaea.
A VIRUS
EXAMPLES OF
VIRUSES
Diseases like dysentery and malaria are caused by protozoa (protozoan)
whereas typhoid and tuberculosis (TB) are bacterial diseases.
DISEASES
ANSWER THE
FOLLOWING QUESTION
What is microorganisms?
Name four types of microorganisms?
Give two examples of protozoa and fungi?
By which microorganisms dysentery and malaria is caused?
Name the serious diseases caused by viruses?
Where viruses reproduce ?
by which object we can see the microorganisms?
THE END
TAUGHT BYMR. PANKAJ KUKEREJASIR
PRESENTED BY
GROUP “A”TUSHAR SOLANKI , GAYATRI VALLAPH PAL , ARNAV SIKKEWAL , HIMANSHU GUPTA ,
ARYAN WAGADRE ,